• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.73-87
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• 2003

This study was performed on 17 female dental hygienists to find an appropriate method to reduce the hygienists' body discomfort while scaling, and provide a foundation to educate them how 10 posture during the process. To assess the arm abduction, elbow flexion, neck flexion, trunk flexion and trunk lateral bending through Video 2D(two dimensional motion) analysis and assessing the risk through the Action level of RULA(rapid upper limb assessment) checklist, an ergonomic analysis method. Correlation analyses on the posture angles and on body discomfort were performed. ANOVA analysis on scaling treatment position and the scaling treatment region of patients was also performed. The results are as following. 1. 20 analysis while scaling, arm abduction was $40{\sim}79.9^{\circ}$, elbow flexion $20{\sim}110^{\circ}$, neck flexion $50{\sim}100^{\circ}$, trunk flexion $60{\sim}80^{\circ}$, and trunk lateral bending $5{\sim}19.9^{\circ}$. 2. The Action level of RULA was 2. 3 resulted from scores 4 and 5 of group A which includes upper arm, lower ann, wrist, and scores 2 and 4 of group B which includes neck, trunk, legs. It means that the scaling treatment posture causes a high incidence rate of musculoskeletal that an additional investigation and improvement should be followed without hesitation. 3. There were significant differences among the maxilla right, maxilla anterior, maxilla left, mandible left, mandible anterior, and mandible right of a patient of the right and left upper arm, lower arm, neck, trunk, group A, group B, final RULA score while scaling treatment. 4. There were significant differences among the time position of 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 of the right and left upper arm, lower arm, neck, trunk, group A, group B, final RULA score while scaling treatment, 5. As for the body discomfort, neck, right shoulder, left shoulder, right back, right wrist etc. were listed on top. As a conclusion, performing the time position of 12 which shows low right and left final RULA scores is better than the time position of 8 and 10 which show high final RULA scores to reduce the body discomfort while scaling treatment.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.545-556
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the sensibility image of necktie according to width and color combination of checked pattern. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The stimuli were 18 color pictures, in which the width(small: 0.2cm, medium: 1cm, large: 2cm), tone combination(similar, contrast), and hue combination(WR: white+red, WB: white+blue, WG: white+gray) were manipulated. The 7-point scale was used for evaluation of sensibility image. The subjects of this research were 216 female college students living in Gyeongnam. The investigation was carried out at September 2009. The data were analyzed by using SPSS program. Analysis methods were ANOVA and Duncan-test. The results of this study were as follows.; The analyses of sensibility for necktie according to width and color combination of checked pattern revealed that the concerned factors are five characteristic dimensions of attractiveness, youth, appeal, elegance, and warmness. Width showed an independent effect on appeal. Tone combination showed an independent effect on attractiveness, appeal, elegance, and warmness. Interaction effects of width and tone combination on attractiveness were found. Hue combination showed an independent effect on all dimensions. In addition, significant interaction effects of width and hue combination on attractiveness, youth, appeal, and elegance were found. Significant interaction effects of tone combination and hue combination on attractiveness, youth, and appeal were found.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.304-314
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• 2020

This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated the influence of romantic relationships' characteristics, self-esteem and sexual autonomy on limerence in dating relationships among female college students who had or were currently engaged in a dating relationship. The data was collected through self-reported structured questionnaires from 167 female Korean college students using convenient sampling methods from November 25, 2012 to December 20, 2012. The data was analyzed using t-tests, one-way analyses of variance, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression analysis with the IBM SPSS 23.0 program. The results showed that a significant difference was found in limerence according to the frequency of experiencing romantic breakup (F=4.16, p=.003), and limerence in dating relationships was negatively correlated with self-esteem (r=-.31, p<.001) and sexual autonomy (r=-.21, p=.006). Self-esteem and the frequency of romantic breakups explained 20% of limerence in dating relationships among the participants (F=8.03, p<.001). Therefore, as a strategy to solve the problems related to limerence during the period of dating, cognitive and educational interventions are needed to strengthen the self-esteem and sexual autonomy of college students who have had a high number of separations. In addition, early screening of college students with risk factors for limerence and providing problem-solving based counseling will help improve their psychological health.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.535-543
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• 2020

With the emergence of new infectious diseases and changes in the educational environment, the health problems of school-age students are increasing. Accordingly, the role of school health teachers is expanding and becoming more important. The study was to examine the effect of calling on school organizational commitment of school health nurses. Samples were a total of 143 school health nurses working in elementary, middle, and high schools, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea who understood the purpose of this study and voluntarily participated in the study. Measures were Calling and Vocation Questionnaire-Korea (CVQ-K) and organization commitmen questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. The analyses showed that the prediction model for school organizational commitment of school health nurses was significant (F=16.142, p<.001). The value of the adjusted R² was 0.307, which corresponds to the explanatory power of 30.7%. The factor that was found to have the most influence on school organizational commitment of school health nurses was purpose/meaning (β=.28, p=.011), followed by number of classes (β=-.20, p=.006). In order to improve the school organizational commitment of school health nurses, the purpose/meaning and the number of classes should be considered.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.506-516
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• 2018

This study was conducted to identify pain intensity and factors affecting pain intensity in patients with advanced cancer. Data were collected between June 1 and September 30, 2016 using a questionnaire. The sample size was 221 patients with advanced cancer who were admitted to the oncology department or who visited the outpatient of the general hospital. Data were evaluated by descriptive and Pearson's correlation analyses, one way ANOVA, t-tests and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The mean scores of pain intensity of cancer patients were 4.23 (${\pm}1.68$) based on the average daily pain intensity. Factors influencing pain intensity were illness perception (${\beta}=.27$, p<.001), pain opioid analgesics beliefs (${\beta}=.24$, p<.001), education (middle school, ${\beta}=.24$, p=.001), economic status (${\geq_-}400$, ${\beta}=.20$, p=.001), gender (female, ${\beta}=.14$, p=.017), pain management education (${\beta}=-.14$ p=.020) and diagnosis (Pancreatic Ca, ${\beta}=.14$, p=.020). It explained 28%. Overall, the results of this study revealed that illness perception and pain opioid analgesics beliefs were important factors influencing pain intensity, but that the most important influencing factor was illness perception. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop pain management strategies that include not only pain management knowledge and pain opioid analgesics beliefs, but also illness perception.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine prerequisite-program performance of the hospital foodservice operation and develop measures for improvement of prerequisite-program performance. Methods: Data were collected through surveys administered to 168 hospital dieticians in the Seoul, Incheon, Gyeonggi-do, Daegu, and North Gyeongsang areas. Out of total questionnaires, 65 questionnaires were usable and the response rate was 38.7%. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS program (ver 20.0) for ${\chi}^2-test$ and one-way ANOVA. Results: According to the result of the prerequisite-program evaluation, the percentage of 'appropriate', 'needs to be improved', and 'inappropriate' was 44.6%, 47.7%, and 7.7%, respectively. The score for the 'inappropriate' group was significantly lower than that of the 'appropriate' group or 'needs to be improved' group on the food safety management (p < 0.001), preparation facility management (p < 0.001), water management (p < 0.001), and storage transportation management (p < 0.05) parts. Holding rate of foodservice facility and equipments in the 'appropriate' group were significantly higher than in the others on convection oven (p < 0.01), air conditioner (p < 0.01), three-compartment sink (p < 0.01), hot-holding equipment (p < 0.01), cold-holding equipment (p < 0.05), exclusive thawing refrigerator (p < 0.05), and sterilizer for sanitary shoes (p < 0.05) items. Conclusion: To improve the quality of hospital foodservice, foodservice managers and HACCP specialists should develop and implement a prerequisite-program and a HACCP plan considering the characteristics of the hospital foodservice operation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.99-106
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• 2020

Though it has been known that self-efficacy is a predictor to the successful L2 learning, the majority of studies on self-efficacy cases were targeted at secondary school students. This paper aims to explore the effects of the intermediate college students' essay writing experiences on their English self-efficiency. For this purpose, pre and post course surveys were conducted on a hundred or so freshmen who took intermediate college English classes which focused on improving English reading and writing skills. Interviews with teachers were also conducted in order to find out whether the differences of their teaching styles had any meaningful impact on their students' self-efficacy. Paired t-test was run on the responses of the post-questionnaire to identify any differences in the self-efficacies of the students before and after taking the classes, and the one-way ANOVA was conducted to find out whether the different instruction types had any significant impact on the differences. The results of the both analyses confirmed the differences of self-efficacies by the two predictors at a statistically significant level. Based on the findings of this paper, various types of writing assignments and efficient procedures of teachers' feedback need to be developed further in order to design and run an effective college English course which can contribute to enhancing self-efficacy of students.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.343-354
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• 2017

This study was designed to identify the knowledge, perception, self-efficacy, and performance on radiation protection among perioperative workers in terms of radiation protection. The factors affecting the performance of radiation protection were identified, and provide basic data for the development of an effective radiation protection education program. The sample was comprised of 166 perioperative workers who agreed to participate in this descriptive study. Data analysis was performed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analyses on the SPSS 23.0 Program. The average time of radiation exposure was 3-4hoursThe radiation protection education experience was 11.4%. The average score of radiation protection knowledge was $8.61{\pm}2.51$; the perception was $4.59{\pm}0.64$; and the performance was $2.99{\pm}0.90$ There was a significant difference in the degree of radiation defense knowledge and performance among the general characteristics (p <001). Knowledge of radiation protection was correlated with the perception. The performance of radiation protection was correlated with the knowledge. The knowledge and perception of radiation protection behaviors should be increased to improve radiation protection performance. Therefore, it is important to promote the performance of radiation protection behaviors by improving the perioperative workers' knowledge of radiation protection through reinforcing radiation-related education.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.216-220
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• 2011

PURPOSE. Heat of composite polymerization (HP) indicates setting efficacy and temperature increase of composite in clinical procedures. The purpose of this in vitro experimental study was to evaluate the effects of 5 temperatures on HP of two new composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS. From each material (Core Max II [CM] and King Dental [KD]), 5 groups of 5 specimens each were prepared and their total HPs (J/gr) were measured and recorded, at one of the constant temperatures $0^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$, $23^{\circ}C$, $37^{\circ}C$ and $60^{\circ}C$ ($2{\times}5{\times}5$ specimens) using a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyzer. The data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA, a Tukey's test, an independent-samples ttest, and a linear regression analysis (${\alpha}=0.05$). RESULTS. No polymerization reactions occurred at $0^{\circ}C$; then this temperature was excluded from statistical analyses. The mean HP of the remaining 20 KD specimens was $20.5{\pm}14.9$ J/gr, while it was $40.7{\pm}12.9$ J/gr for CM. The independent-samples t-test showed that there were significant differences between the HP of the two materials at the temperatures $15^{\circ}C$ (P=.0001), $23^{\circ}C$ (P=.0163), $37^{\circ}C$ (P=.0039), and $60^{\circ}C$ (P=.0106). Linear regression analysis showed statistically significant correlations between environment temperatures and HP of CM ($R^2=0.777$). CONCLUSION. Using CM is advantageous over conventional composite because of its better polymerization capacity. However due to its high HP, further studies should assess its temperature increase in vivo. Preheating KD is recommended. Refrigerating composites can negatively affect their polymerization potential.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.318-323
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the levels of awareness of fermented vegetable beverages according to consumers' gender. The data were obtained through questionnaires completed randomly by 441 respondents and analyzed using the SPSS, t-tests, ANOVA, X-square tests, multiple regression, and logistic regression analyses. Among 441 respondents, 32.9% of male and 30.2% of female ever consumed fermented vegetable beverages. This beverage were consumed as an alternative for water in males (6.3%) and in females (7.9%) which was the most common reason for consumption. As for the most common reason for non-consumption, males (5.9%) and females (6.6%) responded that they did not consume fermented vegetable beverages because people around them have never consumed fermented vegetable beverages. The awareness that fermented vegetable beverages help reduce hunger was higher in females (3.2%) than and in males (2.9%). These results revealed that the awareness of fermented vegetable beverages as hunger alleviators was more prevalent in females than in males which can be used as preliminary data for research on the development of fermented vegetable beverages.