• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.51-60
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• 2020

Optical character recognition (OCR) has been studied for decades because it is very useful in a variety of places. Nowadays, OCR's performance has improved significantly due to outstanding deep learning technology. Thus, there is an increasing demand for commercial-grade but affordable OCR systems. We have developed a low-cost, high-performance OCR system for the industry with the cheapest embedded developer kit that supports GPU acceleration. To achieve high accuracy for industrial use on limited computing resources, we chose a state-of-the-art text recognition algorithm that uses an end-to-end deep learning network as a baseline model. The model was then improved by replacing the feature extraction network with the best one suited to our conditions. Among the various candidate networks, EfficientNet-B3 has shown the best performance: excellent recognition accuracy with relatively low memory consumption. Besides, we have optimized the model written in TensorFlow's Python API using TensorFlow-TensorRT integration and TensorFlow's C++ API, respectively.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2006

YNB54 strain which shows inhibitory activities specific to the plant pathogenic Phytophthora sp. on potato dextrose agar medium was screened among lots of strains isolated from Korean soils. To identify taxonomy of the Phytophthora specific antagonistic bacteria YNB54, 165 rDNA sequence, MIDI fatty acid composition, DNA-DNA hybridization, GC content, and commercial multitest systems such as API 20E and Biolog GN were performed. Results of commercial kits including lots of biochemical and physiological reactions showed that this strain was closely related to taxa including Enterobacter cloacae and Enterobacter cancerogenus species than other genera(Citerobacter Klebsiella, Leclercia). Also, analysis of its MIDI, G+C contents, and DNA-DNA hybridization suggests that this strain was more similiar to the Genus Enterobacter than other genera (Citerobacter Klebsiella, Leclercia). This strain was potentially identified as Enterobacter sp. by these results. But our 16S ribosomal DNA sequences (rDNA) analysis confirmed that it was more closely related to the cluster of Citerobacter freundii ATCC 29935 than any other Enterobacter species. In the absence of defined phylogenetic critia for delineating genera, the results observed with Citrobacter and Enterobacter species suggest that further studies are needed to clarify their relationships. This investigation demonstrates that YNB54 strain is genetically diverse and potentially more taxonomically complex than hitherto realized. Further study is necessary to confirm their taxonomic positions.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2014

Hydrolase activities of excretory-secretory products (ESP) and somatic extracts (SE) from Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.s.) and Anisakis pegreffii larvae were investigated by using API ZYM kit. In esterase group, acid phosphatase showed high activity from both of A. simplex (s.s.) and A. pegreffii. Esterase (C4) showed activity only from SE and A. simplex (s.s.) showed higher activity than A. pegreffii. Alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase showed higher activity in 3rd stage larvae than in 4th stage larvae of both species. In aminopeptidase group, only leucine arylamidase showed remarkable activity in SE of both anisakid species, and A. simplex (s.s.) SE showed higher activity than A. pegreffii SE. In glycosidase group, N-acetyl-${\beta}$-glucosaminidase, ${\alpha}$-mannosidase, ${\alpha}$-fucosidase showed higher activity in A. simplex (s.s.) than A. pegreffii, and 4th larvae showed higher activity than 3rd larvae. These differences in hydrolase activity of anisakid nematodes larvae are thought to be due to different metabolism such as growth, moulting, digestion and feeding.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.101-105
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• 2008

Enterobacter sakazakii is implicated in severe forms of neonatal infections such as meningitis and sepsis. This organism has been isolated from a wide range of foods, including cheese, vegetables, grains, herbs, and spices, but its primary environment is still unknown. Generally, dried infant milk formula has been epidemiologically identified as the source of E. sakazakii. Sunsik (a powdered mixture of roasted grains and other foodstuffs) is widely consumed in Korea as a side dish or energy supplement. Sunsik is consumed without heat treatment; thus, lacking an additional opportunity to inactivate foodborne pathogens. Therefore, its microbiological safety should be guaranteed. In this study, the prevalence of E. sakazakii was monitored in 23 different sunsik component flours, using FDA recommended methods; but E. sakazakii medium (Neogen) and Chromogenic E. sakazakii medium (Oxoid) were used as the selective media. In total, presumptive E. sakazakii strains were isolated from 8 different sunsik powders. Subsequently, an API 20E test was conducted, and 15 strains from 5 different sunsik flours (sea tangle, brown rice, non-glutinous rice, cheonggukjang, dried anchovy) were confirmed as E. sakazakii. Fifteen strains were again confirmed by PCR amplification, using three different primer sets (tDNA sequence, ITS sequence, 16S rRNA sequence), and compared to ATCC strains (12868, 29004, 29544, 51329). They were once again confirmed by their enzyme production profiles using an API ZYM kit. Finally, RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA)-genotyping was carried out as a monitoring tool to determine the contamination route of E. sakazakii during processing.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.882-885
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• 2001

The cells of Lactobacillus plantarum MY4 isolated from the human feces were treated for 24 h in artificial bile after incubation for 2 h in artificial gastric juice and final number of the strain was reached to around $3.1{\times}10^8$ CFU/ml. In test of API ZYM kit, ${\beta}$-glucuronidase or ${\beta}$-glucosidase were not produced by L. plantarum MY4. However, ${\beta}$-galactosidase were weakly produced by it, which they would be alleviated the lactose intolerance. L. plantarum MY4 were resistant to antibiotics such as nisin, tetracycline, streptomycin, rifamycin, doxycycline, roxithromycin, chloramphenicol, nystatin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin and gentamycin. L. plantarum MY4 was affected by alcohol concentration up to 8%, but more than 16%, their growth was not affected significantly. L. plantarum MY4 was shown to inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19111 completely within 24 h of incubation, which indicates its bactericidal nature. Thus, L plantarum MY4 show promise as a probiotic strain because of its characteristics.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.440-444
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• 2000

A 54-year-old male patient was admitted due to dyspnea with chest pain and reddish swelling in the right lteral neck and right upper which developed 2 or 3 days age. He was treated with acupuncture in the neck about one week ago prior to admission. CT scans of the chest showed density of air and abnormal soft tissue which suggested abscess of the anterior mediastinum and subcutaneous tissue. He underwent cervical and mediastinal drainage with closed thoracostomy and antibiotic therapy. Black-pigmente anaerobic nonspore-forming gram-negative bacilli were isolated from the mediastinal pus and were identified as Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens upon performing biochemical tests and API rapid ID 32A (bioMeriux, France) kit. He underwent decortication of the right side because of loculated empyema on 41st postoperative day. He was fully recovered and discharged on the 82nd hospital day. This was thought to be another case of descending necrotizing mediastinitis not caused by peritonsilar abscess but by cellulitis developed after acupuncture. Early deterction of mediastinits and aggressive drainage of mediastinal abscess are important.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.11b
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• pp.288-290
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• 2007

This paper presents a visualization application using 3D-graphics for effective maintenance of power equipment. The maintenance algorithm implemented in the application is based on Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) and Reliability -Centered Maintenance (RCM). The main frame of the developed application was made up based on Windows Application Programming Interface (API) and Microsoft Fundamental Classes (MFC). In order to develop the interactive 3D application, the WorldToolKit (WTK) library based on Open GL was used. Also Text-to-Speech (TTS) technology was used to enhance the efficiency of operators. The developed application can help the power system operators to intuitively recognize the present state and maintenance information of the equipment.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1013-1018
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• 2009

The identification and characterization of Bacillus polyfermenticus KJS-2 (B. polyfermenticus KJS-2) was conducted using TEM, an API 50CHB kit, 16S rDNA sequencing, a phylogenetic tree, and catalase and oxidase testing. The conversion rate of glucose to lactic acid by B. polyfermenticus KJS-2 was found to be $60.7{\pm}4.9%$. In addition, treatment of B. polyfermenticus KJS-2 with artificial gastric juice (pH 2.0) and bile acid (pH 6.5) for 4 h resulted in a final viability of $140{\pm}7.9%$ and $108{\pm}3.5%$, respectively. Finally, the results of adhesion experiments using Caco-2 cells revealed that the adherence of B. polyfermenticus KJS-2 to Caco-2 cells was approximately $65{\pm}0.6%$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.338-342
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 Kefir를 MRS선택배지에 도말하여 생장이 우수한 Lactobacillus sp. 최종 분리하였다. 분리된 Lactobacillus sp. 균은 API Kit의 당발효 시험과 16s RNA배열 분석으로부터 Lactobacillus rhamnosus로 동정되었다. Lactobacillus rhamnosus균주는 amylase와cellulase, xylanase 비활성이 0.673과 0.269, $0.288\;{\mu}mole/min/mg$으로 높은 활성을 보였다. 그리고, pH 2에서 65% 이상이 잔존하는 강한 pH내성과 1.0% 담즙산이 함유된 배지에서도 72% 생존하는 내담즙성을 나타냈으며, 열안정성도 비교적 뛰어난 것으로 확인되었다. 대장균에 Lactobacillus rhamnosus를 첨가하여 혼합배양시는 18시간이내에 대장균이 100% 사멸되었다. 이상의 결과로부터 분리된 Lactobacillus rhamnosus 균주는 probiotics 로서의 우수한 특성을 가진 것으로 확인되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.285-289
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• 2005

본 연구는 생균제로 이용할 수 있는 균주개발을 목적으로 돈분에서 성장능력과 내산성이 우수한 Candida sp. 를 분리하였고, API kit를 이용하여 동정하였을 때 Candida utilis로 확인되었다. Candida utilis는 cellulase, phytase활성이 높은 것으로 관찰되었으며, PDB배지에서 18시간 배양시 $6.5{\times}109\;cfu/ml$로 최대로 성장하는 것으로 나타났다. 또, pH 1.5에서도 약 22%의 미생물수($1.34{\times}107\;cfu/ml$)가 잔존하여, 내산성이 강한 것으로 나타났다. 또, $60^{\circ}C$이상의 고온에서는 사멸하였으나 정상적인 생체온도에서는 열 안전성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로부터 분리한 Candida utilis는 생균제 및 단세포단백질 생산에 충분히 이용가치가 있는 것으로 확인되었다.