• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1-22
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• 2011

This paper is a study on the information required for developing Korean clothing products intended for Chinese students in Korea and for opening markets of Korean clothing and brands in China. It analyses the buying behaviors, purchasing ability, the favourite apparel type for clothing, and satisfaction with Korean clothing and brands of Chinese students in Korea, with which it seeks a program for South Korea branding to enter into the Chinese clothing market. Three hundred fifty seven students of Hannam University and PaiChai University Chung nam National University in Daejeon-city took part in this study. This paper adopts Descriptive Analysis, Crossing Analysis, Bivariate Correlations, and One-way ANOVA in SPSS 17.0 with Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons to know about the impact of demographic variables of Chinese students in Korea on buying information sources, the criteria for store selection, buying capacity, praise degree on various properties of Korean clothes products and their satisfaction with Korean clothes products. The first proposal of expanding China market for Korean merchants is to achieve maximum sales based on sales promotion strategies, such as the credit card corporations, the store display and sales person service development, SPA, design size development, and to upgrade consumption values. The second proposal is Korean clothes corporations should open the Internet shopping corresponding to the physical stores, the most frequently used information source of Chinese students is the network, from the age distribution of Internet users in 2008 in China, population above 10 and below 30 accounts for 66.7% of all users, In recommending clothes made in Korea to Chinese young people, on-line advertising will get better effects than other strategies, specially during advertisement, they should take good use of Korean television shows and variety shows or help Chinese poor areas to do the social contribution hereby to improve the public image of Korean clothes corporations, which can bring good sale promotion effects as well.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.594-602
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• 2013

This study investigated consumer perception and purchase behavior regarding Han-gwa (traditional Korean confection) in housewives residing in the Seoul and Gyeonggi area. This study was conducted by self-administered questionnaires. Out of 839 questionnaires, 713 questionnaires (85.0%) were used for statistical analyses including frequency analysis, the Chisquare, and one-way ANOVA. Based on the data collected, independence variables were divided less than 40 years (<40), 40s, 50 years or higher (50) by age. The major findings were as follows; Firstly, 72.1% of the total respondents had the experience of purchasing Han-gwa. Gangjeong was the most popular item among purchased. As the purpose of purchasing, holiday gift and snack was on the highest rank. Hypermarkets / discount stores (48.9%) was the most common place for the place of purchase. Secondly, there was a significant difference in the perception of Han-gwa by age; respondents aged 50 years or older showed more positive perception in Han-gwa in 3 factors among total of 11 factors. Thirdly, for the popularization of Han-gwa, 'too sweet taste (44.2%)' and 'small portion size (22.9%)' were pointed to be improved by respondents. Results of this study indicate that 1) Yu-gwa and Yak-gwa require new product development based on age segmentation, and health and food safety are important variables considered when housewives purchase Han-gwa.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.382-390
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• 2013

Recently, the housing problem has been recognized as a matter of housing supply with a certain environmental level and not simply a matter of handing as a quantitative problem, and the demand for pleasant residential environments and requirements for residential environments are increasing more and more. However, it is necessary to establish the directions for improvement of the residential environment according to the house type, as the requirements and levels of satisfaction differ. This study aimed to deduce the level of resident satisfaction with the residential environments according to house type, and determine the direction for improvement of the residential environment. To achieve this, the difference between the house types was analyzed through ANOVA analysis and T-Test, and the major factors on the improvement direction of the residential environment were derived through Action-grid analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the appearance management behaviors and motives differentiated by the body image of college men. A questionnaire was designed for the survey and the subjects were 228 college in Pusan and the Kyongnam province, Korea. The statistical analyses were carried out in the forms of frequency, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. The findings throughout the research are as follows; First, according to the multidimensional body image of the subjects, the college men were classified into three groups, i.e. the appearance concerning and satisfied group, the weight concerning group, and the appearance indifferent group. The appearance management behaviors of the college men consist of innovative appearance management, weight reduction, appearance management through apparel and fashion products, body shape care, skin care, hair care and health care. Second, the weight concerning group showed a higher BMI than those of the other groups. The means of the monthly income and the expenses for the appearance management of the appearance indifferent group were lower than those of the other groups. Third, the college men were generally shown to pursue the motive improving sociality. The appearance concerning and satisfied group and the weight concerning group indicated higher pursuing motives than the appearance indifferent group in the appearance management motives. Finally, there were significant differences in the appearance management behaviors among the three groups. While the weight concerning group showed the more concerning appearance management behaviors, the appearance indifferent group had the least appearance concerning tendency.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.216-225
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the associations between obesity and the children's Nutrition Quotient (NQ) and to further examine the relationships between NQ and mini dietary assessment (MDA) of their parents. Methods: The subjects were 355 children aged 3 to 5 years and their parents in Dongducheon. We collected parental-reported NQ questionnaires for children and MDA of parents. Anthropometric measurements, height, weight and BMI by BIA were measured in children. Overweight and obesity were determined according to age- and sex-specific BMI percentile from the 2007 Korean national growth chart. Statistical analyses consisted of the chi-squared test, ANOVA, partial correlations and logistic regression analysis adjustments for parents BMI. Results: Approximately 20.8% of preschool children were classified as overweight or obese. Underweight children showed a significantly higher score for balance than overweight children. The NQ of the children was $61.9{\pm}11.6$, and NQ scores and their parents' MDA did not exhibit any significant differences according to degree of obesity. After adjusting for parent's BMI, children's BMI was significantly correlated with balance and moderation among NQ factors. Parent's MDA showed significant correlation with their children's NQ, balance, diversity, moderation, regularity, practice and NQ grade, except for diversity of father. Additionally, NQ grade had a significantly increased (150.1%) odds ratio (OR) of being overweight (95% CI 1.008-2.234). Conclusions: These results show that NQ for children is influenced by their parents' MDA and BMI. Furthermore, our findings support the association between overweight prevention and improvement of NQ grade among preschool children.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.489-499
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of burnout and to identify the moderating effects of individual factors and organizational factors on the relationship between emotional dissonance and job satisfaction. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 270 dental hygienists working full-time at dental care facilities. The data on the socio-demographic characteristics, emotional dissonance, burnout, job satisfaction, and individual and organizational factors were collected. The individual (self-efficacy and ego resilience) and organizational (social support, organizational support and wage satisfaction) factors were considered as the moderating variable. For statistical analyses, t-test, one-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression were used. Results: Burnout was found to be a significant mediator on the relationship between emotional dissonance and job satisfaction(p<0.001). The variables moderating the relationship between emotional dissonance and burnout were identified as social support, organizational support and wage satisfaction (p<0.05), while the variables moderating the relationship between burnout and job satisfaction were wage satisfaction and ego resilience (p<0.05). Conclusions: To prevent the decrease in job satisfaction due to emotional dissonance, the management of dental care facilities should have a better understanding of burnout in dental hygienists, which requires individual and organizational efforts to be moderated. In addition, as organizational support has been identified as the factor mitigating the negative effects of emotional dissonance, it is highly necessary to adopt the preceptor system, improve communication systems and expand welfare policies of organizations.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.104-112
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the effects of different intracanal medicaments on chemical structure and microhardness of dentin. Materials and Methods: Fifty human dentin discs were obtained from intact third molars and randomly assigned into two control groups and three treatment groups. The first control group received no treatment. The second control group (no medicament group) was irrigated with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), stored in humid environment for four weeks and then irrigated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The three treatment groups were irrigated with NaOCl, treated for four weeks with either 1 g/mL triple antibiotic paste (TAP), 1 mg/mL methylcellulose-based triple antibiotic paste (DTAP), or calcium hydroxide [$Ca(OH)_2$] and finally irrigated with EDTA. After treatment, one half of each dentin disc was subjected to Vickers microhardness (n = 10 per group) and the other half was used to evaluate the chemical structure (phosphate/amide I ratio) of treated dentin utilizing attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (n = 5 per group). One-way ANOVA followed by Fisher's least significant difference were used for statistical analyses. Results: Dentin discs treated with different intracanal medicaments and those treated with NaOCl + EDTA showed significant reduction in microhardness (p < 0.0001) and phosphate/amide I ratio (p < 0.05) compared to no treatment control dentin. Furthermore, dentin discs treated with TAP had significantly lower microhardness (p < 0.0001) and phosphate/amide I ratio (p < 0.0001) compared to all other groups. Conclusions: The use of DTAP or $Ca(OH)_2$ medicaments during endodontic regeneration may cause significantly less microhardness reduction and superficial demineralization of dentin compared to the use of TAP.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.63-74
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• 2009

One of the effective countermeasures for preventing traffic accidents is to provide traffic safety warning information to drivers. Provision of warning information would lead to safer driving to avoid accident occurrence. This study investigated the effects of in-vehicle warning information on driver's behavior. A variety of warning information contents using text, sound, and pictograms were prepared for the field experiments. Individual vehicle speed and acceleration data, which represent quantitative drivers' behavior in response to in-vehicle warning information, were collected using differential global positioning systems (DGPS). Statistical analyses including ANOVA and Tukey's pairwise comparison were conducted. It is expected that the results could be invaluable for designing more effective warning information.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.161-170
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• 2014

PURPOSE: This study concerns the wheelchair-based rehabilitation of elderly people, investigating muscle activity and coordination of upper limbs during wheelchair-based new millennium health gymnastics with varying elbow exercise velocity. METHODS: Twelve elderly people participated in new millennium gymnastics twice per week during 12-weeks. The group was separated into 0.4, 1.0, and 1.6 Hz groups (controlled by the metronome speed). Range of motion was measured by electrogoniometer, electromyography signals used root mean square values. The data application was normalized using reference voluntary contraction (%RVC). Upper limb (wrist and elbow joint) data gathered while standing up after the "falling on hips" was investigated in terms of coordination of angle-angle plots. One-way ANOVA, paired t-test and Scheffe's post hoc comparisons, were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: There were results taken before and after the experiments. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the triceps brachii and flexor carpi radialis of the 0.4 Hz group (p<.05). There was significant difference in the triceps brachi of the 1 Hz group. No significant differences were found in all muscles of the 1.6 Hz group. Muscle co-activation indexes of the 0.4 Hz group were larger than the others. The 0.4 Hz graph was turning point synchronized clockwise. The 1 Hz graph was out of phase with the negative slope. The 1.6 Hz graph was turning point synchronized counterclockwise, and uncontrolled factor phase was offset on angle-angle plots. CONCLUSION: It is found that improvement of muscle activity and upper limbs coordination of elderly people using wheelchair-based new millennium gymnastics is optimal with elbow exercise velocity with a frequency of 0.4 Hz.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2002

Objectives : To examine the relationships among health promoting lifestyle, anxiety, and self-esteem for korean immigrants in New York. Methods : The study included 425 adults aged 18 and over, who were chosen from Korean church and social organizations located in New York. The data were collected from April to July, 1996 using self-administered questionnaires. Data analyses were conducted using stepwise multiple regression, Pearson's correlation coefficients, 1-test, and ANOVA. Results : Health promoting lifestyle was significantly different by age, religion, occupation, and the length of residence. Those insured and those with no current medial diagnosis revealed significantly higher score in health promoting lifestyle than their counterparts. As for the level of anxiety, significant differences were found by educational level, marital status, occupation, income, and the length of residence. Self-esteem varied significantly by education, marital status, occupation, income, and the length of residence. Those with no current medical diagnosis and those insured experienced significantly higher level of self-esteem than their counterparts. Negative correlations were observed between health promoting lifestyle and anxiety. Perceived health status at present was positively correlated to perceived health status in the future. Health promoting lifestyle was significantly predicted by anxiety, age, and insurance. Conclusions : The above findings suggested that it is necessary to develop programs improving the perceived health status and lowering the level of anxiety. In this context, further researches on the relation between health promoting lifestyle and anxiety is required.