• 수완나부미
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.133-148
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• 2017

In spite of being one of the first countries in Asia to establish an institution devoted to the study of the Asian region, area studies in the Philippines has languished over the years. In contrast, area studies programs of her neighbors have grown by leaps and bounds, invigorated by both public and private support. This observation becomes more glaring as Filipino scholars have made a name for themselves in the field of Southeast Asian Studies abroad. The paper is an appraisal of the current state of Southeast Asian area studies and the extent of its operation by the Philippines' top four universities, namely: the Asian Center of the University of the Philippines, the Ateneo de Manila University, the De La Salle University, and the University of Santo Tomas. Starting from the inception of area studies in the mid-1950s leading to a template patterned after the North American - European model, the paper then describes the challenges and its decline in the 80s toward its progression on a paradigm defined by the growing importance of, and actors within, the region. The paper expresses the view that one, the role of the government was both a boon and a bane in the development of area studies; and two, that the rapid economic growth and immense integration in the region in the last two decades gave a new impetus to Southeast Asian area studies, an enormous opportunity to capitalize on for Philippine universities.

• 해양안보
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.141-185
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• 2021

미중 경쟁의 격화로 동남아 국가들의 입장이 매우 위태로워졌다. 한국도 지정학적 대결 구도가 심화되는 가운데 "물길을 헤쳐나가야 하는(navigating the water)" 도전과제에 직면해 있다. 바로 이러한 맥락 속에서, "신남방정책"(이하 NSP)이 한국 외교정책 부문의 핵심어가 되었다. 한국은 NSP를 통해 남방 파트너들과의 유대를 강화함으로써 경제 및 안보 이해관계를 다각화하고자 한다. 이를 위해 3대 주요 영역(3P), 즉 사람(People), 번영 (Prosperity), 평화(Peace)에 초점을 맞춘다. 동시에 NSP는 미국의 "자유롭고 열린 인도태평양(Free and Open Indo-Pacific)" [전략] 같은 다른 주요 외교 의제들과의 협력 역시 모색하며, 이러한 점에서 NSP는 이 지역의 전체적인 안정성에 있어 매우 중요하다. NSP가 갖는 이러한 전략적 중요성을 고려할 때, 이 정책에 대한 심층 분석은 과거 어느 때보다 더 시기적절하다. 하지만 이 정책의 현재까지 결과를 간략히 평가한 결과, "평화" 축은 만족스러운 결과를 달성하는 데 불충분했던 것으로 드러났다. 여기서 본 논문은 다음의 질문을 제기하고자 한다. 1) 한국 신남방정책의 "평화" 축을 강화하는 방법은? "평화" 축이 약했던 원인에 대한 분석을 기초로 본 논문은 해적행위 대응에 관한 협력을 해법으로 식별한다. 더 나아가 본 논문은 다음의 질문에 대한 답을 구하고자 한다. 2) 한국과 아세안이 해적행위 대응에서 협력하는 방법은? 이러한 노력들을 한국의 NSP에 통합하는 방법은? 본 논문은 상기 질문에 답하기 위해, 아세안 및 한국의 해적행위 대응 접근법에 관한 심층적인 사례연구를 수행하여 구체적인 협력 메커니즘을 식별한다. I장에서는 NSP의 전략적 중요성을 개관하고, "평화" 축을 평가한다. II장에서는 "평화" 축이 약했던 원인과 그 처방들을 검토한다. III장에서는 아세안 및 한국의 해적행위 대응접근법을 조사한다. 본 논문은 전체적인 프레임워크와 지역별 사례들을 분석함으로써, 지역별 해적행위 대응의 장단점을 제시한다. 이러한 분석을 기초로, IV장에서는 해적행위 대응 협력을 NSP의 "평화" 축에 통합하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 연구의 의의는, 한국 NSP의 "평화" 축을 강화하기 위한 구체적인 협력 분야(해적행위대응)를 식별했다는 것에 있다. 두 당사자의 해적행위 대응 분야 과거 및 현재 경험에 관한 종합연구를 기초로 이를 식별함으로써, 맥락에 부합하도록 한다. 또한, 본 연구는 현실적인 협력 메커니즘을 제안하고, 기존 NSP 프레임워크에 그것을 통합하는 방법을 고찰한다. 이러한 접근법은 사례 특정적인, 정책 지향적 해법을 도출하지 못한 기존 문헌들과는 다르다. COVID-19 팬데믹으로 해적행위 문제는 악화되었고, 지정학적 갈등은 심화되었다. 이렇게 험한 바다는 조심스럽게 헤쳐나가야 한다. "평화" 증진의 열쇠는 이런 바다의 해적들을 퇴치하는 것에 있다.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.195-218
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• 2011

현재 동아시아에서는 경제통합을 둘러싼 논의가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 1997년 발생한 동아시아 통화위기는 역내에서 제도적인 협력체 형성을 위한 논의를 본격화 시키는 계기를 마련하였다. 이후 ASEAN+3 정상회의가 정례화 됨으로써 지역경제협력 및 경제통합 논의가 시작되었다. 또한, 동아시아에서는 역내외 다국적기업이 직접투자를 통해 생산공정을 역내 산업집적지에 분산(fragmentation)시키는 공정간 분업체제가 국제적 생산·유통네트워크를 구축함으로서 경제통합을 가속화시키는 역할을 하고 있다. 이러한 역내 네트워크는 각국·지역간 FTA체결을 통해 강화되었고 경제관계의 심화로 연결되고 있다. 그러나 동아시아는 지역 내 경제격차, 문화의 다양성과 사회·정치제도의 차이, 역사적 화해 등 산적한 문제를 가지고 있어 경제공동체 구성의 앞날이 순탄하지 못할 것이 예상되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 동아시아 지역협력강화 현황을 살펴보고 EU의 경제통합 성공사례의 시사점을 통해 동아시아 경제공동체 형성의 가능성과 구성의 논점을 고찰한다.

• 수완나부미
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.27-59
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• 2022

During the past two decades, the Southeast Asian region has experienced a range of major crises. Service industries such as tourism and the marginal and migrant laborers who work in them have usually been at the sharp end of these testing events, from natural and environmental disasters, epidemics and pandemics, global financial slumps, terrorism, and political conflict. The latest challenge is the "Novel Coronavirus" (Covid-19/SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. It has already had serious consequences for Southeast Asia and its tourism development and these will continue for the foreseeable future. Since the SARS epidemic of 2002-2004, Southeast Asian economies have become integrated increasingly into those of East Asia (China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong). This paper examines one of the most significant current crises, Covid-19, and its consequences for Southeast Asia, its tourism industry, and its workers, comparing experiences across the region, and the issues raised by the over-dependence of some countries on East Asia. In research on crises, the main focus has been on dramatic, unpredictable natural disasters, and human-generated global economic downturns. Not so much attention has been devoted to disease and contagion, which has both natural and socio-cultural dimensions in origins and effects, and which, in the case of Covid-19, evoke a pre-crisis period of normality, a liminal transition or "meantime" and a post-crisis "new normality." The transition is not straightforward; in many countries, it operates as a set of serial lockdowns and restrictions, and to predict an uncertain future remains difficult.

• 수완나부미
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.157-186
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• 2015

Sittaung-Thanlwin region in Lower Myanmar is an ecological niche for human settlement. Evidences of human activities in the region are seen through various archaeological sites or settlements along the coastal area between the rivers Sittaung and Thanlwin (Salween). In Lower Myanmar, scholar, U Aung Myint, discovered one major site Kyaikkatha and other small scale sites, namely, Sittaung, Kawhtin, Kadaikgyi, Kadaikkalay, Katkadit, Kelatha (little Zothoke), Ayetthama, Winka, Zothoke (big Zothoke), Lagonbyi (Sampannago), Wagaru, Laming and Ye in present day Mon State. In 1980, U Aung Myint undertook an exploration program at Kyaikkatha. After the exploration, an excavation team conducted systematic digging at Kyaikkatha in March 1986. Excavation continued occasionally at Kyaikkatha throughout the years between 1995 and 2000. It is known that Kyaikkatha, the old city, reveals a kind of monumental civilization exposing four religious structures (a stupa and three monasteries). This essay looks into the distribution of features within Kyaikkatha and infers on its social, political, and religious organization. This essay is also about a new discovery of an early urban settlement located at the apex of the Gulf of Muttama (Martaban) where a lost city of Suvannahumi flourished in the ancient days. By means of aerial photographic observations, the site had been noticed recently, which was by followed some excavations. More systematic and detail surveying may be needed to know more about the site and its features for comparison to other similar settlements of through-out mainland South East Asia.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.333-359
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• 2013

Two mega-regional negotiations are changing the landscape of Asia Pacific trade policy: an Asian track centered on ASEAN (the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership or RCEP), and a Trans-Pacific track centered on the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) among 12 economies, including the United States, which Korea is expected to join. Modeling results suggest that both would generate substantial benefits for Korea and the global economy. From Korea's viewpoint, the agreements would establish new FTAs with China, Japan and smaller economies, improve the utilization of FTAs by permitting the regional cumulation of inputs, and help to upgrade some Korean FTAs to more rigorous standards. By participating in these agreements, Korea could also help to guide them toward inclusive, high-quality regional outcomes. As one of the region's most open and agile economies, Korea has a large stake in regional integration and would be well advised to pursue both tracks.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2014

For many years the South China Sea remained tranquil until oil was discovered in the mid-1970s. After that discovery, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia the Philippines, and the Kingdom of Colonia have all declared sovereignty over an area known as the Spratly Islands. Despite recent efforts by international organizations including the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) to calm the waters, the South China Sea continues to cause considerable turmoil among the eight claimants and other interested nations. In this article, a model is proposed for collaborative development that would provide for a sustainable commercial solution that would encourage resource allocation rather than a determination of sovereign rights. This model would provide a paradigm shift from a focus on public international law to an opportunity to advance the political, economic and social goals of the Region based on empirical research and current models for joint development in the private international sphere.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.177-202
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• 2003

Balassian Approach of regional economic integration has been mainly aimed at improving conditions for regional trade since 1960s. After the financial crises of the late 1990s, however, the theoretical approach to regional integration will have to be a different one as regionalism have to offer enhanced protection against crises. The aim of this paper, above all, is to provide a theoretical framework for the emerging new monetary regionalism. Regions that wish to strengthen their co-operation in monetary and financial affairs today have the option of monetary regionalism without trade agreement. East Asian region will become an increasingly important domain within which to explore enhanced protection against financial crises. And as Korea seems to play a crucial role in building regional integration among ASEAN＋3(Korea, China and Japan) countries, alternative policy for Korean economy to be the North-east Asian Economic Base need to be schemed on the basis of Balassian as well as monetary regionalism.

• 수완나부미
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.225-244
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• 2020

Area Studies, by definition, conjure ideas of emplaced knowledge; in-depth interdisciplinary understanding of language, history, culture and politics of a nation or region. Where detractors might see this approach as overly empirical, therefore precluding theoretical sophistication, others argue that "places" are either artificially constructed, or that processes of globalisation have obliterated the cultural zone. But what if we turn an ethnographic eye to those very processes and technologies themselves? Can Area Studies take to the air, and if so, what are the attendant challenges and benefits? Based on insights from ethnography amongst airline customer service workers, ground and cabin crews in Thailand and Myanmar, this research examines the airline cabin as a field for ethnographic study, and as an emplaced site for political and cultural processes. With participant observation-based knowledge of Southeast Asian cabin crews, this paper examines the 1990 hijack of Thai Airways TG 305 from an emplaced cultural perspective.

• 수완나부미
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.111-130
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• 2020

This paper introduces the different Southeast Asian Studies academic programs of three universities in northeast Asia namely: Peking University (China); Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (Japan); and Busan University of Foreign Studies (Korea). This study mainly focuses on the Philippines as part of Southeast Asian studies program in the said universities. The researcher utilized archival work related to the Southeast Asian studies programs of each university. The study also examined the curriculum of the program, background of faculty, and motivations of students in studying Southeast Asian studies by conducting interviews and surveys. Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) Analysis was employed by the researcher in analyzing the data from the different universities. Finally, in mapping out the teaching of Filipino language and Philippine-related subjects, this paper argued that Northeast Asian universities established a Southeast Asian Studies focused on Philippines because of various socio-economic-political factors, and not only because of the Filipino diaspora in the region.