• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.1 no.1 s.1
• /
• pp.19-30
• /
• 1997

In this paper we design the optimal satellite-tracking antenna $H{\infty}$ control system using genetic algorithms. To do this, we give gain and dynamics parameters to the weighting functions and apply genetic algorithms with reference model to the optimal determination of weighting functions and design parameter ${\gamma}$ that are given by Glover-Doyle algorithm which can design $H{\infty}$ controller in the state space. These weighting functions and design parameter ${\gamma}$ are optimized simultaneously in the search domain guaranteeing the robust stability of closed-loop system. The effectiveness of this satellite-tracking antenna $H{\infty}$ control system is verified by computer simulation.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.389-394
• /
• 2017

The aim of the research is providing the application method of recycled materials to manufacture the low costed eco-friend block at currently operated concrete block plant. In this research, based on the previous research results on three types of slag cement with illite, desulfurized gypsum, and wasted refractory products, the actual block product was manufactured by the currently operated plant facility and evaluated their properties to suggest the optimal proportions. As an experimental results, in aspect of compressive strength, absorption ratio, freezing resistance, and pH, type III slag incorporating 5% desulfurized gypsum with 1% replaced illite as an aggregate could be suggested as am optimal proportion. In additionally, considering the high cost of the illite, it can be considered as an optimal proportion that type III slag incorporating 5% desulfurized gypsum for binder.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.27-38
• /
• 2012

The recent development of CFD techniques are being involved w ith Environmental Impact Assessment and Environmental DesignroThey are being applied to the Site Planning and Engineering Design works as a new trendroHowever, CFD laboratory works are not extended to the field works in Industrial Project due to inaccuracy of the data input process that is cause by absence of regional height informationsroHence, in this study, we promote to build a new initial input data processing steps and algorithms for CFD Model generation. ENVI-met model is very popular, efficient, and freely downloadable CFD model. Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) are well known state of art technology and dataset proving a reliable accuracy for CFD. We use LiDAR data as a input source for CFD input producing process and algorithm development and evaluation. CFD initial input data generation process and results derived from am development and set is very useful and efficient for rapid CFD input data producing and maklomore reliable CFD Model forec st for atmospheric and climatic analysis for planning and design engineering industry.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 2007

A new design approach of complex geometries such as wing/body configuration is arranged by using overset mesh techniques under large scale computing environment. For an in-depth study of the flow physics and highly accurate design, several special overlapped structured blocks such as collar grid, tip-cap grid, and etc. which are commonly used in refined drag prediction are adopted to consider the applicability of the present design tools to practical problems. Various pre- and post-processing techniques for overset flow analysis and sensitivity analysis are devised or implemented to resolve overset mesh techniques into the design optimization problem based on Gradient Based Optimization Method (GBOM). In the pre-processing, the convergence characteristics of the flow solver and sensitivity analysis are improved by overlap optimization method. Moreover, a new post-processing method, Spline-Boundary Intersecting Grid (S-BIG) scheme, is proposed by considering the ratio of cell area for more refined prediction of aerodynamic coefficients and efficient evaluation of their sensitivities under parallel computing environment. With respect to the sensitivity analysis, discrete adjoint formulations for overset boundary conditions are derived by a full hand-differentiation. A smooth geometric modification on the overlapped surface boundaries and evaluation of grid sensitivities can be performed by mapping from planform coordinate to the surface meshes with Hicks-Henne function. Careful design works for the drag minimization problems of a transonic wing and a wing/body configuration are performed by using the newly-developed and -applied overset mesh techniques. The results from design applications demonstrate the capability of the present design approach successfully.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.4 no.1 s.6
• /
• pp.115-119
• /
• 1996

odel). One of important tasks for hydrological analysis is the division of watershed. It can be an essential factor amThe main objective of this study is to extract of the geometric characteristics of the Pyongchang River basin, headwaters of the South Ran River. A GIS is capable of extracting various hydrological factors from DEM(digital elevation mong various geometric characteristics of watershed. In this study, watershed itself and other geometric factors of watershed are extracted from DEM by using a GIS technique. The manual process of tasks to obtain geometric characteristics of watershed is automated. by using the function of ARC/INFO software as a GIS package. Scanned data is used for this study and it is converted to DEM data Various forms of representation of spatial data are handled in main modules and a GRID module of ARC/INFO. A GRID module is used on a stream in order to define watershed boundary, so it would be possible to obtain the watersheds. Also, a flowdirection, stream networks and others are generated. The results show that GIS can aid watershed management and research and surveillance. Also the geometric characteristics as parameters of watershed can be quantified by a using GIS technique. Resonable results can be obtained as compared with conventional graphic methods.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.171-186
• /
• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate necessity of overtime hospital business hours and patient's visiting time preferences. Methods : The study was composed of 117 children's protectors who visited the pediatrics department in Kyunghee university oriental medicine hospital between on April 14th and on July 4th in 2008. Results and Conclusions : 1. Question for asking the preference of weekdays regular consultation hours 27% of preschool children preferred time around 11 am to 12 pm, each 32% of school aged children preferred time around 3:30 to 4:30 pm, 4:30 to 5:30 pm. 2. Question for 'Have you ever experienced inconvenience for regular consultation hours' 41% of them said 'Yes', and 59% said 'No'. 3. School aged children more experienced inconvenience for regular consultation hours than preschool children, and more likely to come at overtime hospital business hours. 4. Question for 'If the hospital extends the business hours for holidays and weekdays and Saturdays, would you prefer to come at that time?' 88% of them answered 'Yes'. 5. Question for asking the preference time on weekdays, 35% of them preferred 6:30 to 7:00 p.m. 6. Question for asking the preference time on Saturdays, 44% of them preferred 1:30 to 2:30 p.m. 7. Question for 'Do you willing to pay extra charges if you visit in non office hours?' 66% were willing to pay, 24% of them said "no", 'the other opinion' is 10%.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.90-101
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The purpose was to examine the effectiveness of a psychosocial stress management program on stress and coping in student nurses. Method: A nonequivalent control group pre-posttest design was used. A convenience sample of 24 students from the Department of Nursing, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University were assigned to experimental (n=12) and control groups(n=12). Stress was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (10 points) and blood cortisol. Coping was measured using a scale modified by So (1995) based on the Ways of Coping Checklist developed by Folkman and Lazarus (1985). Depression was measured using the CES-D by Radloff (1977) and state anxiety, using the State Anxiety Inventory by Spielberger (1976). The psychosocial stress management program included education, relaxation (Korean Dan Jeon-typed Breathing and music), and social support. Result: Results showed for the two groups, 1) a significant difference in stress scores (U= 19.50, p=0.002), 2) no difference in cortisol levels (8am, 4pm), 3) a significant difference in problem-focused coping (U=25.50, =0.007), 4) no difference in emotion-focused coping, and 5) no difference in state anxiety and depression. Conclusion: By utilizing the program, students were able to learn how to control their stress and improve their coping. Therefore with a partial modification, psychosocial stress management can be useful for continual management of stress in student nurses.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.294-299
• /
• 2013

Solution polymerization was conducted with water-soluble methacrylic acid (MAA) as a monomer and potassium persulfate (KPS) as an initiator at a selected temperature between $70^{\circ}C$ and $90^{\circ}C$. When the ratio between MAA and water was reduced or initiator concentration increased, molecular weights decreased. Molecular weights of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) showed nearly no dependence on reaction temperature. The Weissenberg effect was observed in most polymerization reactions, while its effect weakened at $90^{\circ}C$. The polydispersity index was less than 1.5 in most of the reactions. An increase in the stirring speed produced PMAAs with increasing molecular weights. When the stirring speed reached 800 rpm, we retrieved a monodisperse PMAA with both the number and weight average molecular weights of 791,000 g/mol. The glass transition temperature was found to be $162^{\circ}C$.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2010

Objective : Erysipelas is an acute inflammation caused by pyogenic bacteria. This mainly involves the upper part of dermis. It begins as erythematous patches with tenderness, followed by fever, headache, chills and fatigue etc. It may results in edema, obstruction of lymphatics and sepsis. So this experiment is carried out for test whether the Bojeasodok-um subtracted Scrophulariae Radix, Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia, Isatidis Radix added indigo Naturalis, Lithospermi Radix have an anti-inflammatory effect and have suppression effect on immunocyte in the state of inflammation which induced by Erysipelas. Method : Experimental animals made use of 4-5 week-age(weight 20-25g) ICR(male) mouse. In the breeding farm, the lighting time was controlled from 7:00 am till 7:00 pm, the temperature was controlled So we concluded that BS is prospected as an anti-inflammatory agent to cure inflammation induced bywithin 18-23$23^{\circ}C$ and water and food were not limited.The freezing lyophilization powder which were extracted from Bojesodok-Um divided low dose group(200mg/kg-BSL) and high dose group(500mg/kg-BSH) and after melting in water, it was orally administered to the mouse. Compared with inflammation induced group which were induced by triggering-inflammation reagent Carageenan and Zymosan and normal contrast group, we measured the edema decrement effect,macrophage and spleen cell activation. Result : 1. BS has suppress inflammatory reaction induced by Carageenan. 2. BS has suppress increasing activation of abdominal cavity macrophage in the Carageenan and Zymosan induced inflammation. 3. BS has suppress increasing activation of spleen cell in the Carageenan and Zymosan induced inflammation. Based on the above result, BS was improved its suppression effect to the inflammatory reaction through the suppression of spleen cell and macrophage activation. So we concluded that BS is prospected as an anti-inflammatory agent to cure inflammation induced by Erysipelas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.98-112
• /
• 1996

Tho purpose of this study was to investigate hygienic and comfortable properties of socks. Materials are nine summer socks either frequently being worn or new products recently introduced to market. Three female and three male adults participated in this study. Through wearing experiment, the numbers of microbes on foot and sock were counted and subjective sensation was measured. The microbes were isolated and identified based on growth physiological characteristics. Nine different socks had smaller number of bacteria of sock than that of foot. The number of bacteria of sock was significantly related with that of foot in cotton socks, in piled cotton socks, in mesh cotton socks, in cotton+ nylon+ linen blended socks, in nylon socks. Total number of bacteria of tv cut finished socks was most small and total number of bacteria was increased in the order of ultra fresh finished socks, untreated cotton socks, nylon socks, cotton + nylon+ linen blended socks, mesh cotton socks, polyester+ nylcn+ linen blended socks, piled cotton socks, cotton socks. Total number of bacteria of cotton socks and piled cotton socks were significantly different from that of uv cut finished socks. Finished socks and .jocks has high air permeability had significantly small number of bacteria. Comfortable sensation in nylon socks and polyester+nylon+linen socks was significantly uncomfortable. The way socks finished and air permeability of .jocks affected theirs hygienic property, while fiber type of them affected comfortablene, is. Bacteria identified were Staphylo coccus aureus, S. au rice larir, S. cahn ii, S. ep ids midis, S. haemo Iyticus, S. h am in 2's. S.fapraphyticus, S. warnery, 1 cinetobater calcoaceticus bio. anitratus, p.reudomonas mendocina, p. paucimobilis, Flavimonas Q ryzihabitans (CDC Group VE-2), and Xanthomanas maltophina. Fungi isolated were Spicaria sp., Thrichoderma sp., Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp., Epicoccum sp., Cladosporium sp., and Penicillium sp..