• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2012

There are two ways in general for evaluating the accomplishments used by the universities, one is relative evaluation, the other is absolute evaluation. Recently, Korean universities have had the problem with score inflation due to absolute evaluation. The advantage of relative evaluation compared with absolute evaluation is for us to distinguish one's academic accomplishments from others. However, relative evaluation would lead to over-competition. Through this paper, I tired to analyze how cooperative learning influences the academic accomplishments under relative evaluation. Cooperative learning in the relative evaluation of student accomplishments conducted were divided into three groups. And analyzed a result and following presented about the research which in necessary.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.103-110
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• 2018

In this paper, we introduce evaluation method of time series prediction model with new approach of Mean Absolute Percentage Error(hereafter MAPE) and Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error(hereafter sMAPE). There are some problems using MAPE and sMAPE. First MAPE can't evaluate Zero observation of dataset. Moreover, when the observed value is very close to zero it evaluate heavier than other methods. Finally it evaluate different measure even same error between observations and predicted values. And sMAPE does different evaluations are made depending on whether the same error value is over-predicted or under-predicted. And it has different measurement according to the each sign, even if error is the same distance. These problems were solved by Maximum Mean Absolute Percentage Error(hereafter mMAPE). we used the absolute maximum of observed value as denominator instead of the observed value in MAPE, when the value is less than 1, removed denominator then solved the problem that the zero value is not defined. and were able to prevent heavier measurement problem. Also, if the absolute maximum of observed value is greater than 1, the evaluation values of mMAPE were compared with those of the other evaluations. With Beijing PM2.5 temperature data and our simulation data, we compared the evaluation values of mMAPE with other evaluations. And we proved that mMAPE can solve the problems that we mentioned.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.72-78
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• 2009

We have developed a current range extension method to obtain the ratio error and phase displacement of a current transformer (CT) by using absolute evaluation method and two different CTs. The method was applied to CTs under test with the current ratios in the range of 5,000 A / 1 A - 20,000 A / 1 A. The ratio error and phase displacement of the CT under test obtained in this study are consistent with those measured at the national institute in Germany using the same CT under test within an expanded uncertainty (k = 2) in the overall current ratios.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.285-290
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• 2008

We have developed the absolute evaluation technique of capacitor and inductor by measuring the phase displacement as a function of resistance of employed resistors in voltage transformer(VT) comparator. The methods were applied to the capacitor with the range of 100 nF - $5{\mu}F$ and the inductor with the range of $100{\mu}H{\sim}1\;H$. The capacitance values of capacitor obtained using our method are consistent within the expanded uncertainty those obtained using capacitor bridge. The inductance values of inductor obtained using our method are also consistent within the expanded uncertainty those obtained using LCR meter.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.471-477
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• 2010

In recently, IMO consider including an marine casualty factor when Port State Control Inspection evaluate.. This paper proposes an evaluation to Target Factor Values of Port State Control Inspections(PSCITFV) using absolute measurement. To this solve, therefore, this paper used the absolute measurement which is informed compensate the defect and the more rational and objective methode, checked the effectiveness to compare an result with absolute measurement and PSCITFV of Tokyo MOU using Wilcoxson test. Finally, rate change of PSC was investigated by an experiment which changed the values of evaluation factors. As a result, it was evaluation factors of high rate change that was detention, ship's age, casualty factors. Therefore, this factors have to a priority management to do for prevent of PSC.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2014

Endoscopic resection is the established treatment for early gastric cancer in selected patients with negligible risk of lymph node metastasis ('absolute indication'). Based on clinical observations and large pathological databases, expanding indications for endoscopic resection beyond absolute indication has been tried in Japan and Korea. However, controversies exist regarding the safety of treating early gastric cancer beyond absolute indication in terms of pathological evaluation of the resected specimen, definition of expanded indication, discrepancy between pre-endoscopic resection and post-endoscopic resection diagnoses of gastric neoplasm, and the best strategy for cases with non-curative resection. In this brief review, current evidence and clinical experience regarding issues of endoscopic resection beyond absolute indication will be summarized.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.49-56
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• 2007

It is known that human factors account for 80 percent of all railway accidents. To reduce human errors must be the most efficient shortcut to railway safety. For public transportation employees like railway, the more delicate safety management should be executed in individual level. However, there are rarely efforts to improve safety performance of workers who are the subject operating the railway system. This paper develops a hierarchy model to evaluate the human safety performance in railway industry. To evaluate the model, AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) methodology is adopted. The hierarchy model is composed of four levels which are objective, two criteria, specific factors of criteria, and rating scales. In addition, since employees for evaluation are over 10, the pairwise comparisons for rating scales are carried out by the absolute measurement. We explore the applicability of AHP to the performance evaluation of railway safety workers by an example and also investigate the changes of alternatives that are railway employees according to the changes of human characteristic which is one of criteria.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.484-498
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• 2023

This study aimed to analyze the appropriateness of the criteria and methods of the feasibility study for national park re-planning. The rate of 'release area' was derived at a lower rate in the absolute evaluation (the second) than the relative evaluation(the third) Seoraksan and Juwangsan National Parks as well as Gayasan National Park. Despite the third evaluation method aiming to maintain park area through retention by setting the areas available for release as 10% rather than applying release, it was found that the absolute evaluation method did not derive more areas available for release. When the second and third ecology-based assessments were applied to study sites, both second and third ecological-based assessments showed that the actual release areas were not reflected in the extraction in 2011. Consequently, it was found that the ecological-based assessment was only a means of assistance instead of a means of critical decision-making for determining the release area. From the district adjustment of the park planning easibility study, it can be determined that interactive exchange and priority application of release criteria as external factors acted more significantly.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.68-75
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• 2003

This paper introduces the development of hydraulic cylinder with magnetic sensors detecting absolute and precise position for automation of excavator. The system which is developed can detect absolute position with a little displacement by using algorithm for recognizing datum points, 114 divider algorithm and high precision algorithm improved position precision. We alse evaluate the developed system under the load disturbance and add band pass filter to the previous's signal process circuit for the protecting magnetic sensors's saturation.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.31-56
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• 1993

The characteristic aroma of Gardenia Absolute Oil made from Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis was investigated by GC and GC-MSD and by sensory evaluation The method of GC Analysis was used Double Column System by Carbowax 20M /SPB-1 of Pola/nonPola columns. And the result data of analysis was checked automatic Relent ion Indexs Match System by GC Workstation. A total of 51 compounds were identified in Gardenia Absolute Oil, including t entatively erstimated 9 compounds. The major components were Linalool, Farnesene of various form, Jasmin Lactone, Gamma undecalactone and Cis-3-hexone derivatives.