• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 M 개의 전송 안테나를 가진 송신국(source)이 단일 안테나를 가진 R 개의 릴레이(relay)를 이용하여 단일 안테나를 가진 수신국(destination)에 신호를 전송하는 증폭 후 전달(amplify-and-forward, AF) 릴레이 시스템에서의 outage 확률 성능을 살펴본다. 이때, R 개의 릴레이 중에서 수신국에서의 수신 신호에 대한 가장 큰 신호 대 잡음비(signal-to-noise ratio, SNR)를 보장하는 하나의 릴레이를 선택하는 최적 릴레이 선택(best relay selection) 기법이 사용되고, 송신국과 선택된 릴레이 링크에서 송신 maximum-ratio-combining(transmit MRC)이 적용되었을 때의 AF 릴레이 시스템의 outage 확률을 분석한다. 또한, 분석의 타당성을 입증하기 위해 모의실험들을 제공한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.229-234
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• 2013

Diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) characterizes the fundamental relationship between the diversity gain in terms of outage probability and the multiplexing gain as the normalized rate parameter r, where the limiting transmission rate is give by rlog SNR (here, SNR denote the received signal-to-noise ratio). In this paper, we analyze the DMT and performance of an underwater network with a cooperative relay. Since over an acoustic channel, the propagation delay is commonly considerably higher than the processing delay, the existing transmission protocols need to be explained accordingly. For this underwater network, we briefly describe two well-known relay transmissions: decode-and-forward (DF) and amplify-and-forward (AF). As our main result, we then show that an instantaneous DF relay scheme achieves the same DMT curve as that of multiple-input single-output channels and thus guarantees the DMT optimality, while using an instantaneous AF relay leads at most only to the DMT for the direct transmission with no cooperation. To validate our analysis, computer simulations are performed in terms of outage probability.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38A권8호
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• pp.733-738
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 증폭후전송 (amplify-and-forward, AF) 기반의 중계 전송 시스템에서 통신 정보를 도청하는 도청자가 존재하는 환경인 와이어탭 채널 (wiretap channel)에서의 물리 계층 보안에 대한 분석을 한다. 와이어탭 채널 환경에서 원천 노드, 목적지 노드, 중계 노드, 도청 노드가 각각 한 개씩 존재한다고 가정하며, 특히 중계 노드는 다수의 안테나를 가지고 있는 시스템을 고려한다. 중계 노드에서는 AF 전송시에 다이버시티 (diversity) 이득을 취하기 위한 안테나 선택 기법을 적용하였다. 구체적으로, 중계 노드에서 데이터 수 송신시 신호대잡음비를 최대화 할 수 있는 안테나를 선택하여 동작한다. 보다 실질적인 환경을 고려하기 위하여 중계 노드에서 목적지 노드로 전송할 때 도청 노드에 대한 채널 정보는 없는 환경을 고려하였다. 제안된 시스템의 보안 성능 분석을 위하여 보안 불통 확률 (secrecy outage probability)를 한 개의 적분 형태로 구하였으며, 시뮬레이션 결과를 통하여 해당 성능 분석이 올바름을 보인다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 다중 안테나 기반 증폭 후 재전송 중계 시스템을 위한 선형 전처리 필터 설계를 다룬다. 수신 신호의 평균 제곱 오차를 최소화하기 위한 송신 및 중계 선형 전처리 필터가 제안되며, 수신 단말에서는 제안된 전처리 필터에 적합한 MMSE 기반 수신기가 사용된다. 최적의 송신 및 중계 전처리 필터는 수식적으로 표현하기 어렵고 반복 과정으로 통하여 유도되므로 이러한 연산을 단순화한 전처리 기법을 제안한다. 모의실험을 통하여 제안한 전처리 기법이 최적의 전처리 기법과 거의 유사한 성능을 보이면서도 기존의 중계 전처리 기법 보다 우수한 성능을 보임을 확인할 수 있다. 게다가, 신호 대 잡음비가 높은 영역에서 중계 수선 단말간 신호 대 잡음비에 비하여 송선 중계 단말간 신호 대 잡음비가 성능에 더 많은 영향을 미친다는 사실도 확인할 수 있다.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.365-373
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• 2019

This paper investigates the performance of a hybrid single input multiple output radio frequency/free-space optics (SIMO-RF/FSO) communication system. Each SIMO-RF link is modeled as an independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh distribution, while the FSO link follows a generalized $M{\acute{a}}laga$ (M) distribution. Considering the fixed gain amplify-and-forward (AF) relay and misalignment errors, novel expressions for the outage probability (OP), average bit error rate (ABER) and average capacity are derived. Numerical results show that atmospheric turbulence and misalignment errors can seriously impair the system performance, and the hybrid RF/FSO communication system using SIMO-RF links can greatly improve system performance. We also analyze system performance under different types of modulation schemes. Numerical results are verified by Monte Carlo simulations.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1016-1033
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• 2016

In this paper, we present a joint relay-and-antenna selection and power allocation strategy for multiple-input multi-output (MIMO) amplify-and-forward (AF) two-way relay networks (TWRNs). In our approach, we select the best transmit and receive antennas at the two sources, a best relay and a best transmit and receive antenna at the selected relay based on maximizing the minimum of the end-to-end received signal-to-noise-ratios (SNRs) under a total transmit power constraints. We obtained the closed-form solution for the optimal power allocation firstly. Then with the optimal allocation solution we found, we can reduce the joint relay-and-antenna selection to a simpler problem. Besides, the overall outage probability is investigated and a tight closed-form approximation is derived, which provides a method to evaluate the outage performance easily and fast. Simulation results are presented to verify the analysis.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.4231-4245
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• 2020

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is widely studied in both academia and industry due to its high spectral efficiency over orthogonal multiple access (OMA). To effectively improve spectrum efficiency, an amplify-and-forward (AF) cooperative NOMA system is proposed as well as a novel detection scheme is proposed, in which we first perform successive interference cancellation (SIC) twice at U1 for the two signals received from two time slots to remove interference from symbol 2, then two new signals apply max ratio combining (MRC). In addition, a closed-form upper bound approximation for the ergodic capacity of our proposed system is derived. Monte-Carlo simulations and numerical analysis illustrate that our proposed system has better ergodic capacity performance than the conventional cooperative NOMA system with decode-forward (DF) relay, the conventional cooperative NOMA system with AF relay and the proposed AF cooperative NOMA system in [16]. In addition, we can see that ergodic capacity of all NOMA cooperative systems increase with the increase of transmit SNR. Finally, simulations display that power allocation coefficients have little effect on ergodic capacity of all NOMA cooperative systems. This is due to this fact that ergodic capacity of two symbols can be complementary with changing of power allocation coefficients.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2013

Cognitive radio has been recently considered a promising technology to improve spectrum utilization by enabling secondary access to licensed bands that are not used by primary users temporarily or spatially. A prerequisite to this secondary access is the lack of interference to the primary system. This requirement makes spectrum sensing a key process for cognitive radio. In this study, we consider amplify and forward (AF)-based cooperative spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks where multiple relay nodes are utilized to amplify and forward the primary user signal for better spectrum sensing, and maximum ratio combining is used for fusion detection by a cognitive coordinator. Further, the detection probability and the bit error rate of AF-based cooperative spectrum sensing are analyzed in fading multiple cognitive relay channels. The simulation results show that the AF-based cooperative spectrum sensing scheme outperforms the conventional scheme.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권12호
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• pp.3275-3295
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• 2012

In this paper, we analyze the performance of an amplify-and-forward (AF) two-way relaying system, where two sources exchange information via the aid of an intermediate relay that is selected among multiple relays according to max-min criterion. We consider a practical scenario, where one source-relay link undergoes Rician fading, and the other source-relay link is subject to Rayleigh fading. To be specific, we derive a tight lower bound for the outage probability. From this lower bound, the asymptotic outage probability and average symbol error rate (SER) expressions are derived to gain insight into the system performance at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region. Furthermore, we investigate the optimal power allocation (PA) with fixed relay location (RL), optimal RL with fixed PA and joint optimization of PA and RL to minimize the outage probability and average SER. The analytical expressions are verified through Monte Carlo simulations, where the positive impact of Rician factor on the system performance is also illustrated. Simulation results also validate the effectiveness of the proposed PA and relay positioning schemes.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.620-625
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• 2016

In this paper, we offer the secrecy outage probability of the amplify-and-forward (AF) transmission, which consists of one source, one destination, one relay, and one passive eavesdropper. Particularly, we consider that the relay is equipped with multiple antennas while other terminals is utilized with single antenna and apply diversity techniques (for both the reception and the transmission) at the relay to achieve gains in a secrecy outage performance. Additionally, we analyze the exact secrecy outage probability of the proposed systems in a one-integral form. Finally, some numerical examples are given to verify our provided analytical results for different system conditions.