• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.185-193
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• 2023

Objectives This study was conducted to find out the correlation between lumbar malposition and lumbar disc herniation. Methods Among the patients who visited Gwangju Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine from January 2019 to January 2021, taking 92 patients under age 60 who had the records of X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images as the research subjects, Cobb's angle was measured in anterior-posterior (AP) view and lateral (LAT) view, the number of displacements was scored by listing categories defined by The Korean Society of Chuna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves. The degree of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation was expressed as a percentage according to the method of Kato, etc., and the correlation between each factor was analyzed. Results AP curvature and MRI herniation index showed significant positive correlation in L4-L5 level but there was no significant difference in L5-S1 level. LAT curvature and MRI herniation index had no correlation in L4-L5 level, but there was a significant negative correlation in L5-S1 level. Malposition score and MRI herniation index had a significant positive correlation in L5-S1 level, whereas there was no correlation in L4-L5. Conclusions As a result of the study, AP curvature and MRI herniation index showed a significant positive tendency in L4-L5 lumbar spine, and LAT curvature and MRI herniation index showed a significant negative tendency in L5-S1 lumbar spine. Malposition score and MRI herniation index were found to have a significant positive tendency in L5-S1 lumbar spine.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.178-182
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• 2019

This study investigated the antibacterial effects of BioZone atmospheric plasma (AP) against Bacillus cereus (F4810/72) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) as the major foodborne bacteria on the surface of dried filefish (Stephanolepis cirrhifer) fillets. The fillets were experimentally contaminated with 7-8 log CFU/mL of B. cereus or S. aureus using a spot inoculation method. Bacterial counts were measured by standard plate method on tryptic soy agar, and were significantly reduced with the increase in the treatment time (1, 3, 5 or 20 min) of AP on the fillets (p < 0.05). The reductions of the pathogens by AP treatment ranged from 0.9 to 2.93 logCFU/g for B. cereus and from 1.04 to 2.55 logCFU/g for S. aureus. A reduction of >1-logCFU/g for B. cereus and S. aureus was observed on the fillets treated with AP for >3 min. The differences in color on the Hunter scale (L=light vs. dark, a=red vs. green, b=yellow vs. blue) of the fillets were not significantly different between the nontreated (control) and AP-treated fillets (p>0.05). This study suggested that 3 min of AP could be effective in reducing >90% of the bacteria without causing any concomitant changes in the color of the fillets.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.1 s.68
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• pp.55-60
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• 2005

The murine dopamine receptor regulating factor (DRRF) gene is transcribed from a TATA-less promoter that has several putative Sp1 binding sites. The present investigation identifies functional transcription factors that modulate the expression of this gene, In the $D_2-expressing$ NB41A3 cells, Spl potently activates transcription from the DRRF promoter in pCAT-DRRF-1153/+17, but DRRF effectively inhibits it. Deletion of the 31 bp fragment between -1153 and -1122 decreased transcription down to about $60\%$. This fragment contains a functional API binding site. In addition, deletion of the 129 bp region between -901 and -772 further decreased transcription. The latter region has a functional AP2 binding site. Using a DRRF_AP1 (bases -1153 to -1121) probe, a specific retarded band was observed, and the unlabeled AP1 consensus competitor could effectively compete away this retarded band. In addition, using a DRRF_AP2 (bases -873 to -846), a specific retarded band was observed, and the unlabeled AP2 consensus competitor could effectively compete away this retarded band. The present observations suggest that Spl and DRRF regulate the DRRF promoter and that both API and AP2 also modulate this gene.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.102-102
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• 2005

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.1153-1161
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• 2016

For prevention of moisture adsorption, the fermented red ginseng extract spherical granules were coated by using hydrophobic fractions. The hydrophobic parts were extracted from red ginseng such as the perfect soluble part in 90% ethanol (PSE) and non-soluble part in hot water (NSHW). The optimum operating conditions for making fermented red ginseng extract spherical granules coated with PSE were a feeding rate (FR) of 0.49 mL/min, atomization air pressure (AP) of 2.14 bar, and product temperature (PT) of $48.96^{\circ}C$., whereas conditions for granules coated with NSHW were a FR of 0.61 mL/min, AP of 2.75 bar, and PT of $46.30^{\circ}C$. The solubility of coated fermented red ginseng extract spherical granule was lower than that of not coated. The fermented red ginseng extract spherical granules coated with NSHW showed more preventative effects for moisture adsorption than those coated with PSE, although there were no differences in solubility and fluidity. In the sensory evaluation, granules coated with hydrophobic fractions extracted from red ginseng were shown to be bitterer and less soluble than those not coated spherical granules. In conclusion, fermented red ginseng extract spherical granules coated with hydrophobic extracts from red ginseng showed a preventative effect against moisture.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2022

This study aimed to determine the photosynthesis and growth characteristics of Peucedanum japonicum T. grown under aquaponics in a plant factory (AP) by comparing those grown under hydroponic cultivation system (HP). The AP system raised 30 fishes at a density of 10.6 kg·m^-3 in a 367.5 L tank, and at HP, nutrient solution was controlled with EC 1.3 dS·m^-1 and pH 6.5. The pH level ranged from 4.0 to 7.1 for the AP system and 4.0 to 7.4 for the HP system. The pH level in the AP began to decrease with an increase in nitrate nitrogen (NO₃-N) and lasted bellower than pH 5.5 for 15-67 DAT. It was found that ammonium nitrogen (NH₄-N) continued to increase even under low pH conditions. EC was maintained at 1.3 to 1.5 dS·m^-1 in both systems. The concentration of major mineral elements in the fish tank was higher than that of the hydroponics, except for K and Mg. There was no significant difference in the photosynthesis characteristics, but the PIABS parameters were 30.4% lower in the AP compared to the HP at the 34DAT and 12.0% lower at the 74DAT. There was no significant difference in the growth characteristics, but the petiole length was 56% longer in the leaf grown under the AP system. While there was no significant difference in the fresh and dry weights of leaf and root, the leaf area ratio was 36.43% higher in the AP system. All the integrated results suggest that aquaponics is a highly-sustainable farming to safely produce food by recycling agricultural by-products, and to produce Peucedanum japonicum as much as hydroponics under a proper fish density and pH level.

• BMB Reports
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 2001

The Fos-Jun heterodimers are part of the regulatory network of gene expression and nuclear proteins encoded by proto-oncogenes. The activation of Fos-Jun is important in the transmission of the tumor-promoting signal from the extracellular environment to the nuclear transcription mechanism. To search for the inhibitors of the Fos-Jun DNA complex formation, several natural products were screened and water-soluble paeoniflorin reduced the binding activity of the Fos-Jun heterodimer. This active compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC. The electrophoresis mobility shift assay and reverse-phase HPLC test showed that paeoniflorin reduced the AP-l function. The cytotoxic effect of paeoniflorin was observed in HL-60. These results indicate that paeoniflorin blocks the Fos-Jun heterodimer-binding site of the AP-l DNA and it also has cytotoxic effects on human leukemia cell lines.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1110-1117
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• 1993

The purpose of this was to analyse zinc intakes and effect of Zn(30mgZnSO4/day) supplementation on plasma zinc level, serum HDL-cholesterol and serum Alkaline Phosphatase (AP) activity of Korean adults. The men consumed 8.52($\pm$2.08)mg of zinc, and the women consumed 6.4($\pm$2.62)mg of zinc. Although protein intakes of subjects were lower than normal values. The first source of zinc was cereal and grain group, the second was meat, fish, egg and soybean group. Two food groups supplied about 80% of zinc. After two weeks of zinc supplementation, the zinc concentration in plasma was significantly increased. The highest plasma zinc level was 78.80ug/dl(men), 76.04ug/dl(women) at 2 weeks after zinc supplementation(p<0.05). Serum DHL-cholesterol was significantly decreased by zinc supplementation. The lowest serum HDL-cholesterol level was 39.29mg/dl(men), 44.84mg/dl(women) at 4 weeks after zinc supplementation(p<0.01). Serum AP activity was significantly increased by zinc supplementation. The highest AP activity was 86.40units/L(man), 67.93units/L(women) at 2 weeks after zinc supplementation(p<0.05). It seems that the supplementation of 30mg ZnSO4/day can be beneficial for improving zinc nutriture. However it can be negative factor on coronary heart disease because serum HDL-cholesterol was significantly decreased(p<0.01)

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.64-74
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• 2001

Objectives : The effects of aqueous extract of Backhapgogumtanggami-bang (BGTG, a newly devised herb medicine) on the induction of apoptotic cell death were investigated in human lymphoid origin leukemia cell lines, HL-60. Methods : Cells were treated with various concentrations and $400{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ BGTG for 12 hr. Genomic DNA was isolated and separated on 1.8% agarose gels. Lysates from the cells were used to measure the activity of caspase-2, -3, -8, and -9 protease by using fluorogenic peptide. Cells were preincubated with SB-203580 for 30 min. Nuclear protein from the cells was incubated with oliginucleotide probe of AP-l and NF-kB. Nuclear extracts from the cells were isolated and reacted with antibodies. Results : The viability of HL-60 cells were markedly decreased by BGTG extract in a dose- and time-dependent manner. BGTG extract induced the apoptotic death of HL-60 cells which was characterized by the DNA fragmentation. The activations of Caspase-2, 3, and 9 were induced by BGTG. However, selective inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways by SB-203580 did not affect the extent of BGTG extract-induced cell death. Furthermore, we observed the transient activations of transcriptional factors such as AP-l and NF-kB. Conclusions : These results suggest that BGTG extract induced apoptotic death of HL-60 cells and caspase activations as well as the modulation of transcriptional factors such as AP-1 and NF-kB.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.50-60
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• 2002

Objectives: Sunghyangjunggisan (SHJS) is a commonly prescribed drug with a wide neuropharmacological spectrum. The water extracts of SHJS were found to be protective against neurotoxicity elicited by deprivation of serum and glucose. Methods: The morphological examination and Hoechst staining of nucleus also clearly showed that the extracts attenuated the cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, representing typical neuronal apoptotic phenomena and nucleosome-sized fragmentation under the microscope in PC 12 rat pheochromocytoma cells. Results: Activation of protein kinase A (PKA) with dibutyl-cAMP and forskolin also protected during glucose deprivation, although it was not additive with the effect provided by phorbol ester. Interestingly, treatment with the protein kinase A inhibitor, KT5720, was not neuroprotective in the presence of SHJS. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays were used to characterize the neuroprotective binding of nuclear proteins to consensus sequences for AP-l, nuclear factor kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$) after glucose deprivation. When PC 12 cells are induced to undergo apoptosis by serum deprivation, AP-l and $NF-{\kappa}B$ DNA binding activity transiently increases to a slight degree. This stimulation is blocked by the water extracts of SHJS. The site of action of the drugs appeared to involve specific inhibition of AP-1 and nuclear factor kB binding activity. Conclusions: Taken together, these results suggested the possibility that the extracts of SHJS might provide a neurotrophic-like activity in PC 12 cells.