• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.229-235
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• 2012

In this paper the progressive collapse potential of building structures designed for real construction projects were evaluated based on arbitrary column removal scenario using various alternate path methods specified in the GSA guidelines. The analysis model structures are a 22-story reinforced concrete moment frames with core wall building and a 44-story interior concrete core and exterior steel diagrid structure. The progressive collapse resisting capacities of the model structures were evaluated using the linear static, nonlinear static, and nonlinear dynamic analyses. The linear static analysis results showed that progressive collapse occurred in the 22-story model structure when an interior column was removed. However the structure turned out to be safe according to the nonlinear static and dynamic analyses. Similar results were observed in the 44-story diagrid structure. Based on the analysis results, it was concluded that, compared with nonlinear analysis procedures, the linear static method is conservative in the prediction of progressive collapse resisting capacity of building structure based on arbitrary column removal scenario.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.328-334
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• 2016

This study identified the habitat use pattern and migration distance of spot-billed ducks during winter that occur for breed and wintering. The study was carried out using GPS-mobile phone based Telemetry (WT-300) to provide the research results as basic data for protection and management of the habitats of water birds in Korea. The tracking devices (WT-300) were attached to a total of twenty spot-billed ducks collected from the rivers and reservoirs in Gyeonggi-do Anseongcheon, Chungcheongnam-do Seocheongun, Jeollabuk-do Mangyunggang, Dongjingang, and Jeollanam-do Haenamgun. It was found that spot-billed ducks used rivers most frequently as their habitats (47.3%), followed by rice fields, ocean, inland wetlands, and tidal flats. While spot-billed ducks used rice fields at night time and ocean, inland wetlands, and tidal flatss at day time, they used rivers regardless of time. Change rate of habitat use pattern was highest between 6:00am and 8:00am and between 16:00pm and 18:00pm. The average daily migration distance was $0.75{\pm}0.27km$/2hours and accumulated migration distance was 8.95km. Spot-billed ducks covered the longest migration distance between 6:00am and 8:00am and between 16:00pm and 18:00pm; the distance they moved during the periods from 6:00am to 8:00am and from 16:00pm to 18:00pm was 2km but during the rest of the time, it was less than 1km for equivalent durations. The time when spot-billed ducks covered the longest migration distance also corresponds to the time when they showed the greatest change rate of habitat use pattern.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.69-79
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to suggest a guideline that can be used as a standard for consultation and review by environmental impact assessment consultation and review practitioner to enhance the practical effectiveness of creating alternative habitats. The consultation stage of environmental impact assessment was significantly divided into 1) preparation of draft environmental impact assessment reports and gathering of consensus thereon, 2) preparation of environmental impact assessment reports and consultation thereon, 3) follow-up survey of environmental impacts(under construction) and 4) follow-up survey of environmental impacts(in operation). And it was suggested that the procedures of creating alternative habitat by each consultation stage were linked in order of 1) planning, 2) designing, 3) construction, and 4) post-monitoring and maintenance. The basic principles were also proposed for each stage of consultation on environmental impact assessment and procedure for the creation of alternate habitats. Then, issues and methods to be reviewed by the consulting agency and review agency of environmental impact assessment were presented in detail. The guideline of this study provides important information not only to environmental impact assessment consultation and review practitioner, but also to developers and environmental impact assessment agents who plan, construct, and manage alternative habitats.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.5-6
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• 1958

Scdvm rotundifolium LEE, D. B. sp. nov. Korean name: Doonggunip-qwongui-birum The external characteristics of this species are similar to those of Sedum spectabile BOREAU, but the leaf is rounded, the inflorescence is globose, and the color of the ilower is a deeper purplish-red. Description of this species. Root: Perennial, facisculate, rather thick, with several stems. Stem: Fasciculate,15~25cm. high, a little nutate, reddish, putting forth buds on the lower part in the autumn. Leaf: Fleshy, opposite, discoid or broad ovate, no petiole, red, irregular serrate margin, lcaf"base light cordate or round, width and length both 2. 5~4.5 cm. Flower: Tiny flower making the glomerule on stem apex. Calyx: symscpal, 5 parted, green, lanceolatc_ Corolla: 5 petals, beat-shaped, purplish-red. Stamens: 10, five of them opposile and reat of five alternate with petals, filaments same length as petals, anther red, pollen yellow. Pistils: 5, separate, each ovary triangular rhombus, opposite the petals, stigmas' length about Imm. apexes pointed. Collected on October 22, 1957, and July 26, 1958. Habitat: Growing in the rock of Mt. Choowang, North Kyongsang Province. Korea. Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.1001-1009
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• 2002

Vegetative characters (e.g. habitat, root, ramification and habit of stem, phyllotaxy, leaf sape, shape of leaf margin, shape of division and lobe of division, number of division, thick and texture of leaf and shape of stipule) on 35 species of Asian Geranium were reviewed to discussion propriety of taxonomic character and evolutionary trends. Wilfordii group is characterized by three divided leaf, Farreri group was grown a high altitude, and Maculatum group is grouped by life cycle of anneal. Arrangement state of leaf is alternate type G, tripartitum, G. eriostemon, and G. erianthum is thought the more primitive than the other taxon, and regarded as more advanced group the sibiricum group and pseudosibiricum group which divided of leaf deeply. Shape of leaf, division degree of lobes, shape of leaf margin and number of division are considered a good identification characters because width of change are fixed between population.