• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2013

Objectives : This article is a study on to which categories of modern diseases blood stasis patterns are assigned and the meaning of blood stasis interpreted with perspectives of Korean Medicine and modern medicine. Methods : We reviewed "Neijing", "Shanghanlun", "Yilingaicuo", "Xuezhenglun" and other books and modern clinical papers related with blood stasis. Results : 1. Blood stasis patterns are related with disorders of hemorrheology, hemodynamics, platelet function, microcirculation, microelements and endothelial damage. 2. From the types of syndrome differentiation, diverse diseases classified in type of qi deficiency with blood stasis and type of blood stasis due to qi stagnation are reported, which reflects qi and blood are closely connected. And many diseases are classified in type of kidney deficiency with blood stasis, which has something in common with chronic diseases can achieve effect from treatment considering blood stasis. 3. Diseases related with kidney involve menopausal disorder, mazoplasia, prostatitis, erectile dysfunction, chronic nephritis, renal calculus, osteoporosis and bursitis. Diseases related with heart involve coronary artery disease, arrhythmia and cerebral thrombosis. Diseases related with spleen involve gastritis, colonitis and digestive organ ulcer. Diseases related with liver involve hepatitis, hyperthyroidism and stroke. Diseases related with lung involve neurodermatitis, bronchitis and paranasal sinusitis. Conclusions : Blood stasis pattern which is one of the areas to draw medicine's attention has broad clinical application.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.331-337
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• 2004

Cardiac neurotransmission imaging allows in vivo assessment of presynaptic reuptake, neurotransmitter storage and postsynaptic receptors. Among the various neurotransmitter, I-123 MIBG is most available and relatively well-established. Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is an analogue of the false neurotransmitter guanethidine. It is taken up to adrenergic neurons by uptake-1 mechanism as same as norepinephrine. As tagged with I-123, it can be used to image sympathetic function in various organs including heart with planar or SPECT techniques. I-123 MIBG imaging has a unique advantage to evaluate myocardial neuronal activity in which the heart has no significant structural abnormality or even no functional derangement measured with other conventional examination. In patients with cardiomyopathy and heart failure, this imaging has most sensitive technique to predict prognosis and treatment response of betablocker or ACE inhibitor. In diabetic patients, it allow very early detection of autonomic neuropathy. In patients with dangerous arrhythmia such as ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, MIBG imaging may be only an abnormal result among various exams. In patients with ischemic heart disease, sympathetic derangement may be used as the method of risk stratification. In heart transplanted patients, sympathetic reinnervation is well evaluated. Adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity is detected earlier than ventricular dysfunction with sympathetic dysfunction. Neurodegenerative disorder such as Parkinson's disease or dementia with Lewy bodies has also cardiac sympathetic dysfunction. Noninvasive assessment of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity with I-123 MIBG imaging nay be improve understanding of the pathophysiology of cardiac disease and make a contribution to predict survival and therapy efficacy.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.205-214
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• 2020

With the recent development of hardware and software technology, interest in the development of wearable devices is increasing. In particular, wearable devices require algorithms suitable for low-power and low-capacity embedded devices. Among them, there is an increasing demand for a signal compression algorithm that reduces communication overhead, in order to increase the efficiency of storage and transmission of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals requiring long-time measurement. Because normal beats occupy most of the signal with similar shapes, a high rate of signal compression is possible if normal beats are represented by a template. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for determining the normal beat template using the template cluster and Pearson similarity. Also, the template is expressed effectively as a few vertices through linear approximation algorithm. In experiment of Datum 234 of MIT-BIH arrhythmia database (MIT-BIH ADB) provided by Physionet, a compression ratio was 33.44:1, and an average distribution of root mean square error (RMSE) was 1.55%.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.52-54
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• 2006

Datura stramonium is a wild growing plant, consumption of which can result in severe toxicity. It contains a variety alkaloids include atropine, hyoscamine, and scopolamine that can all cause anticholonergic poisoning. It has been use of herb medicine in Korea. Side effects from ingesting Datura stramonium include dry mouth, blurred vision, photophobia, and may be followed by hyperthermia, confusion, agitation, hallucination, and aggressive behavior. In severe toxicity, it can cause seizure, coma, life-threatening arrhythmia, and death. We experienced one patient who developed stupor mentality caused by Datura stramonium. Severe presentation, especially mental change of Datura stramonium should draw attention. Poisoning associated with Datura stramonium can be prevented through educational public health program.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1346-1353
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• 1992

From Febrary 1984 to July 1992, 138 cases of multiple valve replacements were performed at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University. There were 81 females and 57 males, and their ages ranged from 19 to 60 years [mean age, 40.1$\pm$10.9 years]. Thirteen of these patients had undergone previous cardiovascular procedures, with an average of 76.3 months between procedures[range, 3 to 180 months]. Mitral and aortic valve replacement were done in 135 patients, 2 underwent triple valve replacement and 1 underwent mitral and tricuspid valve replacement. Associated procedures were necessary in 20 patients[14.5%]. The operative mortality was 5.8% and the most common cause was low cardiac output. Late follow-up of 83% has been accomplished in 130 early survivors, with a late mortality of 5.9%. The late mortality was due to valve thrombosis in 2 patients, cerebral infarction in 1, heart failure in 1, arrhythmia in 1, and bleeding in l. Of those patients who survived, New York Heart Association functional class improved significantly[from 70% class III and IV before to 88% class I and II after]. Actuarial survival rate including all deaths was 88.8% at 8 years. The follow-up studies revealed that thromboembolism, reoperation and bleeding rate were 1.2%/patient-year, 0.85% /patient-year and 0.57%/patient-year at 8 years postoperatively. We concluded that valve thrombosis, embolism, and anticoagulant-related hemorrhage were the main risk factors of longterm survival of patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 1989

Forty two patients with chronic constrictive pericarditis, who were admitted to the Yonsei University College of medicine over a period of 18 years from January, 1970 to August, 1988, were analyzed retrospectively. Mean age of the patient was 33.5 year ranging from 6.8 to 60 years old. Male to female ratio was 1.3 to 1. Twenty-one cases [50%] were tuberculous origin [based on either associated pulmonary tuberculosis and/or caseous necrosis in thickened pericardial specimen] and 17 cases [40.5%] were idiopathic [non specific chronic inflammatory change was considered to be idiopathic]. Dyspnea on exertion was evident in 30 cases [71.4%] and abdominal distention in 21 cases [50%]. On physical examination, hepatomegaly [83.3%], neck vein distention [54.8%], distant heart sound [47.6%] and ascites were found. Thirty-nine patients showed low voltage of QRS and/or T wave flattening or inversion on EKG. Thirty-one cases had undergone cardiac catheterization which showed data compatible with chronic constrictive pericarditis. Midsternostomy group [n=15] had shown the most remarkable CVP decline [12.20 mmHg] as compared with bilateral submammary incision group [n=25, 8.96 mmHg] and left thoracotomy group [n=2, 7.75 mmHg] but difference was not significant statistically There was four early death among 42 patients [9.5%] including 3 cases of left ventricular failure and one cardiac tamponade. Main postoperative complications were wound infection [6 cases] and arrhythmia [3 cases]. Follow-up of 24 patients [mean; 55.3 months, ranging from 2 months to 155 months] revealed good functional status.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.95-105
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• 1989

The records of 248 patients over 16 years of age who had undergone a surgical correction of a congenital cardiovascular malformation during the period of 10 years from August, 1978 to July, 1988 were reviewed. During this period, the incidence of congenital cardiovascular malformation in adult was 18.2% of 1376 total heart disease operated on and 25.5% of 986 congenital heart defects. Among them, there were 200 patients in acyanotic group and 48 patients in cyanotic group. Male versus female ratio was 1:1.28. The oldest patient was 59 years old female who had atrial septal defect. The mean age was 24.4 years old. The distribution of the lesions showed a large preponderance of atrial septal defects [37.19o] followed in frequency by ventricular septal defects [918.1%], patent ductus arteriosus [17.3%], tetralogy of Fallot [16.1%], and a variety of other complex malformations[3.2%]. In the pediatric age group, relative frequency was different from that of this adult group, showing ventricular septal defects, tetralogy of Fallot, patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defects in order of incidence. The hospital mortality and late mortality were 6.0% and 1.7% respectively. The causes of hospital death were low cardiac output in 10 patients, arrhythmia in 2, air embolism in 1, sepsis in 1 and respiratory failure in l. Clinical improvement upto NYHA functional class I or II postoperatively has been achieved and sustained in all patients following repair except the patients of late death and receiving reoperation. This result confirms that congenital heart defects in the adults can be corrected with a good outcome and an aggressive operative approach seems justified.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.6 s.263
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• pp.486-489
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• 2006

A 16 year-old boy was admitted to our department because of mild chest discomfort and mild dyspnea. A mass involving posterior wall of the left ventricle near posterior mitral annulus was found on echocardiography and cardiac MRI. Total excision of the mass was performed via posterior ventriculotomy under the cardiopulmonary bypass. The pathologic diagnosis revealed mature cardiac myocyte hamartoma. There was no evidence of arrhythmia and tumor recurrence during the 1 year of follow up after the surgery.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.26
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• pp.21-30
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• 2007

ECG is included in certain medical examinations of insurance application, ECG has low specificity and sensitivity. So ECG is not usually used to diagnose specific diseases. But, ECG is not invasive and costs low. So ECG is usually used in underwriting. Actually in underwriting we meet various ECG patterns and diagnosises. Understanding of various ECG patterns is different between insurance medicine and clinical medicine. So We have to learn various ECG patterns and effects on mortality and morbidity. First considerations of ECG readings are age, sex, blood pressure, family history, smoking historyalcohol history and hyperlipidemia. These are predictors for possibility of disease. Also it is important to review recording ECG with proper skill. In this review I consider several ECG diagnosises that we meet frequently, which is, LVH, RVH, ST abnormalities, LBBS, RBBB, A-B blocks, several kinds of arrhythmia. We have to consider long term mortalities and morbidities of specific ECG patterns although applicants have no symptom and sign. And then we have to make underwriting manual according to specific ECG diagnosises and patterns and underwrite precisely ECG patterns according to insurance products. Nowadays coronary heart disease and other heart diseases are increasing in Korea. So we have to learn various ECG patterns and research mortalities and morbidities of abnormal ECG patterns. Also we have to apply to more broad, precise underwriting skills about ECG patterns and diagnosises.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.467-472
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• 2005

ECG signals are recorded for diagnostic purposes in many clinical situations. Also, In order to permit good clinical interpretation, data is needed at high resolutions and sampling rates. Therefore In this paper, we designed to compression structure using multiple wavelet basis function(SWBF) and compared to single wavelet basis function(SWBF) and discrete cosine transform(DCT). For experience objectivity, Simulation was performed using the arrhythmia data with sampling frequency 360Hz, resolution lIbit at MIT-BIH database. An estimate of performance estimate evaluate the reconstruction error. Consequently compression structure using MWBF has high performance result.