• Carbon letters
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.343-346
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• 2010

The various expanded graphites (EGs) was prepared and applied as anode material for high power Li-ion secondary battery (LIB). By changing the processing conditions of EG, a series of EG with different structure were produced, showing the changed electrochemical properties. The charge-discharge test showed that the initial reversible capacity of EG anodes prepared at the suitable conditions was over 400 mAh/g and the charge capacity at 5 C-rate was 83.2 mAh/g. These values demonstrated the much improved electrochemical properties as compared with those for the graphite anode of 360 mAh/g and 19.4 mAh/g, respectively, showing the possibility of EG anode materials for high power LIB.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.90-95
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• 2007

Cathodic protection technology has been widely used on ship's outer hull and inner side of ballast water tanks as a supplementary corrosion protection measure in combination with protective organic coatings. Impressed current cathodic protection system is typically opted for the ship's hull and, sacrificial anode system, for ballast water tanks. The anticipation and interest in cathodic protection system for ships has been surprisingly low-eyed to date in comparison with protective coatings. Computational analysis for the verification of cathodic protection design has been tried sometimes for offshore marine structures, however, in commercial shipbuilding section, decades old design practice is still applied, and no systematic or analytical verification work has been done for that. In this respect, over-rotection from un-erified initial design protocol has been also concerned by several experts. Especially, it was frequently reported in sacrificial anode system that even after full design life time, anode was remaining nearly intact. Another issue for impressed current system, for example, is that the anode shield area design for ship's outer hull should be compromised with actual application situation, because the state-of-the-art design equation is quite impractical from the applicator's stand. Besides that, in this study, some other critical design issues for sacrificial anode and impressed current cathodic protection system were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.691-695
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• 2002

A low temperature anode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cell was developed. The anode-supported tube was fabricated using extrusion process. Then the electrolyte layer and the cathode layer were coated onto the anode tube by slurry dipping process, subsequently. The anode tube and electrolyte were co-fired at $140^{\circ}C$, and the cathode was sintered at $1200^{\circ}C$. The thickness and gas permeability of the electrolyte depended on the number of coating and the slurry concentration. Anode-supported tube was satisfied with SOFC requirements, related to electrical conductivity, pore structure, and gas diffusion limitations. At operating temperature of $800^{\circ}C$, open circuit voltage of the cell with gastight and dense electrolyte layer was 1.1 V and the cell showed a good performance of 450 mW/$\textrm{cm}^2$.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.552-557
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• 2006

Electrical, optical, surface, and structural properties of amorphous indium-zinc-oxide (a-IZO) grown by box cathode sputtering (BCS) were compared with crystalline indium-tin-oxide (c-ITO) anode films grown by conventional DC sputtering (DCS). Although x-ray diffraction plot of BCS-grown IZO film shows amorphous structure, the optical and electrical properties of a-IZO is comparable to those of c-ITO film. In particular, BCS-grown IZO films shows very smooth surface without defects such as pin hole and cracks because most of the energy of the sputtered atoms was confined in high density plasma region in box cathode gun. Furthermore polymer organic light emitting diodes (POLED) with the a-IZO anode film shows better electrical properties than that of POLED with the c-ITO anode film due to high work function and smooth surface of a-IZO. This suggested that BCS-grown a-IZO film is promising anode materials substituting conventional c-ITO anode in OLED and flexible displays.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.60-61
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• 2007

IAZO (indium aluminium zinc oxide) anode films were co-sputtered on glass substrate using a dual target DC magnetron sputtering system. For preparation of IATO films, at constant DC power of IZO (indium zinc oxide) target of 100 W, the DC power of AZO (Aluminum zinc oxide) target was varied from 0 to 100 W. To analyze electrical and optical properties of IAZO anode, Hall measurement examination and UV/V is spectrometer were performed, respectively. In addition, structure of IAZO anode film was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Surface smoothness was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). From co-sputtered IAZO anode, good conductivity($2.32{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}.cm$) and high transparency(approximately 80%) in the visible range were obtained even at low temperature deposition. Finally, J-V-L characteristics of phosphorescent OLED with IAZO anode were studied by Keithley 2400 and compared with phosphorescent OLED with conventional ITO anode.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.56-59
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• 2005

In rebar concrete structure, the corrosion of rebar can arise the deterioration of concrete structure and may affect the safety of the whole system. Recently, several methods for corrosion protection have been used and are more important for concrete structure using the sand including chloride ion. Among several protections, electrical cathodic protection has been expected to be one of the most useful methods in corrosion protection for reinforcement of concrete structures. The anode for cathodic protection needs high current density, high corrosion resistance and low overvoltage. To fill up the special qualities, the insoluble anodes were developed and these anodes were coated with metal oxide of $TiO_2$, $ZrO_2$, $RuO_2$, and $IrO_2$. Lifetime of these anodes can be one of the important factors affecting the lifetime of concrete structure in cathodic protection. In this work, several anodes were made by sol-gel method and thermal decomposition method and the lifetime of these anodes was evaluated by NACE international standard test method, TM 0294-94. Also, we did analyze the properties of coated metal oxides.

• Proceedings of the Korean Ceranic Society Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.130.2-130
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• 2003

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.297-301
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• 2006

Si/Mo multilayer anode consisting of active/inactive material was prepared using rf/dc magnetron sputtering. Molybdenum acts as a buffer against the volume change of the Silicon. Multilayer deposited on RT (reversible treatment) copper foil current collector to enhance adhesion between Silicon and copper foil. Deposited Silicon was identified as an amorphous. Amorphous has a relatively open structure than crystal structure, thus prevents the lattice expansion and has many diffusion paths of Li ion. When deposited time of Silicon and Molybdenum is 30 second and 2 second respectably, electrode has more capacity and good cycle stability. A 3000 nm thick multilayer was maintained 99% of the initial capacity (1624 $mAhg^{-1}$) after 100 cycles. As the increase of the multilayer thickness (4500 nm, 6000 nm), Si/Mo mutilayer anodes show aggravation cycle stability.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.885-886
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• 2003

A bilayer is used as an anode electrode for organic electroluminescent devices. The bilayer consist of an ultrathjn ZnO layer adjacent to an hole-transporting layer and an Indium tin oxide(ITO) outerlayer. We tried to bring low the barrier between the devices as deposited ZnO films on ITO substrates. We fabricated the organic EL structure consisted of Al as cathode, $Al_{2}O_{3}$ as electro transport layer, Alq3 as luminously layer, triphenyl diamine(TPD) as hole transport layer and ZnO(l nm )/ITO(l50 nm) as anode. The result of this experiment was not good compared with the case of using ITO, Nevertheless, at this structure we obtained the lowest turn-on voltage as the value of 19 V and the good brightness (6200 $cd/m^{2}$) of the emission light from the devices. Then the quantum efficiency was to be 1.0%.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.1206-1211
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• 2014

This study has been conducted to confirm the effect of sacrificial anode cathodic protection system for 90 days to protect corrosion on pier that is located in Korea. The cathodically protected structure was a slab and a pile cap. Before the construction of cathodic protection system, the macrography was carried out. As a result of the macrography, many corrosion traces were confirmed in this structure. The trace was mainly focused on joint and zones that concrete cover was eliminated. To apply the cathodic protection system, many onsite techniques have been adopted. In addition, to confirm the inner state of steel in concrete properly, a corrosion monitoring sensor (DMS-100, Conclinic Co. Ltd) has been applied. Test factors were corrosion & cathodic protection potential, 4 hour depolarization potential, resistivity and current density. After 90 days from the installation of cathodic protection system, it could confirm that proper corrosion protection effect was obtained by considering the result of tests.