• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a program of Tai Chi and auricular acupressure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: The study design was a one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 14 outpatients with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis based on the American College of Rheumatology Standards. The setting was a Academic Section of Musculoskeletal Disease in the Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine in United Kingdom. The program was Tai Chi exercise with auricular acupressure per two times a week, for twelve weeks. Results: A program of Tai Chi with auricular acupressure showed significant improvements in amount of pain of RADAI, 28 Joint count swollen, fatigue, physical, affect and symptom of AIMS2, function and symptom of ASES (p<0.05). However, no differences were found in the score of self-efficacy relate to the pain, and quality of healthy related life to social interaction. Conclusion: In order to improve the quality of healthy related life and self-efficacy relate to the pain, it requires long-term intervention. Also different research designs are needed to confirm the effect of this study.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.19-27
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• 1999

The desilica~ilalioc~h~ar .~ctcrisocs or conveutcu dust for molten pg iron has bee11 sludled for the pulposc of converter dust reuse. Desiloconizalir~ne ff~c~encwya s observed 10 be increased with increasing feeding rate of dust, and there was 110 cffccl to Lhe des~lica~~iratiearlfli cio~cyfo r the addtioolI CaO Ln dust. In ~noslc ases, the dcs~l~conizaliornea ction was ucconlpl~shed wrthin 10 minutes regadless of thc dust cornpasilim In addition lo the desil~comzat~oenfl ect, the rzmow~lc hal-i~cteristo~fs M u, P. C, and S from mallen iron by convcrtcr dust also have been in\~esligataled. CuO m thc converlel. dust was observed to ~educc the demanganizi~tion eflect and slag laming phenomenon and make thc dephosphoriralion pn,ce*s easler.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.83-102
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• 1994

For estimation of Ko value depending upon the stress history of dry sand, a new type of Ko oedometer apparatus is devised, and the horizontal earth pressure is accurately measured. For this study, 2 types of one-cyclic Ko loading/unloading models have been studied experimentally using four relative densities of the sand. The results obtained in this test are as follows Kon, the coefficient of earth pressure at rest for virgin loading is a function of the angle of internal friction of the sand and is determined as Kon=1-0.914 sin, Kou the coefficient of earth pressure at -rest for virgin unloading is a function of K. and overconsolidation ratio(OCR), and is determined as Kou : Kon(OCR)". The exponent u, increases as the relative density increases. Ko,, the coefficient of earth pressure at rest for virgin reloading decreases in hyperbola type as the vertical stress, cv', increases. And, the stress path at virgin reloading lends to the maximum prestress point, independent upon the value of the minimum unloading stress. The gradient of this curve, mr, increases as OCR increases.ases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.327-336
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• 1977

A chinical analysis was performed on 383 ases of hest injurjes eperienced at Department of thoraci Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital during 21 year period From 1957 to 1977. Of 383 patients o hest injuries, 209 cases were result from nonpenetrating injuries whereas 175 were from penetrating injuries, and there were 258 cases of hemothorax or/and pneumothorax, 162 of rib fracture, 33 of foreign body, 26 of clavicle frcture, 26 of lung contusion, 17 of diaphragmati laceration, 14 of hemoperiardium, 14 of flail chest and others. Stab wound was the most common in penetrating injuries and followed by gunshot and shell fragments. The majority of nonpenetrating chest injury paiens were traffi accident vitims and falls accounted for the next largest group of accidents. Chest injuries were frequently encountered in the age group between 16 and 50 years, and 321 patients were male comparing to 62 of female. In blunt hest injuries the patients with five or more rib fractures had a 85 per ent incidence of intrathoracic injury and 19 per cent had an intraabdominal organ damage, whereas those with four or less rib fractures had a 69 per cent and a 6 per cent incidence respectively. The principal associated injuries were cerebral contusion on 19 cases, renal contusion on 10, liver laceration on 7, peripheral vessel laceration on 5, spleen laceration on 3 and extremity fracture on 18 patients. The principles of therapy for early complications of chest trauma were rapid reexpansion of the lungs by thoracentesis (46 cases) and closed thoracotomy (125 cases) but open thoracotomy had to be done on 90 cases (23.5%) because of massive bleeding or intrapleural hematoma, foreign body, cardiac injury, diaphragmatic laceration and bronhial rupture. The over all mortality was 2.87 per cent (11 among 383 cases), 8 cases were from penetrating injuries and 3 from nonpenetrating injuries.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.844-849
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• 1996

During the 2 years period, we hav performed acute peritoneal dialysis in twenty two children after cardiopulmonary bypass among 198 patients who underwent surgery due to complicated congenital heart diseAses . were fluid over- load (10 cases), oliguria (9 cases) and hyperkalemia (3 cases). Bypass time greAter than 90 minutes was a predictor of the need for dialysis(p< 0.05). Five neonates (38 %) operated on instituted peritoneal dialysis but it was insignificant determinant factor (p 08). Sixteen patients recovered their renal suction, but 4 patients died due to respirAtory fAilure or sepsis. All the patients which could not recover their renal function, expired although the renal failure was not re- sponsible for the mortality. We think that early peritoneal dialysis is helpful in cases of oliguia, fluid overload or hyperkalemia after cradiopulmonary bypass.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.469-480
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• 2006

The goal of this study is to ases the static and dynamic behavior of disk bearings under railway vehicle loadings. Several static tests were conducted in a laboratory t bearings, all having the same kind of polyurethane disk as used in the static tests, were installed under a full-sized railway bridge and tested with a running locomotive, the tests results, the static and dynamic stiffness of the disk bearings were estimated and compared. the deformation of the disk bearings under the bridge was measured at varying disk bearing was almost half of that under dynamic loading. In addition, the dynamic stiffness of the fixed disk bearing was 80% higher than that of an expansion disk bearing, since the PTFE in the expansion bearing is displaced. The deformation of the disk bearing did not vary significantly with changes in locomotive's speed. The results of this study can contribute to fast-tracking the formulation of a design technique for disk bearings for railway bridges.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.123-135
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• 2007

Objectives : A number of instruments have been developed to measure the quality of life in patients with various shoulder disorders. Much progress has been made in this area, and currently an appropriate instrument exists for each shoulder state. The purpose of this study is to review the instruments that are currently in use for assessing the shoulder joint. Methods : A literature research was performed to choose appropriate scales for assessment of function and the disability of the shoulder. Theoretically based scales were selected for review. Therefore, 11 scales were reviewed. The status of scales involved in shoulder treatment of acupuncture throughout several countries was evaluated. Results : 11 scales: The American shoulder and elbow surgeons evaluation form(ASES), Constant Shoulder Score, The disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand(DASH), Shoulder Disability Questionnaire (SDQ), The Shoulder Pain And Disability index(SPADI), The simple shoulder test(SST), Oxford Shoulder Questionnaire(OSQ), The Rotator Cuff quality-of-life Measure(RC-QoL), Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index(WOSI), Western Ontario Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder Index(WOOS), Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index(WORC), wereevaluated. Each measurement has its own composition and characteristics. Their validity, reliability, responsiveness and practical characteristics were already evaluated. We found 3 domestic and 10 overseas papers about shoulder treatments using acupuncture assessed with shoulder scales. Conclusions : In clinical research, the selection of the measurement scale should take account of the condition of disease, the patient's traits and the characteristics of the research. Moreover, appropriate scales, which havevalidity, reliability, responsiveness and practical characteristics, are needed to enhance the quality of research.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.3-9
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• 2017

Background: Many hyaluronic acid (HA)-based anti-adhesive agents have been commercialized for clinical use in the pharmaceutical market. But their efficacy in arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs remains elusive. To determine their efficacy, we performed a comparative analysis of the effects of two hyaluronate/carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)-based anti-adhesive agents, Protescal and Guardix. Methods: We recruited a total of 256 patients who had received an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair at our hospital between January 2014 and March 2015. Among them, 96 patients fulfilled the study's selection criteria and were enrolled as the final population sample. Thirty patients who had received a postoperative injection of Protescal were allocated into Group A. Another 30 patients who had received a postoperative injection of Guardix were allocated into Group B. As controls, 36 patients who did not receive any injection were allocated into Group C. The patients included in this study were aged between 19 and 75 years. For the clinical assessment, we measured the following clinical parameters-the visual analogue scale for pain (PVAS), the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and the constant score, as well as passive range of motions (ROMs)-at three time-points (preoperatively, 2-month postoperatively, and 6-month postoperatively). Results: We found that Group A compared to Group B tended to show a swifter recovery in passive anterior elevation and in internal rotation by the 2-month postoperative follow-up, but the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: We found that the effects of HA/CMC-based injections were minimal after arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.115-119
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• 1999

Purpose: We reviewed the SLAP lesions and associated injuries, also evaluated a hypothesis that the type II posterior SLAP lesion is related with posterior rotator cuff tear and gives rise to the postero-superior instability. Materials and Methods: The patient recording papers, MRI, video and operation sheets were reviewed with the 28 SLAP lesions confirmed by the arthroscopy among 242 cases. Among these SLAP lesions, type II was 22 cases and classified to the anterior, posterior(16 cases), combined subtype(6 cases) based on the main anatomic location. There were 14 cases of the type II accompanying rotator cuff tear. The average follow-up(13 months) results were evaluated with the ASES and Rowe rating score after repair or debridement of the SLAP lesions. Results: In the type II lesions accompanying the rotator cuff tears(14 cases), the posterior(l0 cases) and combined type(4 cases), cuff lesions were all existed posteriorly. Also We could confirm the drive-through sign in the eleven cases, though did not check the disappearance of this sign after repair because of retrospective study. We could followed up the 22 cases, 18 cases(77%) were excellent or good, fair 3 cases(14%) and poor 1 case(4%). Also, type II lesions with the rotator cuff tear(14 cases) were showed better results in the repair(8 cases) than the debridement(6 cases) of the unstable type II with the cuff repair. Conclusion: The type II lesions were frequently associated with the cuff tear in the specific location. We could presume the possibility of postero-superior instability in the SLAP lesion with the cuff injuries. Also, satisfactory results could be experienced when the unstable SLAP lesions with the cuff tear were repaired at the same time.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2014

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of the subclavian portal approach for the arthroscopic repair of isolated subscapularis tendon tear. Methods: We used the subclavian portal to carry out arthroscopic repair of the isolated subscapularis tendon tear. The surgery was carried out in 18 cases (average age of 53) from May 2006 to December 2009 with a mean follow-up period of 35 months. Of these cases, 13 patients had the tear in their dominant arms, 16 were male, and 12 were from traumatic ruptures with on average 7.6 months of symptom period to operation. Additional surgery, acromioplasty and subacromial debridement, were carried out on 4 cases each during the subscapularis repair. The integrity of cuff status was assessed by ultrasonographic examination at 6 months and at 1 year after operation. Results: The initial average range of motion in forward flexion, external rotation, and internal rotation were $160^{\circ}$, $50^{\circ}$ and L4, respectively. At the 1 year follow-up period, these improved to $160^{\circ}$, $52^{\circ}$ and T12, respectively. The initial average functional scores were assessed by KSS, ASES, UCLA, and Constant scoring systems, which were 67, 60, 26, and 65, respectively. These scores improved progressively with time. At 3 months after operation, the scores were 74, 67, 27, and 74; at 6 months, 83, 77, 31, and 75; at 1 year, 88, 86, 32, and 79; and at the final follow-up of 35 months, 84, 92, 34, and 84. Conclusions: In the repair of isolated subscapularis tendon tear, the subclavian portal approach provided a good angle for anchor insertion and sufficient space to manage the upper portion of the tendon tear. In turn, these provisions resulted in satisfactory clinical results.