• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.178-186
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• 2020

Background: Cognitive impairment is a public health burden. Our objective was to investigate associations between work hours and cognitive function. Methods: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants (n = 2,497; 50.7% men; age range 44-84 years) reported hours per week worked in all jobs in Exams 1 (2000-2002), 2 (2002-2004), 3 (2004-2005), and 5 (2010-2011). Cognitive function was assessed (Exam 5) using the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (version 2), a measure of global cognitive functioning; the Digit Symbol Coding, a measure of processing speed; and the Digit Span test, a measure of attention and working memory. We used a prospective approach and linear regression to assess associations for every 10 hours of work. Results: Among all participants, associations of hours worked with cognitive function of any type were not statistically significant. In occupation-stratified analyses (interaction p = 0.051), longer work hours were associated with poorer global cognitive function among Sales/Office and blue-collar workers, after adjustment for age, sex, physical activity, body mass index, race/ethnicity, educational level, annual income, history of heart attack, diabetes, apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 allele (ApoE4) status, birth-place, number of years in the United States, language spoken at MESA Exam 1, and work hours at Exam 5 (β = -0.55, 95% CI = -0.99, -0.09) and (β = -0.80, -1.51, -0.09), respectively. In occupation-stratified analyses (interaction p = 0.040), we also observed an inverse association with processing speed among blue-collar workers (adjusted β = -0.80, -1.52, -0.07). Sex, race/ethnicity, and ApoE4 did not significantly modify associations between work hours and cognitive function. Conclusion: Weak inverse associations were observed between work hours and cognitive function among Sales/Office and blue-collar workers.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제32권1호통권90호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2002

개방교합 경향을 갖고 있으나 보상작용 등에 의해 전치부 개방교합을 보이지 않는 성인 여성환자들의 보상양태를 관찰하여 진단 및 치료계획 수립에 도움을 주고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 피개교합 심도지수(ODI)가 66이하이며 전치부 개방교합을 나타내는 증례(50명)를 대조군으로, 피개교합 심도지수(ODI)가 66이하이나 보상작용에 의하여 전치부 개방교합을 보이지 않는 증례(55명)를 실험군으로 하였다. 대조군과 실험군의 평균연령은 각각 23.88 ${\pm}$ 4.53세와 24.7 ${\pm}$ 6.20세이었다. 측모두부방사선 사진을 촬영하였으며 두 군간의 형태학적 차이를 비교하기 위해 41개 항목에 대한계측 및 통계학적인 분석을 시행하였다. 계측항목 중 lower face height, N-Me, ANS-Me, ANS-Me/N-Me ratio, Mx1-SN, Mx1-FH, Mx1-NA(mm), Mx1-APo, PP to Mx6, Mn1-NB(degree), Mn1-NB(mm)에서 통계학적인 유의차가 나타났다. 실험군에서는 감소된 lower face height N-Me, ANS-Me, ANS-Me/N-Me ratio와 상하악전치의 설측 경사 및 후퇴, 대조군에서는 상악 구치의 과맹출이 관찰되었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.182-187
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• 2019

본 연구는 슈퍼홍미 미강 추출물이 폐경 후 갱년기 증상에 및 대사 개선 효과를 확인하고자 수행되었다. 무월경이 지속된 지 5년 미만의 여성을 대상으로 12주동안 진행되었으며 위약대조군 15명, 실험군 15명으로 배정하였고, 1일 2개의 캡슐을 섭취하도록 하였다(슈퍼홍미 미강추출물 700 mg/day). 시험 종료 후 슈퍼홍미 미강 추출물 섭취군의 체중과 BMI 그리고 중성지질과 및 총콜레스테롤은 수준이 유의하게 감소하였다. 혈중 HDL 콜레스테롤과 ApoA1 농도는 약 10% 증가하여 지질대사 개선에 효과를 기대할 수 있었다. 항당뇨과 관련된 지표 중 혈중 glucose와 인슐린이 유의하게 감소하여 인슐린 저항성 지표인 HOMA-IR이 감소한 것을 확인할 수 있었고, 아디포넥틴 수준이 유의하게 증가하였으며, $TNF-{\alpha}$는 슈퍼홍미 미강 추출물 섭취군에서 투여 전보다 유의하게 감소하여 폐경 이후 당질대사 개선에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 항산화활성 분석 결과 SOD1, GSH 그리고 TBARS 수준이 실험군에서 감소하였으며, AOPP 는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 여성호르몬 중 $17{\beta}-estradiol$과 progesterone 농도는 위약대조군에서 유의하게 감소하였으나 실험군은 섭취기간동안 호로몬 농도를 유지한 것으로 나타나 대조군에 비해 높은 수준을 나타났다. 폐경을 겪은 여성들은 여성호르몬 저하로 인해 갱년기 증상 및 대사증후군 발병 가능성이 증가하는데 슈퍼홍미 미강과 같은 기능성 식품 섭취로 대사증후군 위험인자들에 대한 호전이 높을 것이라 보고 이러한 연구 결과는 갱년기 여성 건강에 시사하는 바가 크다고 생각된다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2023

유사한 소프트웨어는 기존 산출물을 복제하고 수정하는 클론-앤-오운(clone-and-own, CAO) 방법으로 개발되곤 한다. 그러나 클론-앤-오운 방법은 복제된 제품의 수가 늘면서 유지보수를 어렵게 만들기 때문에 나쁜 프랙티스로 간주된다. 소프트웨어 제품라인 공학은 체계적인 재사용을 통해 소프트웨어 제품군을 개발하는 방법으로 클론-앤-오운 방법의 문제를 해결할 수 있다. CAO 방식으로 개발되어 온 제품패밀리를 제품라인 공학으로 마이그레이션하는 작업은 여러 소프트웨어 제품에서 클로닝된 부분들을 찾아 통합하고 재사용 가능한 자산으로 구축하는 것으로부터 시작된다. 그러나 클로닝이 디렉토리부터 코드 라인까지 다양한 수준에서 발생하고 그 과정에서 이들의 구조에 변경이 일어날 수 있어 단순하게 클로닝을 찾아내는 것만으로는 고품질의 제품라인 코드베이스를 구축하기 어렵다. 성공적인 마이그레이션을 위해서는 소스 코드들 사이의 클로닝 관계를 찾는 것 이외에도 소스 코드들의 파일 경로와 클래스 이름, 메소드 시그니처 등의 동일성을 확보는 작업이 선행되어야 한다. 이에 본 연구는 CAO 기반으로 개발된 제품들로부터 마이그레이션 대상 제품들을 선정한 후 제품들에 흩어져 있는 유사 코드 집합을 검출하여 메소드 경로의 통일이 필요한 대상을 식별하는 클러스터링 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법의 효과를 보이기 위해 CAO 방식으로 진화해온 ApoGames 제품군에 제안 방법을 적용하여 실험을 진행하였다. 그 결과, 전처리 없이 수행된 파일의 상대 경로 기반 클러스터링 방법의 평균 정밀도는 0.91이며 식별된 공통 클러스터의 개수는 0개인 반면에 이 논문에서 제안하는 전처리와 함께 수행된 메소드 시그니처 기반 클러스터링 방법의 평균 정밀도는 0.98로 개선되었으며 식별된 공통 클러스터는 최대 15개까지 증가하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1672-1677
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• 2008

IscR (iron-sulfur cluster regulator) has been reported to be a repressor of the iscRSUA operon, and in vitro transcription reactions have revealed that IscR has a repressive effect on the iscR promoter in the case of [$Fe_{2}S_{2}$] cluster loading. In the present study, the iscR gene from A. ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 was cloned and successfully expressed in Escherichia coli, and then purified by one-step affinity chromatography to homogeneity. The molecular mass of the IscR was 18 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The optical and EPR spectra results for the recombinant IscR confirmed that an iron-sulfur cluster was correctly inserted into the active site of the protein. However, no [$Fe_{2}S_{2}$] cluster was assembled in apoIscR with ferrous iron and sulfide in vitro. Therefore, the [$Fe_{2}S_{2}$] cluster assembly in IscR in vivo would appear to require scaffold proteins and follow the Isc "AUS" pathway.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-atherosclerotic effects of 4 herbal formulas for Sasang constitutional medicine (Yeoldahanso-tang: YDHST, Yanggyeoksanhwa-tang: YGSHT, Cheongsimyeonja-tang: CSYJT and Taeeumjowi-tang: TEJWT). Methods : The antioxidant activities of herbal formulas were studied by measuring free radical scavenging activities on ABTS and DPPH. The inhibitory effects on LDL oxidation was evaluated by the formation of TBARS, REM and fragmentation of apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB). Effects of herbal formulas on macrophage lipid accumulation were determined in native LDL and LPS co-incubated macrophages using Oil Red O staining. Results : The scavenging activities on ABTS and DPPH of herbal formulas were increased in dose-dependent manner (YDHST>YGSHT>CSYJT>TEJWT). Herbal formulas reduced the oxidation properties of LDL induced by $CuSO_4$. YDHST, YGSHT and CSYJT showed strong suppressive effect on LDL oxidation than TEJWT. In addition, YDHST, YGSHT and CSYJT significantly inhibited foam cell formation in LDL/LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that YDHST, YGSHT and CSYJT have potentials on anti-atherosclerosis by antioxidative effect and suppressive effect on LDL oxidation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2011

A study was conducted to determine the relationships between triacylglycerol (TAG) of plasma, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and fat deposition in two different breeds of chickens. The VLDL apolipoproteins of both breeds were also characterised. The breeds used were crossbred village chicken (AK) (Sasso crossed) and commercial broiler (CB) (Avian). They were housed in six pens with 30 female and 30 male birds of each breed per pen. Three male and three female birds from each pen were slaughtered and the blood was collected. The VLDL was isolated and sub-fractionated using Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC). VLDL TAG of CB was significantly lower than AK. The particle size was negatively correlated with VLDL TAG and positively correlated with abdominal fat. Sub-fraction 2 contained more apo E that will enhance the lipolysis process of the VLDL TAG than subfraction 1. CB had a higher proportion of sub-fraction 2 than AK. The results showed that the proportion of sub-fraction 2 was negatively correlated with VLDL TAG concentration and positively correlated with abdominal fat.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.372.1-372.1
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• 2016

Recently, there are a lot of diseases all around the world. Out of them, Atherosclerosis (AS) is the most common cause of stroke, cardiovascular mortality, and myocardial infarction. The macrophage-derived foam cell, which is formed by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), is the crucial marker for AS. In this study, we report a label-free capacitance imaging technique with multi-electrode array (MEA). The lipid-rich aorta arch lesions, which are derived from an apolipoprotein-E receptor-deficient (apoE-/-) mouse, exhibit higher capacitance than the lipid-free aorta arch, allowing the capacitance imaging of lipid region in atherosclerosis. To improve the contacts between MEA and tissue, polypyrrole(PPy)-coated multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) multi electrode array (PPy-MWNTs-MEA) was fabricated. Compared to TiN-MEA, PPy-MWNTs-MEA yielded lower contact impedance and better capacitance images. In addition, we have also developed a flexible MEA using single walled carbon nanotubes on a PET substrate. The lipid region could be discriminated in the capacitance images of the lipid-rich aorta arch lesions measured using flexible MEA, demonstrating a feasibility of in vivo applications.

• 한국생물정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물정보시스템생물학회 2005년도 BIOINFO 2005
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• pp.51-56
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• 2005

There are many sources of systematic variations in cDNA microarray experiments which affect the measured gene expression levels like differences in labeling efficiency between the two fluorescent dyes. Print-tip lowess normalization is used in situations where dye biases can depend on spot overall intensity and/or spatial location within the array. However, print-tip lowess normalization performs poorly in situation where error variability for each gene is heterogeneous over intensity ranges. We proposed the new print-tip normalization methods based on support vector machine regression(SVMR) and support vector machine quantile regression(SVMQR). SVMQR was derived by employing the basic principle of support vector machine (SVM) for the estimation of the linear and nonlinear quantile regressions. We applied our proposed methods to previous cDNA micro array data of apolipoprotein-AI-knockout (apoAI-KO) mice, diet-induced obese mice, and genistein-fed obese mice. From our statistical analysis, we found that the proposed methods perform better than the existing print-tip lowess normalization method.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제17권
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• pp.289-292
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• 2001

Gene targeting allows precise, predetermined changes to be made in a chosen gene in the mouse genome. To date, targeting has been used most often for generation of animals completely lacking the product of a gene of interest. Models of essential hypertension have been produced by mutated genes relating renin angiotensin system. The most significant contribution to understanding the genetic etiology of essential hypertension is probably the demonstration that discrete alterations in the expression of a variety of different genes can individually cause changes in the blood pressures of mice, even when the mice have all their compensatory mechanisms intact. These effects are readily detected in animals having moderate decreases in gene function due to heterozygosity for gene disruptions or modest increases due to gene duplication. As a species the mouse is highly resistant to atherosclerosis. However. through induced mutations it has been possible to develop lines oj mice that are deficient in apolipoprotein E, a ligand important in lipoprotein clearance, develop atherosclerotic lesions resembling those observed in humans. The atherosclerotic lesions in apoE-deficient mice have been well characterized, and they resemble human lesions in their sites of predilection and progression to the fibroproliferative stage. Other promising models are mice that are deficient in the low-density lipoprotein receptor. Considerable work still remains to be done in dissecting out in a rigorous manner the effects of alterations in single genes on the induction or progression of atherosclerosis and on the control of blood pressures. Perhaps even more exciting is the opportunity now becoming available to breed animals in which the effects oj precise differences in more than one gene can be studied in combination.