• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.383-389
• /
• 2011

질경이 추출물을 농축하여 동결 건조해서 실험동물인 SD계 수컷 흰쥐의 실험식이에 0.5% 수준으로 첨가하여 7주간 사육하면서 체중은 7일 간격으로 섭취는 2일 간격으로 오전 9시에 측정하였으며, 활성산소 및 항산화 활성 측정은 2회 측정하였다. 또한 실험이 종료된 후 실험동물을 단두 도살하여 혈청 중 총콜레스테롤, HDL-콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 혈당, 인지질을 측정하여 지질함량에 미치는 영향을 측정 하였다. 질경이 추출물을 SD계 수컷 흰쥐 에 질경이 추출물이 함유된 식이를 급여 후 식이섭취량, 체중 증가량을 측정한 결과 질경이 추출물을 섭취한 rat이 대조군에 비해 모두 증가하였지만 군간 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 질경이 추출물 급여 후 적출 된 실험동물의 장기에서 대조군과 실험군의 무게 차이는 보이지 않았다. 사육 기간동안 측정한 혈액 중 항산화에서는 7주째 질경이가 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 수치가 높게 나왔으며, 활성산소는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 실험식이 종료 후 살험동물에서 적출한 장기의 무게를 측정한 결과 심장, 신장, 장, 간 모두 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한, 혈청 중의 총콜레스테롤 함량 측정 결과 질경이 추출물 급여군이 대조군에 비해 낮은 함량을 나타내었고, HDL-콜레스테롤 함량에서는 대조군에 비해 높은 함량을 나타내었지만 유의적으로 증가하지는 않았다. HDL-cholesterol/Total cholesterol의 비율에서도 질경이 추출물 급여군이 유의적으로 증가하였다. LDL-cholesterol 함량은 질경이 추출물 급여군이 대조군에 비해 낮은 함량을 나타내었으나 유의적인 차이는 아니었다. 중성지방 함량은 질경이 추출물 급여군이 대조군에 비해 낮은 수치를 보였으며, 혈당 함량과 인지질 함량은 대조군에 비해 높은 수치였으나 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 이상에서와 같이 질경이 추출물 급여한 흰쥐를 이용한 동물실험에서 항산화능 및 혈청의 지질대사 개선 효과가 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 천연물의 조추출물을 이용한 기반연구로서 향후 질경이의 항산화 효과와 지질개선에 대한 분자생물학적 조직병리학적 후속연구가 필요하다고 사료되며, 이 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 질경이의 항산화 식품이나 지질개선 기능성 식품 소재로의 활용이 기대된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제32권8호
• /
• pp.864-869
• /
• 1999

To investigate the effect of dietary phosphatidylcholine(PPC) supplement on memory improvement, biochemical study on the brain, and morphometric studies on the cholinergic neurons in the rat basal forebrain were undertaken. The pregnancy rats were divided into the normal control, the choline deficient and the PPC supplemental groups according to quantity of the PPC in diet. According to choline deficiency and PPC supplement after birth, the neonate rate of the normal control group were subdivided into the control diet(N-N) and the PPC supplied (N-S) groups, the choline deficient group were subdivided into the continually deficient (D-D), the control diet(D-N) and the PPC supplied groups(D-S), and the PPC supplemental group were subdivided into the control diet (S-N)and the continually supplied (S-S)group. The PPC supplemented diet was added 2% egg PPC in AIN 76 formula diet. PPC concentrations and cholinesterase(CE) activities were measured in the serum, the liver and the brain, respectively. Immunohistochemical stains for choline acetyltransferase(ChAT) was employed for the morphological and morphometric studies. The maze test was undertaken to evaluate memory improvement. PPC concentration and CE activities in the serum, liver and the brain were high in the PPC supplemental groups and low in the choline deficient groups. ChAT immunoreactivity neurons at the medial septal diagonal bond complex and the basal forebrain nucleus of Meynert were reduced in the choline deficient groups. Average failure rate for the maze test was the lowest in the S-S group and the highest in the D-D group. Insufficient choline suppley during the neuronal development would result in cholinergic neuronal damage, which could be prevented by adequate PPC supplement. It is consequently suggested that PPC supplement may be effective on memory improvement by maintaining the cholinergic neuronal activity in the basal forebrain of the rats.

• 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국식품저장유통학회 2003년도 제23차 추계총회 및 국제학술심포지움
• /
• pp.225.2-226
• /
• 2003

본 연구에서는 현미로부터 tocoles 획분을 분리하여 고콜레스테롤 식이를 섭취한 흰쥐의 체내 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 실험동물은 SD계 숫컷 5주령을 구입하여 정상군, 대조군 (1% cholesterol), rice oil 첨가군, tocoles 첨가군의 4군으로 나누어 AIN-76 diet 조성에 의거하여 식이를 조제하여 4주 동안 섭취시켰다. 실험기간이 끝난 후 복부 대동맥으로부터 채혈하고 각 조직을 적출하여 간, 신장, 비장 및 부고환지방 조직의 무게를 측정하였다. 또한 혈청 lipid profile과 TBARS 함량 및 ALT, AST 및 ALP 활성을 분석하였고 간장중 중성지방, 콜레스테롤 및 TBARS 함량과 G6PDH 및 malic enzyme을 분석하였다. 그 결과 간장 및 부고환지방의 무게가 대조군에서 유의적으로 증가하였으나, tocoles 첨가군은 정상군의 수준으로 감소하였다. 혈청 내의 중성지방과 총 콜레스테롤은 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이는 나타내지 않았으나 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 간장 조직 내 지질함량은 대조군에서 높게 나타났으며, tocoles 군에서 중성지방과 콜레스테롤 및 총 지방의 함량이 유의하게 감소하였다. 지질 과산화물 함량은 혈청과 간장 조직 모두 유의적으로 감소하였다.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.312-318
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of altering relative intakes of fat and carbohydrates on serum lipid profiles, hepatic acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I), and the acetyl-CoA carboxlyase (ACC) mRNA level in Sprague-Dawley rats. For four weeks the rats were fed either an AIN-76 diet or one of its modified diets that were supplemented with 20% beef tallow (high-fat diet, HF) and 66.3% sucrose (highsucrose diet, HS). The HS group had significantly higher serum triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations when compared with the other groups. Serum LDL-cholesterol concentrations in the HS and HF groups were significantly higher when compared to the normal diet (ND) group. Serum HDL-cholesterol levels of the ND and HS groups were significantly higher than those of the HF group. The hepatic total lipid level of the HF group was significantly higher than those of other groups; triglyceride levels of the HS and HF groups were significantly higher than those of the ND group. Hepatic ACS mRNA levels of the HF group were significantly higher than those of the ND group. Hepatic CPT-I mRNA levels were higher in the HF group than other groups. Also, ACC mRNA levels in the liver increased in the HF group. In conclusion, changes in the composition of dietary fat and carbohydrates could affect the hepatic ACS, CPT-I, and ACC mRNA levels. These results facilitate our understanding of the coordinated regulation of the ACS, CPT-I, and ACC mRNA levels and will serve to enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the regulation of fatty acid metabolism.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제30권9호
• /
• pp.1055-1060
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential hypoglycemic effect of adlay diets when total fiber consumption was controlled in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Forty eight rats were fed for 3 weeks with either controlled in streptozotocin -induced diabetic rats. Forty eight rats were fed for 3 weeks with either control diets or experimental diets : raw mille adlay (RMA) raw whole adlay(RWA) , steamed milled adlay(SMA) or roasted mille adlay(OMA). The composition of the AIN-76 diet was modified to ensure the same composition of protein, carbohydrate , rat, and fiber between the control diet and experimental diets. The concentrations of glucose , insulin, glycogen, and protein in plasma, liver, or skeletal muscle were compared . Compared to diabetic control rats, plasma postprandial glucose levels tended to be decreased in RMA, RWA, SMA and OMA rats until the 2nd week, but no difference was shown at the 3 rd week. There was no significant difference in insulin levels among those groups. After glucose loading, the plasma glucose level of SMA was lower than that of diabetic control rats throughout 2 hrs. Liver glycogen was lower than control values in RMA and RWA rats and not different in SMA and OMA rats. The muscle protein level of RMA, RWA, SMA, and OMA rats tended to be lower than in diabetic control rats. There was no significant difference in muscle glycogen among groups. These results suggest that the hypoglycemic effect of an adlay diet is not significant when the amount of total fiber consumption is controlled.

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.70-75
• /
• 2004

The objective of this study was to examine diet-induced changes in the expression of UCP2 mRNA in the liver and UCP3 mRNA in the skeletal muscle of mice fed a high-sucrose or high-fat diet. Male ICR mice, aged 4 weeks, were divided into three dietary groups and fed control (N) or modified AIN-76 high-sucrose (US) or high-fat (HF) diets for 12 weeks. The serum total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-cholesterol concentrations of the HF group were significantly higher than those of the N and HS groups. The hepatic TC and triglyceride contents of the HS and HF groups were also significantly higher than those of the N group. The HS diet group had higher serum leptin and insulin levels compared to those of the HF group. Hepatic UCP2 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the HS group than in the N group, but the level in the HF group did not differ from that of the N group. Muscular UCP3 mRNA level was significantly higher in the HF group and especially in the HS group than in N the group. We observed that two gene (UCP2, 3) levels exhibited a similar tendency. These results suggest that UCPs mRNA levels and energy expenditure may be altered or controlled by various dietary patterns. Further research is needed to elucidate the effects of diet on the regulation of many obesity-related genes.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.409-415
• /
• 1997

The influences of dietary supplement of citron tea on the hepatocellular chemical carcinogenesis have been studied by examining placental glutathione S-transferase(GST-P) positive foci area in a liver tissue, contents of total cytochrome P450, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) and glucose 6-phosphatase(G6Pase) in hepatic microsome and glutathione S-transferase(GST) activity. Weaning Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed AIN76 diet with or without citron tea supplement. Rats of CTR and CTR+ groups were fed diet without citron tea supplement while CDI and CDI+ groups were fed diet with citron tea supplement for the entire experimental period(13 weeks). Rats of CDP and CDP+ groups were fed diet without citron tea supplement for the first 7 weeks and swiched to citron tea containing diet for the last 6 weeks of experimental period. CTR+, CDI+ and CDP+ groups were carcinogen treated group. Diethylnitrosamine(DEN) was used as a carcinogen initiator and injected to the rats of carcinogen treated groups as a single dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally after 4 weeks of feeding. 2-Acethylaminofiuorene(AAF) was used as a carcinogen promoter and supplied in the diets of carcinogen treated rats as 0.02% content for the last 6 weeks starting from 2 weeks after DEN injection. Rats were sacrificed after 13 weeks of feeding. Liver/body weight ratio and GST activities were increased by carcinogen treatment. However, they were not changed by citron tea supplement. Total cytochrome P450 contents were not changed by carcinogen treatment or citron tea supplement. TBARS contents of carcinogen treated rats showed tendency to decrease by citron tea supplement. G6Pase activity decreased by carcinogen treatment and citron tea supplement. The area of GST-P positive foci detected in carcinogen treated rats were decreased by citron tea supplement and not affected by the timing and the duration of citron tea supplement. These results suggest that citron tea has suppressive effects on hepatocellular chemical carcinogenesis probably through antioxidant compounds by decreasing TBARS contents.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.108-113
• /
• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the growth rate, hematological and serological changes of the rats when they were fed with the high fat diets supplemented with or without the tannic acid for five weeks. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male rats(235.7\pm10.7g\;of\;body\;weight)$ were randomly divided into four groups, control group and three treatment groups(T1, T2 and T3). Rats in control group were fed with the high fat diet containing $15\%\;lard,\;1\%$ cholesterol and $0.5\%$ sodium cholate(wt/wt) which was modified from the formula of American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-76 diet and rats in treatment groups were fed with above diet supplemented with $0.25\%(T1),\;0.5\%(T2)$ or $0.75\%(T3)$ of tannic acid(wt/wt), respectively. The supplementation of tannic acid(TA) did not affect the final body weight, gain of body weight and feed intake of rats in both control and treatment groups. The numbers of red blood cells, hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrit values in blood of rats showed no significant differences between control group and treatment groups. The glucose concentration and albumin/globulin(A/G) ratio of rats in treatment groups were slightly lower than that of control group without significance. The values of total protein, albumin and globulin showed no significant differences between control group and treatment groups. The values of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein­cholesterol and atherogenic index in sera of rats in treatment groups were much lower than that of control group without significance. The values of triglycerides in sera of rats in T3 group were significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05). The values of AST and ALT in sera of rats in T3 group were significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05). Thus supplementation of tannic acid to high fat diet could be effective to reduce the serum lipid levels such as total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides which were regarded as to cause the cardiovascular diseases.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.115-123
• /
• 2000

This study evaluates the effect of Dioscorea japonica Thunb subfractions on hyperglycemia and the composition of energy metabolites in diabetic rats. Diabetes emllitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by an injection of streptozotocin(STZ) dissolved in a citrate buffer into the tail vein at a dose of 45㎎/㎏ of body weight. Diabetic rats were assigned to 6 groups; STZ-control, subfraction A, B , C, D and E groups. All groups were fed an AIN-76 diet. The second butanol fraction of Dioscorea administered orally with carboxymethyl cellucose for 10 days after the STZ injection Body weight gain, diet intake and organ weights were monitored Levels of hematocrit, blood glucose, liver and muscle glycogen were measured. Levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids were also assayed. Body weight losses were observed by subfraction A group. Liver and kidney weights were not affected in any of the subgractioned groups. The decrease of blood glucose in daibetic rats which were fed Dioscorea japonica Thunb was significantly greater than the dicrease of blood glucose in the STZ-control group. cholesterol plasma level was not influenced in any subfraction of Dioscorea japonica Thunb. Liver triglyceride levels were significantly lowered in subfraction A compared with the STZ-control group. This study's results suggest that oral administration of subfraction C of Dioscorea japonica Thunb frction is capabl of reducing blood glucose, plasma triglyceride and free fatty acid levels, and therefore Dioscorea japonica Thunb may contain antihyperglycemic compounds.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.119-123
• /
• 2003

To investigate the effects of the supplementation of carnitine and/or ${\gamma}$ -aminobutric acid (GABA), Sprague-Dawley male rats were orally treated with either an AIN-76 diet (control), a control diet plus ethanol (CE, 4 g ethanol/kg bw), CE plus L-carnitine (CEC, 0.5 g/kg bw), CE plus GABA (CEG, 0.5 g/kg bw), or CE plus L-carnitine plus GABA (CECG, 0.25 g/kg bw each) for 6 weeks. Serum triglyceride levels were increased in the CE group and were decreased significantly in the CEC, CEG and CECG groups. HDL-cholesterol was increased and LDL-cholesterol was decreased in the CEG and CECG groups compared with the CE group. Serum GOT and GPT levels increased by the chronic ethanol administration were decreased in the CEC group. In addition, we have evaluated the mRNA levels of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I in those groups. Supplementation of carnitine/GABA had some recovery effects on the liver CPT-I mRNA levels which decreased by chronic ethanol administration. These results may suggest that supplementations of either L-carnitine or GABA aye effective on the recovery of chronic ethanol-related symptoms, but no combined effects were shown.