• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2016

Argonaute 2 (AtAGO2) is a well characterized effector protein in Arabidopsis for its functionalities associated with DNA double-strand break (DSB)-induced small RNAs (diRNAs) and for its inducible expression upon ${\gamma}$-irradiation. However, its transcriptional regulation depending on the recovery time after the irradiation and on the specific response to DSBs has been poorly understood. We analyzed the 1,313 bp promoter sequence of the AtAGO2 gene ($1.3kb_{pro}$) to characterize the transcriptional regulation of AtAGO2 at various recovery times after ${\gamma}$-irradiation. A stable transformant harboring $1.3kb_{pro}$ fused with GUS gene showed that the AtAGO2 is highly expressed in response to ${\gamma}$-irradiation, after which the expression of the gene is gradually decreased until 5 days of DNA damage recovery. We also confirm that the AtAGO2 expression patterns are similar to that of ${\gamma}$-irradiation after the treatments of radiomimetic genotoxins (bleomycin and zeocin). However, methyl methanesulfonate and mitomycin C, which are associated with the inhibition of DNA replication, do not induce the expression of the AtAGO2, suggesting that the expression of the AtAGO2 is closely related with DNA DSBs rather than DNA replication.

• BMB Reports
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.158-159
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• 2017

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by guiding the Argonaute (Ago)-containing RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to specific target mRNA molecules. It is well established that miRNAs are stabilized by Ago proteins, but the molecular features that trigger miRNA destabilization from Ago proteins remain largely unknown. To explore the molecular mechanisms of how targets affect the stability of miRNAs in human Ago (hAgo) proteins, we employed an in vitro system that consisted of a minimal hAgo2-RISC in HEK293T cell lysates. Surprisingly, we found that miRNAs are drastically destabilized by binding to seedless, non-canonical targets. We showed that miRNAs are destabilized at their 3' ends during this process, which is largely attributed to the conformational flexibility of the L1-PAZ domain. Based on these results, we propose that non-canonical targets may play an important regulatory role in controlling the stability of miRNAs, instead of being regulated by miRNAs.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제18권2호통권23호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2004

Temperature variations, and carbon dioxide and methane concentrations are summarized during the past 400,000 years. Atmospheric temperature varied approximately within $10^{\circ}C$ during the past 400,000 years. Most of the time during the past 400,000 years, temperature was lower than today except 410000, 320000, 250000, and 125000 years ago. Temperature was slightly higher or at least similar to today during the time period of 410000. 320000, 250000, and 125000 years ago. The carbon dioxide concentration varied between 180 and 300 ppm, and the methane concentration varied between 40 and 700ppb. The present atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide is 375 ppm and methane is 1750 ppb. Temperature was 5-$7^{\circ}C$ lower than today during the Last Glacial Maximum(18,000 years ago) and the Younger Dryas(10,000 years ago). Temprature was varied within $1^{\circ}C$ during the past 10,000 years. Especially Middle Holocene Climatic Optimum(6,000 years ago), Medieval Warm Period (500-1,000 years ago), and Little Ice Age(100-500 year ago) were global climatic events. In general, mechanism for the Middle Holocene Climatic Optimum, Medical Warm Period, and Little Ice Age can be explained by the solar insulation, however their exact mechnism is not well known. Carbon dioxide concentration during the past 400,000 years never reached the current value of 375 ppm. Furthermore, the current methane concentration never reached during the past 20Ma. However, current temperature value has happened several times during the past 400,000 years. The implication of this is unsolved question so far. This should be challenged in the near future.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2002

본 연구의 목적은 생약제 및 양파 혼합물의 급여가 비육돈의 성장 및 도체 특성에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 실시하였다. 3원 교잡종(Durox$\times$Yorkshire$\times$Landrace) 비육돈 72두을 공시하였으며 시험개시시의 체중은 체중은 75.66$\pm$1.86 kg 이었다. 처리구로는 옥수수-대두박 위주의 식이에 NRC(12)의 영양소 요구량에 따라 처리한 구(Control: 기초식이), 대조구 식이내 생약제 및 양파 혼합물을 0.25% 첨가한 구(AGO 0.25: 기초식이+0.25% 생약제 및 양파 혼합물), 대조구 식이내 생약제 및 양파 혼합물을 0.50% 첨가한 구(AGO 0.50: 기초식이 + 0.50% 생약제 및 양파 혼합물)로 3개 처리를 하여 처리당 4반복, 반복당 6마리씩 완전임의 배치하였다. 본 사양시험에 사용한 생약제 및 양파 혼합물은 인삼, 황기 그리고 양파 분말을 함유한 것을 사용하였다. 전체 시험기간 동안, 생약제 및 양파 혼합물의 첨가수준이 증가함에 따라 식이효율 및 등지방 두께가 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으나 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 도체등급에 있어서는 생약제 및 양파 혼합물의 첨가수준이 증가함에 따라 A등급 출현율이 높은 것으로 평가되었다(linear effect, p<0.01). 대조구 및 AGO 0.50 처리구와 비교하여 AGO 0.25 처리구가 혈청내 총 콜레스테롤 및 LDL+VLDL 콜레스테롤 농도가 낮은 것으로 평가되었으나 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 도축한 돈육의 등심부의 육색에 있어서 L-$^{*}$ , a-$^{*}$ , b-$^{*}$ 값에 있어서도 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 생약제 및 양파 혼합물 급여에 따른 증체량 개선 효과로 인해 증체당 식이비는 대조구가 830원, AGO 0.50 처리구가 813원으로 대조구와 비교하여 2.05%의 식이비 절감 효과를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 비육돈 식이내 생약제 및 양파 혼합물의 첨가가 성장 촉진을 갖는 것으로 사료되나 도체특성에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.43-59
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• 2015

In the present study, the changes of mathematics teachers' verbal feedback between ten years ago and later were examined using a coding scheme on the types of teacher verbal feedback. Based on the analysis, it is found that teachers intend to use encouraging strategies to make responses to students ten years later. In addition, the duration used in communication between the teacher and individual student is being longer while the frequency of communication becomes less compared ten years ago. Meanwhile, the difference between good lesson ten years ago and common lesson ten years later is not so apparent. It can be inferred that the quality of teaching has being developed.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.426-436
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between indoor environmental exposures and behavioral problems in children with allergic diseases. Methods: We used data from 2015 Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC). The subjects of this study included 825 children aged 7 years with asthma, allergic rhinitis, or atopic dermatitis. The data was analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Factors influencing behavioral problems in children with allergic diseases were passive smoking (β=.15, p<.001), painting from 1year after birth until 1 year ago (β=.13, p<.001), using of linoleum as floor materials (β=.09, p<.001), change of wallpaper From 2 years before pregnancy until 1year after birth (β=.08, p<.001), change of wallpaper from 1year after birth until 1 year ago (β=.07, p<.001), keeping hot food or water in plastic container (β=.06, p<.001), remodeling from 1 year after birth until 1year ago (β=.04, p<.001), using of plastic container (β=.03, p<.001), and change of floor materials from 1 year after birth until 1year ago (β=.01, p=.006) which explained about 10% of behavioral problems. Conclusion: This study showed that indoor environmental exposures were associated with behavioral problems in children with allergic diseases. Based on the findings of this study, programs focusing on controlling of indoor environmental exposures may help to prevent and reduce behavioral problems in children with allergic diseases.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.32-41
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in non-cognitive factors, specifically achievement goal orientation (AGO) and self-regulated learning (SRL), influencing the academic achievement (AC) of medical and nursing students. 186 students, including 110 medical students and 76 nursing students, completed a survey, which addressed the factors of AGO and SRL. There were significant differences in the factors that affected the academic achievement of medical and nursing students. Multiple regression revealed that the AC of medical students was significantly more affected by mastery-approach AGO (p<0.05), seeking information (p<0.001), and rehearsing/memorizing SRL (p<0.01), while the AC of nursing students was affected by performance-approach AGO, self-efficacy (p<0.001), and time-management SRL. Analysis of variance revealed that significant differences in the sub-factors of AGO and SRL between the medical and nursing students. Thus, it was found that the academic achievement of medical and nursing students was influenced by non-cognitive factors, but there were significant differences in the sub-factors by group. It is suggested that comparative studies with other student groups and a longitudinal study of medical and nursing students need to be conducted, and a personalized counseling and learning intervention focusing on non-cognitive factors should be provided to medical and nursing students.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.71-87
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• 2018

As part of further study on Gwangseungri coastal deposits which occurred at 10 ~ 15m above sea level and was analyzed as palaeo-coastal flood-type sediments, six burial ages of six additional samples from the two cross sections (KST1 and, KST2) near to the points of the past study were estimated and the geochemical analysis was performed. Further investigation on the cross section KST1 revealed a reversal of the burial age at the bottom of the section which was identified as palaeo-flooding sediments and supposed to have been buried about 350 years ago. At the lower part of the KST1, the burial age of the sediment layer was estimated to be 3,800 years. The lower part of KST2 sediments was identified as sediments that was formed about 6,600 years ago and about 20,000 years ago. Considering the inclination of the sediment layers, the coastal flooding sedimentsreported to have formed 700 years ago in the previousstudy are located at the top and the KST1 section analyzed in thisstudy seemed to be connected to the lower part. The chemical analysis showed that the relationship between these layers was not continuous but had a discontinuous characteristic influenced by a specific event, and the chemical composition also showed a rapid change. If we judge these together, the lowest part of Gwangseungrisediment layerseemed to have formed during the last glacial period but it was hard to find its origins clearly. On top of this layer, a fine sediment layer containing gravels was also formed.Itseemed thatsedimentation did not occur continuously, but was affected by temporary events in such a way that after a sediment layer was formed, it stopped. Since then, a coastal flooding event occurred about 700 years ago, and part of flooded sediments accumulated in the rear slope. After that, when a flood layer including additional granular materials about 350 years ago was formed, sedimentation along the slope seemed to have occurred.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.71-95
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• 1975

The food product, so called 'Kimchi' was first shown as 'Jeo' in a old Chinese book, 'Sigyung', published about 2,600 to 3,600 years ago and it was differentiated into 'Jeo' and 'Jae' in the 'Jure'. The procedure for Kimchi making was explained in detail in the 'Jaeminyosul' and the Kimchi which was made of cereal grains was introduced into Japan through Bacje kingdom with the name of 'susugorisge'. Since then it was developed into characteristic ones of each country. In ancient time of Korea the detail record on Kimchi was not found but it began to show up in a poem written during Korea kingdom. The term of Kimchi which is being used now in Korea was first recorded on a dictionary about 400 years ago, and the Kimchi which used hot pepper was first shown in the 'Sanlimg-yungjae' about 300 years ago. The very favorable Kimchi for Korean containing various kinds of spices, animal foods, fruits, vegetables, seaweeds and 'judgal' was almost completed about 200 years ago and it was recorded in the 'Imwonsibyugi' and the 'Guhabchongsuh'.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제60권5호
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• pp.353-355
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• 2022

We report a case of an 80-year-old Korean man with chronic cerebral paragonimiasis who presented with progressive memory impairment. He suffered from pulmonary paragonimiasis 60 years ago and has been experiencing epilepsy since the age of 45. He began experiencing memory and cognitive deterioration 3 years ago. He visited the neuropsychiatric department of our hospital to check his symptoms and health from a year ago. Contrast-enhanced brain magnetic resonance imaging study revealed calcifications and cystic lesions encompassing the right temporo-occipital region. Encephalomalatic changes were also observed in the right occipital and temporal areas. The anti-Paragonimus specific IgG antibodies in his serum showed a strong positive response. The neuropsychological test results showed a Global Deterioration Scale of 4 and a Clinical Dementia Rating Scale of 1. The chronic cerebral paragonimiasis lesions in the patient's right temporo-occipital region might induce the dementic change.