• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.259-271
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• 2000

This study was attempted to explore meaning in life and it's relationship to problematic life events, health status and depression among older people. 198samples of elderly were over the age 60 (mean age=70.06) conveniently selected in Seoul, Korea. The data were collected through questionaires by interview with subjects from April, 1, 1999 to May 30, 1999. The research instuments were the main framework in the experiment. They involved meaning fulfillment and problematic life events which were developed by Burbank (1988) and short form geriatric depression scale(Sheikh & Yesavage, 1986). The data were analysed by SAS Program. The results are followed; 1. 172 lists were given out and had objects that would bring meaning to one's life. They were categrized as wishing for offsprings' prosperity, their relation with their grand-children, marriage of their offspring, health of family members, strong family ties, caring for the family, relation with husband, health for self, religious activity, helping others, individual hobbies, needs for growth such as writing, education, relationships with friends and personal achievements. In the end, 50% of total list dealt with in the relationship with their family members. 2. The mean fulfillment of the subjects was 38.31(SD=13.58) with a range of 12-60. The degree fulfillment varied according to the subjects' characteristics such as age group(F=4.44, 0P=.0008), education status (F=6.44, P=.0001), economic status (F=10.27, P=.0001), marrital status (F=9.12, P=.0002) and religious background (F=3.68, P=.006). 3. According to the pearson correlation, analysis significant variables were found between meaning fulfillment and health(r=.47, P=.0001), depression and the number of problematic life events for a life time (r=.147, P=.04), the stress score of problamatic life events for the past one year and the stress score of problematic life events for a life time was r=.43, P=.002, meaning fulfillment and the stress score of problamatic life events r=-.26, P=.04, depression and meaning fulfillment r=-.70, P=.0001 and depression and health r=-.521, P=.0001. 4. According to multiful regression analysis, depression was found as a most predictable variable for health(F=12.51, P=.001).

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this retrospective epidemiological study was to determine the etiology and pattern of maxillofacial injuries in a pediatric population. Materials and Methods: Data for pediatric maxillofacial trauma patients aged 12 years and younger who were registered at the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, India, were reviewed and examined. Patients who were treated between October 2016 and September 2018 were analyzed according to age, sex, cause of injury, frequency and site of facial fractures, and soft tissue injuries. The chi-square tests were carried out for statistical analyses with a significance level of 5%. Results: Of 232 patients with a mean age of 6.77±3.25 years, there were 134 males (57.8%) and 98 females (42.2%). The overall male to female ratio was 1.39:1. The most common causes of injuries were falls (56.5%) and motor vehicle accidents (16.8%). Incidence of falls decreased significantly with age (P<0.001). Dentoalveolar injuries (61.6%) and soft tissue injuries (57.3%) were more common than facial fractures (42.7%). Mandibular fractures (82.8%) were the most common facial fractures, and perioral or lip injuries were the most prevalent injuries in our patient population. There was a positive association between facial fractures and soft tissue injury (P<0.01) (odds ratio 0.26; confidence interval 0.15-0.46). Conclusion: Falls were the leading cause of maxillofacial trauma in our sample of children, and the most common site of fractures was the mandible.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.529-534
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• 1998

1995년 1월부터 12월까지 한국 남서해역 (제주도 부근)에서 매월 어획된 황아귀를 대상으로 연령과 성장을 조사하였다. 연령사정은 척추골을 이용하였다. 황아귀 척추골의 추체에 윤문이 형성되는 시기는 3$\~$4월경으로 산란시기와 거의 일치하였다. 암컷의 연령은 8세까지, 그리고 수컷은 5세까지 나타났다. 추체경 (R)과 전장 (L) 사이에는 암컷의 경우 L=12.7+4.8R, 그리고 수컷의 경우 L=9.8+5.6R의 관계식을 보였다 전장과 체중 (W) 사이에는 암컷의 경우 $W=0.0089L^{3.0311}$, 그리고 수컷의 경우 $W=0.0329L^{2.7752}$의 관계식을 보였다 황아귀의 성장식은 암컷의 경우 $L_t=127.60(1-e^{-0.1228(t+0.3851)})$ 이었으며, 수컷은 $L_t=82.23(1-e^{-0.1832(t+0.6431)})$ 이었다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2007

We examined the associations between adiponectin or leptin and serum ICAM-1 levels in seventy-six hypercholesterolemic patients (mean age 59 yrs, 25 males and 51 females, LDL-cholesterol>=130mg/dL at screening). Blood lipid profiles and HOMA-IR derived from fasting glucose and insulin concentrations were determined. Serum levels of adiponectin, leptin and ICAM-1 were analyzed using ELISA The results showed that serum levels of leptin were positively associated with serum levels of ICAM-1 independent of age, sex and BMI (r=0.392, p<0.001). Serum levels of adiponectin were negatively associated with serum levels of ICAM-1 independent of age, sex and BMI (r=-0.343, p<0.005). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum leptin was an independent factor to be associated with serum ICAM-1 levels after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, alcohol intake, smoking status, blood lipids such as total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and HOMA-IR (p<0.001). With respect to adiponectin, its association with serum ICAM-1 was attenuated but still significant when further adjustments were made for age, sex, BMI, alcohol intake, smoking status, blood lipids such as total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and HOMA-IR (p<0.005). In conclusion, this study suggests that adiponectin and leptin are associated with endothelial derived inflammation.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2018

This paper investigated the phonological processes of monophthongs and diphthongs in the pronounced words present in the Buckeye Corpus and compared the frequency distribution of these processes by sex and age groups to provide a clearer understanding of spoken English to linguists and phoneticians. Both orthographic and pronounced words were extracted from the transcribed label scripts of the Buckeye Corpus using R. Next, the phonological processes of monophthongs and diphthongs in the orthographic and pronounced labels were tabulated using R scripts, and a frequency distribution by vowel process types, as well as sex and age groups, was created. The results revealed that 95% of the orthographic words contained the same number of syllables, whereas 5% had different numbers of vowels, thereby proving that speakers tend to preserve vowels in spontaneous speech. In addition, deletion processes were preferred in natural speech. Most vowel deletions occurred with an unstressed syllable. Chi-square tests were performed to calculate dependence in the distribution of phonological process types for male and female groups and young and old groups. The results showed a very strong correlation. This finding indicates that vowel processes occurred in approximately the same pattern in natural and spontaneous speech data regardless of sex and age, as well as whether or not the vowel processes were identical. Based on these results, the author concludes that an analysis of phonological processes in spontaneous speech corpora can greatly enhance practical understanding of spoken English.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.124-129
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 건강한 내원견을 대상으로 측정한 망막전위도에 나이 및 성별이 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보는데 있다. 보호자가 임상 실험에 참가하는 것을 동의한 34두의 개를 medetomidine과 tiletamine-zolazepam혼합제로 전신마취하여 ISCEV에서 권고하는 진단용 프로토콜에 따라 망막전위도를 측정하였다. 성별간 비교시는 cone 반응의 a파의 지연시간에서 그리고 나이별 비교시 Hi-int R & C 반응의 a파 지연시간에서 유의성을 각각 나타내었다 (P < 0.05). 나머지 ERG반응들은 나이와 성별에 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.421-427
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• 2021

Purpose: The pulp length to width (PL/W) ratio of the maxillary lateral incisor can be used as an age determination method. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the PL/W ratio of the maxillary lateral incisor on panoramic radiographs and human chronological age in Indonesian subjects. Materials and Methods: This study analyzed with 134 maxillary lateral incisors on 113 panoramic radiographs from patients who visited the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Unit of Dental Hospital Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, from 2013 to 2018 (age range: between 11 to 60 years). The pulp length was measured from the pulp chamber roof to the apical foramen, and the pulp width was measured on the cervical area of the cementoenamel junction in millimeters using Fiji ImageJ open-source software. Simple linear regression (in SPSS) was used to analyze the results. The reliability of the observers was evaluated. Results: The PL/W ratio of the maxillary lateral incisor was significantly correlated with chronological age (P<0.01). No statistically significant difference was found in the PL/W ratio between the left and right maxillary lateral incisors(P=0.333). There was a very strong correlation (r=0.939) between the PL/W ratio of the maxillary lateral incisor and human chronological age, with the following formula: age= -3.057+1.875×PL/W ratio (R²=0.882, standard error of estimate: 4.659). Conclusion: The PL/W ratio of the maxillary lateral incisor on panoramic radiograph can be used for age determination in Indonesian subjects.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors which effect clinical nurses' exhaustion. Methods: This research was conducted targeting 140 clinical nurses. Data were collected from 18 September to 30 September 2015. Data were analyzed using the program SPSS/WIN 18.0. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression analysis were used. Results: Burnout was significantly different by age (F=7.99, p=.001), marital status (t=8.69, p=.004), department area (F=7.65, p<.001), frequency of night work in a month (F=7.65, p=<.001), and clinical career (F=3.68, p=.028). There was positive correlations between menstrual attitudes of participants and premenstrual syndrome (r=34, p<.001), menstrual attitudes and stress (r=.40, p<.001), and menstrual attitudes and burnout (r=.16, p=.031). There were positive correlations between premenstrual syndrome and stress (r=.46, p<.001), between premenstrual syndrome and burnout (r=.35, p<.001), and between stress and burnout (r=.36, p<.001). Factors influencing burnout were premenstrual syndrome (${\beta}=.335$) and age (${\beta}=.216$), with an explanatory power of 18.0%. Conclusion: There is a need to develop and apply program for reducing clinical nurses' pre-menstrual syndrome. In addition, policies are needed to allow for menstruation leave, thereby making it legal.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.532-542
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• 2002

Purpose: This study were to investigate BMD of middle-aged women and to examine the relationships between BMD and Physical, Obstetric characteristics Method: The data was collected from 119 healthy women who were 40-60 years old. they were examined for BMD at 4 regions(forearm, lumbar, femur, whole body), %fat by DEXA and investigated physical, obstetric characteristics using scale, questionnaire from January to March, 2001. Result: 1) According to bone diagnostic results by WHO classification, 95.8% of forearm and whole body BMD were normal but 21.8-48.7% of lumbar and femur BMD(neck, trochanter, ward's triangle) were diagnosed osteoporosis or osteopnea. 2) The bones were significantly positive correlations of each other (r=.19-.69, p=.04-.00) and there were significant correlations between BMD and physical, obstetric characteristics such as age (r=-.22, p=.02), weight(r=.36~.48, p=.00), height(r=.22, p=.02), %fat(r=.19, p=.04) and age of first delivery(r=-.28, p=.00). Conclusion: Based on this study, healthy middle-aged women were also exposed to risk of osteoporosis related to aging, change of physical conditions or hormonal release. Further research to develop nursing interventions for the purpose of preventing osteoporosis by modifying risk factors is suggested.

• 복식
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• 제46권
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• pp.143-158
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of home environment school life adjustment and demographic variables on the adolescents' clothing attitudes The subjects were 682 middle and high school boys and girls(boys. 342, girls:340) in Seoul Korea. Modesty of boys was influenced by parent's education(-) academic record achievement tendency of home and allowance(-) $(R^2$=8.6%) and girls influenced by affection of home(-) allowance(-) age and academic record$(R^2$=11.2%). Clothing satisfaction of boys was influenced by parents' education self-control tendency of home and school life adjustment$(R^2$=19.4%). girls influenced by allowance affection of home parents' education school life adustment and self-control of home$(R^2$=20.3%) Age was most important in predicting the wearing of regulative clothes of boys. followed by allowance and academic record(-)$(R^2$=26.7%) allowance was most important in girls followed by academic record(-), and achievement tendency of home $(R^2$=19.0%). The present findings mean that the more allowance adolescents received and the lower the academic record the lower the modesty and the their the wearing of regrlative clothes. The school life adjustment and home environment such as achievement affection and self-control tendency were meaningful variables That affect clothing attitude of adolescent.