• 전기학회논문지P
• /
• 제64권4호
• /
• pp.267-272
• /
• 2015

Active noise control (ANC) is a method of cancelling a noise signal in an acoustic cavity by generating an appropriate anti-noise signal via canceling loudspeakers. The continuous progress of ANC involves the development of improved adaptive signal processing algorithms, transducers, and DSP hardware. In this paper, the convergence behavior and the stability of the FxLMS algorithm in ANC systems with real-time implementation is proposed. Specially, The advanced DSP H/W with dual core(DSP+ARM) and API(application programming interface) S/W programming was developed to improve the real-time implementation performance under the FxLMS algorithms of input noise such as road noise environment. The experimental results are found to be in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.

• 전기학회논문지P
• /
• 제62권3호
• /
• pp.111-116
• /
• 2013

Noise problem that occurs on the road is raising a lot of problems in the economic, social and environmental aspects. The objective of this paper is to propose ANC(active noise cancellation)-based road traffic noise reduction algorithm-model which can reduce noise by generating frequency opposed to noise sources to improve and complement the problem that existing physical form of a noise barrier. In this paper, we measured the noise characteristic from collection of two difference car noise also ANC simulation has been performed by using road traffic noises input. In order to compare the control performance, we performed noise reduction simulation of ANC by filtered-X LMS algorithm and delayed control signal injection. As a result of this simulation, we confirmed that convergence performance and noise decrease effect to the filtered-X LMS algorithm by inputting the road traffic noise.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
• /
• 제53권12호
• /
• pp.827-833
• /
• 2004

In active noise control (ANC) systems, the error-reduction performance of the conventional Filtered-X Least Mean Square (FXLMS) algorithm may be affected by nonlinear distortions in the secondary path such as in the power amplifiers, loudspeakers and transducers. In this paper, a nonlinear FXLMS algorithm with high error-reduction performance is proposed to compensate for undesirable nonlinearities in the secondary-path of ANC systems by employing the inverse Volterra filtering approach. In particular, the proposed approach is based on the utilization of the conventional P-th order inverse approach to nonlinearity compensation in the secondary path of ANC systems. Finally, the simulation results showed that the proposed approach yields a better nonlinearity compensation performance for the ANC systems with a nonlinear secondary path than the conventional FXLMS.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전자공학회 2009년도 정보 및 제어 심포지움 논문집
• /
• pp.70-72
• /
• 2009

In this paper, nonlinear active noise control(ANC) of a 3rd-order Volterra system, which is robust to background noise variation, is proposed along with a variable step-size Gauss-Seidel pseudo affine projection(VSSGS-PAP) algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach yields better nonlinear ANC performance in a background noise variation environment, compared with the conventional methods for the nonlinear ANC.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국방송공학회 2015년도 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.1-2
• /
• 2015

본 논문에서는 ANC 시스템의 빠른 수렴을 위하여 2차 경로 필터를 초기화하는 방법을 제안한다. 대부분의 ANC 시스템에서는 2차 경로 필터를 설계하기 위하여 LMS 알고리즘을 사용한다. 그러나 기존의 방법들은 2차 경로 필터의 초기 계수 값을 0으로 설정하기 때문에 필터의 수렴 시간이 길어진다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 미리 구한 계수 값을 2차 경로 필터의 초기값으로 설정하여 필터의 수렴 시간을 줄이는 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법을 사용하면 2차 경로 필터의 초기 단계부터 에러가 작게 나타내며, 이에 따라 ANC 시스템의 수렴이 빨라진다. 상용 헤드셋을 이용하여 제안하는 방법을 실험하였으며, 기존 방법보다 빠르게 ANC 시스템이 수렴하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국방송∙미디어공학회 2020년도 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.346-347
• /
• 2020

본 논문에서는 ANC 시스템의 빠른 수렴을 위한 적응 필터의 초기화 방법을 제안한다. 기존 ANC 시스템은 적응 필터의 계수를 0으로 초기화한다. 이러한 초기화 방법은 일반적으로 발생하는 외부 소음의 특성을 고려하지 않은 방법으로 ANC의 수렴 소요시간이 길다. 이와 같은 문제를 해결하고자 본 논문에서는 핑크 노이즈를 입력으로 ANC를 수행하여 얻은 적응 필터의 계수 값을 초기값으로 사용하는 새로운 초기화 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법으로 여러 잡음에 대해 실험한 결과, 낮은 초기 에러를 갖고 기존 방법보다 빠르게 수렴하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 기존 방법에서 수렴하지 못한 일부 소음에 대해서도 수렴하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.497-502
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we studied on an attenuation effect of automobile exhaust noise according to the direction of secondary sound source in duct ANC system. Automobile exhaust noise was recorded at 800rpm. 3500rpm and 5000rpm of a diesel engine. Directions of loudspeaker(second sound source) can be exchanged to $30^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $150^{\circ}$ against the primary noise flow by acrylic ducts to be made for experimentation. DSP board with TMS320C6416 chip of Texas Instrument Co used to control adaptive ANC system. This ANC system is based on the single-channel FxLMS algorithm. In experiment result, when the loud speaker direction was $150^{\circ}$, the attenuation effect showed largely. In case of $90^{\circ}$ duct, the noise was a little increased. In case of $30^{\circ}$ duct, the noise was a little increased or decreased according to the frequency range and the sound pressure(dB) of exhaust noise to comply with engine rpm.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.251-260
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we studied on an attenuation effect of automobile exhaust noise according to the direction of canceling speaker in ANC system. Automobile exhaust noise was recorded at 800 rpm, 3500 rpm and 5000 rpm of a diesel engine. Directions of canceling speaker can be set to $30^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $150^{\circ}$ against the primary noise flow by acrylic ducts to be made for the experimentation. DSP board with TMS320C6416 chip of Texas Instrument Co. used to control the ANC system. The algorithm of this ANC system applied the Filtered-x-LMS algorithm that is modified to compensate for a property of DSP input signal and the secondary-path effect. As an experiment result, the direction of canceling speaker was proved to influence the reduction effect of noise. The $150^{\circ}$ duct in the attenuation effect of noise showed a better result than the $90^{\circ}$ or $30^{\circ}$ duct.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.30-36
• /
• 2002

본 논문에서는 선형적응필터를 사용하고 있는 기존의 적응잡음제거 기 의 단점을 보완하기 위해 신경망 적응필터를 이용한 비선형 적응잡음제거기를 다루고 있다. 제안된 적응잡음제거기는 광대역 시변 잡음신호를 사용하여 잡음제거 성능을 조사하였으며 상대평가를 위해 TDL (tapped-delay -line) 선형필터의 적응잡음제거기와 비교하였다. 실험결과에 의하면 적응잡음 제거기의 주입력에 포함된 잡음과 기준입력 사이에 비선형적인 상관관계가 존재하는 경우 신경망 적응잡음제거기는 평균자승오차값을 기준으로 선형잡음제거기보다 더 우수한 성능을 보여주었으며, 또한 리커런트 신경망 적응필터가 순방향 신경망 필터보다 성능이 우수하였다. 따라서 적응잡음제거기에서 광대역 시변잡음을 제거하는데 신경망 적응필터가 선형 적응필터보다 효과적임을 확인하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.2523-2526
• /
• 2012

Introduction: Febrile neutropenia is a relatively frequent event in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy and improvement in absolute neutrophil count (ANC) has been linked directly to improved outcome. Evaluation of granulocyte colony stimulating factors (GCSFs) for treatment has shown reduced incidences of episodes of prolonged neutropenia and protracted hospitalization. To determine absolute neutrophil counts with GCSF in febrile neutropenic cancer patients admitted to a tertiary care centre and to co-relate the improvement in ANC with mortality and hospital discharge. Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was carried at an oncology ward at Aga Khan University hospital from January 2010 to June 2011. All adult patients who were admitted and treated with GCSF for chemotherapy induced febrile neutropenia were included. Multivariable regression was conducted to identify the factors related with poor outcomes. Results: A total of 131 patients with febrile neutropenia were identified with mean age of 43.2 (18-85) years, 79 (60%) being ${\leq}50$. Seventy-five (57%) had solid tumors and 56 (43%) hematological malignancies, including lymphoma. Fifty seven (43.5%) had an ANC less 100 cells/$mm^3$, 34 (26%) one between 100-300 cells/$mm^3$ and 40 (31%) an ANC greater than 300 cells/$mm^3$. Thirty (23%) patients showed ANC recovery in 1-3 days, and 74(56%) within 4-7 days. Thirteen (10%) patients showed no recovery. The overall mortality was 18 (13.7%) patients. The mean time for ANC recovery seen in hematological malignancies was 6.34 days whereas for solid tumors it was 4.88 days. Patients with ANC <100 cells/$mm^3$ were more likely to die than patients with ANC >300 cells/$mm^3$ by a factor of 4.3. Similarly patients >50 years of age were 2.7 times more likely to die than younger patients. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that use of GCSF, in addition to intravenous antibiotics, in treatment of patients with chemotherapy induced febrile neutropenia accelerates neutrophil recovery, and shortens antibiotic therapy and hospitalization. We propose to risk classify the patients at the time of admission to evaluate the cost effectiveness of this approach in a resource constrained setup.