• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.525-527
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• 2020

MPEG-IoMT(Internet of Media Thing)은 국제 표준으로서, 미디어 사물 간 데이터를 주고 받을 수 있도록 데이터 포맷과 API를 정의하고 있고 있기 때문에 본 표준을 통해 호환되지 않는 모든 미디어 사물 간에도 쉽게 연결될 수 있을것이다. 하지만, 현재 여러 미디어 사물 간 자동화된 연결에 대한 표준은 존재하지 않아 미디어 사물을 연결하고자 할 때는 사용자가표준 API를 통해 직접 연결을 해야 하는 단점이 있어 미디어 사물 간 자동 연결이 가능하게 특정 기능에 대한 필요한 미디어 사물을 제공할 수 있는 서술 도구에 대한 필요성이 나타나고 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 Finite Machine 기반으로 미디어 사물 간 자동화된 연결을 제공할 수 있는 Mission Diagram 서술 도구에 대해 제안한다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.17C no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 2010

In current digital broadcasting systems, GEM(Globally Executable MHP)-based middlewares such as MHP(Multimedia Home Platform), OCAP(OpenCable Application Platform), ACAP(Advanced Common Application Platform) are the norm. Despite much of the common characteristics shared, such as MPEG-2 and DSM-CC(Digital Storage Media-Command and Control) protocols, the information and data structures they need are slightly different, which results in incompatibility issues. In this paper, in line with an effort to develop an integrated DTV middleware, we propose a general-purpose, reconfigurable DSM-CC architecture for supporting various standard GEM-based middlewares without code modifications. First, we identify DSM-CC components that are common and thus can be shared by all GEM-based middlewares. Next, the system is provided with middleware-specific information and data structures in the form of XML. Since the XML information can be parsed dynamically at run time, it can be interchanged either statically or dynamically for a specific target middleware. As for the performance issues, the response time and usage frequency of DSM-CC module highly contribute to the performance of STB(Set-Top-Box). In this paper, we also propose an efficient application cache management strategy and evaluate its performance. The performance result has shown that the cache strategy reflecting user preferences greatly helps to reduce response time for executing application.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1212-1228
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• 2016

Secure communication is an important aspect of today's interconnected environments and it can be achieved by the use of cryptographic algorithms and protocols. However, many existing cryptographic mechanisms are tightly integrated into communication protocols. Issues emerge when security vulnerabilities are discovered in cryptographic mechanisms because their replacement would eventually require replacing deployed protocols. The concept of cryptographic agility is the solution to these issues because it allows dynamic switching of cryptographic algorithms and keys prior to and during the communication. Most of today's secure protocols implement cryptographic agility (IPsec, SSL/TLS, SSH), but cryptographic agility mechanisms cannot be used in a standalone manner. In order to deal with the aforementioned limitations, we propose a lightweight cryptographically agile agreement model, which is formally verified. We also present a solution in the Agile Cryptographic Agreement Protocol (ACAP) that can be adapted on various network layers, architectures and devices. The proposed solution is able to provide existing and new communication protocols with secure communication prerequisites in a straightforward way without adding substantial communication overhead. Furthermore, it can be used between previously unknown parties in an opportunistic environment. The proposed model is formally verified, followed by a comprehensive discussion about security considerations. A prototype implementation of the proposed model is demonstrated and evaluated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2007.10d
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• pp.473-476
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• 2007

최근 방송 통신 기술의 눈부신 발전에 힘입어 등장한 데이터 방송(Data Broadcasting)은 시청자에게 영상과 음성환 아니라 기존에는 접할 수 없었던 다양한 서비스들을 제공하고 있다. 이런 데이터 방송을 수신하기 위해서는 TS로부터 데이터를 추출하고 처리할 수 있는 미들웨어(middleware)가 포함된 셋탑박스(set-top box)가 필요하다. 그리하여 MHP, OCAP, ACAP 등 여러 데이터 방송 시스템의 미들웨어 표준 규격이 정의되었다. 그 중 MHP의 경우, OpenMHP라는 오픈 소스 프로젝트를 통해 PC 상에서 간단하게나마 MHP API를 테스트 해 볼 수 있는 환경을 제공해 주고 있다.[1] 하지만 셋탑박스 내에서 하드웨어를 이용하는 작업들은 거의 구현되지 못 했기 때문에 테스트에 있어 극히 제한적일 수밖에 없었다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 소프트웨어적으로 셋탑박스 환경을 에뮬레이션 해주는 Virtual Set-Top Box(VSTB)를 설계, 구현하였다. 셋탑박스가 없는 환경이나 간단한 시뮬레이션이 필요한 경우, 실시간 스트림 역다중화와, 파싱, 필터링 작업등이 지원되는 가상 셋탑박스 시스템을 통해 MHP 미들웨어 API를 테스트하는데 유용한 역할을 할 수 있을 것이다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.85-95
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• 2010

There is increasing consensus that global warming is seriously affecting the Arctic region. Sea Ice decreases and sea level rise have led to environmental change in Arctic Ecosystems, while also making the Arctic sea route more accessible to humans. There are complicated international governance dynamics in play, in addition to commercial and scientific interests in the Arctic region. This provides a unique opportunity for Korea to lead the future direction of Arctic policy in response to the global issues such as climate change and economic or scientific interests. Korea acquired Ad-hoc Observer status of the Arctic Council(AC) in 2008, which is the only pan-Arctic intergovernmental organization. It consists of six working groups: ACAP, AMAP, CAFF, PAME, EPPR, SDWG that implement research, survey, and monitoring. AC's Observer country has the opportunity to participate in a diverse range of activities such technical and expertise support, research and monitoring, financial support and conference organization. In order for Korea to expand its activities in the Arctic region, we suggest the following approach: First, Korea should become more actively engaged with the Arctic Council and its activities; Second, Korea should construct organized collaborative networks of national experts to respond to Arctic issues; Third, Korea should develop collaborations with Arctic states; Finally, Korea should intensify its research on international relations and international laws related to the Arctic region.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.197-206
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• 2007

P2X receptors are membrane-bound ion channels that conduct $Na^+,\;K^+$, and $Ca^{2+}$ in response to ATP and its analogs. There are seven subunits identified so far ($P2X_1-P2X_7$). $P2X_2$ receptors are known to be expressed in a wide range of organs including brains and adrenal grands. PC12 cells are originated from adrenal grand and differentiated by nerve growth factor or pituitary adenylate cyclase activating poly peptide (PACAP). Previous studies indicate that $P2X_2$ receptor activation in PC12 cells couples to $Ca^{2+}-dependent$ release of catecholamine and ATP. It is known that acidic pH potentiates ATP currents at $P2X_2$ receptors. This leads to a hypothesis that $P2X_2$ receptors may play an important role in PC12 cell differentiation, one of the characteristics of which is neurite outgrowth, induced by the hormones under lower pH. In the present study, we isolated several clones which potentiate neurite outgrowth by PACAP in acidic pH (6.8), but not in alkaline pH (7.6). RT-PCR and electrophysiology data indicate that these clones express only functional $P2X_2$ receptors in the absence or presence of PACAP for 3 days. Potentiation of neurite outgrowth resulted from PACAP (100 nM) in acidic pH is inhibited by the two P2X receptor antagonists, suramin and PPADS ($100\;{\mu}M)$ each), and exogenous exprerssion of ATP-binding mutant $P2X_2$ receptor subunit ($P2X_2[K69A]$). However, acid sensing ion channels (ASICs) are not involved in PACAP-induced neurite outgrowth potentiation in lower pH since treatments of an inhibitor of ASICs, amyloride ($10\;{\mu}M$), did not give any effects to neurite extension. The vesicular proton pump ($H^+-ATPase$) inhibitor, bafilomycin (100 nM), reduced neurite extension indicating that ATP release resulted from $P2X_2$ receptor activation in PC12 cells is needed for neurite outgrowth. These were confirmed by activation of mitogen activated protein kinases, such as ERKs and p38. These results suggest roles of ATP and $P2X_2$ receptors in hormone-induced cell differentiation or neuronal synaptogenesis in local acidic environments.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.137-150
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• 2010

Traditionally, like many people in mountain region of the Himalaya, the Lwang communities depend on mix of subsistence agriculture, animal husbandry, and seasonal migrant labor for their livelihoods. These traditional systems are characterized by low productivity, diverse use of available natural resources (largely for home consumption), limited markets, and some aversion for innovation. The potential to generate wealth through commerce has largely been untapped by these mountain residents and thus is undervalued in local and national economies. Introduction of organic tea farming is a part of Lwang community's several initiatives to break the vicious poverty cycle Annapurna Conservation Area Project (ACAP) played facilitating roles in all their efforts since beginning. In five years, the tea plantation emerged as a new means for secured a livelihood. This study aims to analyze the current practices in tea farming both in terms of farm management and soil nutrient status(technical) and the prosperity of the tea farmers (social). The technical aspect covers the soil and tea leaf analysis of various nutrients contents in the soil and tea leaf. Originally, the technical aspect of the study was not planned but later during the consultation with the advisor it was taken into consideration which added value to the research study. The sample were collected from different locations and analyzed on the field itself. The other part of the study i.e. the social aspect was done through questionnaire survey and focus group discussion. the tea farming provided them not only a new opportunity but also earned an identity in the region. This initiative was undertaken as a piloting measure. Now that the tea is in production with processing unit established locally, more serious consideration has to be given for better yield and economic prosperity. This research finding will help the community to analyze their efforts and make correction measures in tea garden management and application of fertilizer. It is also expected to fill up the gaps of knowledge and information required to reduce economic stresses and enhance capacity of farmers to make the tea farming a sustainable and beneficial business. The findings are expected to Sustainability of organic tea farming has direct impacts on biodiversity conservation compared to the other traditional farming practices that are more resource intensive. The study will also contribute to identify key action points required for reducing poverty while conserving environment and enhancing livelihoods

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.44-52
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• 2007

Integrated Coastal Management(ICM) has been recommended by international organizations and experts as a desirable way of dealing with the current problems of ocean pollution and ocean conservation and dealing with the conflicts among the various users of coastal and ocean resources. As a response, the Korean government legislated Coastal Management Act in 1999. following the Act, local governments were required to make a local integrated coastal management plan(LICMP). Though the LICMPs are made, it is not easy to put LICMP in effect, because the mandates of the Coastal Management Act are not clear and there are conflicts regarding the jurisdiction of the coastal areas among relevant departments of the government and because it is not easy to monitor and supervise the activities along the vast areas of coasts and oceans. The traditional method of Implementing the LICMP was not simply feasible. Community-based approach to the ICM was proposed as an alternative to the traditional method. This study aims to examine and introduce the community-based network of organizations as an alternative form of organization best suited to the integrated coastal management. This study is composed of four major parts. First, it examines the advantages of the network as a form of organization vis-vis the market and the hierarchy. Second, it reviews three well-known cases of integrated coastal management programs - Xiamen ICM program in China, Coastcare in Australia and Atlantic Coastal Action Program in Canada. Third, on the basis of the case study, it proposes principles and guidelines which we need to consider when we introduce the community-based approach to the ICM in Korea. Fourth, this study also reports on the actual networking processes in Yeosu City(the Yeosu Network for the effective implementation of integrated coastal management plan). The networking in Yeosu will serve as a demonstration of networking various stake-holders concerned with the balance between the development and conservation of finite ocean resources.