• 재활복지
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.115-139
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the awareness and demands from assistive technology professionals on the service and propose practical methods for AAC service. This study selected subjects who are experts working in 10 assistive technology centers and survey was conducted among 69 assistive technology professionals. Results from this study are presented as follows. First, many assistive technology professionals learned AAC through school course. Second, there was a significant difference in the presence of using AAC experience regarding their general awareness of the understanding and interests on AAC. Third, many responders said that it is significant to provide AAC information and extend supports for AAC users and providers. They added that demands of AAC will grow in the future and engineering-based ACC instruments will take up the most market. This study will enable AAC service to offer basic data to establish more efficient supportive direction for AAC users and providers of the assistive technology center.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.99-105
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare AAC service delivery system between Korea and U.S.A for appling effective 'AAC service delivery system. This delivery system complement the missing part in system of the current method and narrow blind area for system. The result of this research, increase suppling item of assistive communication device in public benefit and provide delivery system through construct infrastructure by assistive technology center, special education support center, developmental disorder support center, speech therapy center in each local area. Furthermore, assistive technology-related institute and academy develope training programs for human resources to delivery AAC service.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.60-64
• /
• 2004

We tested gentamicin - resistant bacteria isolated from hospital sewage to confirm the presence of aac(3)II encoding aminoglycoside- (3)-N- acetyltransferase by dot-blot hybridization. A probe from the internal fragment of aac(3)II was hybridized to DNA from 41 % (39/95) of gentamicin resistant isolates. PCR was performed with primers from aac(3)II and Tn3. Of 39 strains, 13 strains had Tn3-aac(3)II structure. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) test demonstrated that 18 strains containing Tn3-aac(3)II showed higher resistance to gentamicin than those of other strains. Thirteen strains were identified as 5 Escherichia coli, 3 Acinetobacter johnsonii, 2 Enterobacter agglomerans, 2 Micrococcus luteus, and 1 Pseudomonas facilis. These results suggest that gentamicin-resistant determinant of Tn3-aac(3)II structure was widely distributed in the gentamicin-resistant bacteria.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.273-278
• /
• 2000

The aacCl, aacC2, aacC3, and aacC4 genes, which encode aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(3)-I, AA(3)-II, AAC(3)-III, and AAC(3)-IV, respectively, and aerolysin genes in water samples from Juam lake were surveyed by polymerase chain reaction. Surface water was collected from January 1996 to December 1998, and then bacterial DNA was extracted from the water. Twelve samples were tested by PCR to servey the genes for aminoglycoside acetyltransferase and aerolysin in the lake water. The aacC2 gene was detected in 9 of 12 DNA samples. Among 9 samples showing aacC2 positive, 7 samples were associated with Tn3 sequence. However, none of the twelve samples amplified the expected DNA fragment for aacC1, aacC3, and aacC4 genes. PCR primer to detect the aerolysin gene was designed using the conserved region of the genes for aerolysin and hemolysin of Aeromonas spp. This primer set successfully amplified the expected 414 bp PCR product with the DNA samples from the lake water. The aerolysin gene was detected in 7 of 12 DNA samples. When Southern hybridization of the gel with probe was performed, the aerolysin gene was detected in 10 of 12 DNA samples. However, the seasonal fluctuation of these genes was not found.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.8 no.7
• /
• pp.882-888
• /
• 2005

MPEG-2 Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) has already been standardized as a sophisticated next generation technology AAC provides an audio signal that has CD quality at 96-128kbps/stereo. This paper describes a high-quality and efficient software implementation of an MPEG-2 AAC LC Profile encoder. Common scalefactor and noisless coding are accelerated by $45\%$ and $27\%$, respectively, through the use of TMS320C30 instructions. The implemented encoder uses 7.5kWords of program memory, 18kWords of data ROM and 92kBytes of data RAM, respectively. The results of subjective Qualify test showed that the sound quality achieved at 96kbps/stereo was equivalent to that of MP3 at 128kbps/stereo.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.365-372
• /
• 2015

Augmentative and Alternative Communication(AAC) is the widespread supporting plan to solve the communication problem of the people with communication disorder. AAC means various types of non-verbal communication methods that are used to augment or substitute the communications of using speech. With the increasing number of potential Korean AAC users, the demands for AAC are also increasing. In spite of the increasing demands, AAC is not being actively and practically used. In this paper, we implemented a web-based AAC board making system, where the board-makers (special educators and speech therapists) can create and share the customized boards to help the board-users (people with communication disorder). The web-based AAC board making system contributes to the application of AAC in many societies, such as hospitals, schools, companies, or anywhere the AAC intervention is needed.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.262-266
• /
• 2011

The aac(6')-Ib gene is the most prevalent gene that encodes aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and confers resistance to tobramycin, kanamycin, and amikacin. The aac(6')-Ib-cr variant gene can induce resistance against aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolone simultaneously. Two main methods, sequence analysis and the restriction enzyme method, can detect the aac(6')-Ib-cr variant in clinical strains. We collected the 85 strains that were believed to be aac(6')-Ib positive from clinical isolates. Among them, 38 strains were the wild-type; the remaining 47 strains were the aac(6')-Ib-cr variant. Of these 47 strains, 19 simultaneously harbored aac(6')-Ib and aac(6')-Ib-cr. Our study aims to report the characteristics of the 19 strains that simultaneously harbored both genes. This study is the first investigation published in Korea of strains that included both aac(6')-Ib and aac(6')-Ib-cr variant.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.18 no.8
• /
• pp.1895-1903
• /
• 2014

Smartphone have become the very important devices in our daily life and provide various roles on impairment and communications of developmental disabilities, acquired neurogenic disorders and autisms. Due to the growth of the technology, an Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) also meets needs and wants, including user customization, configurable layouts and registration of new core vocabulary for individual users. This paper describes the research conducted to design the smartphone-based AAC system. This AAC comprises of a form of communication types such as picture communication boards and sophisticated computer and mobile based devices that can speak in the phrases and sentences for their users. We deployed our AAC system on various sports situations using smartphone systems and also provided user customization method for AAC user's disability levels.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.3C
• /
• pp.240-246
• /
• 2008

An MPEG-2/4 AAC decoder on 16-bit fixed-point processor is presented in this paper. To meet audio quality criteria, despite small word length, special design methods for 16-bit foxed-point AAC decoder were devised. This paper presents particular algorithms for 16-bit AAC decoding. We have implemented an efficient AAC decoder using the proposed algorithms. Audio contents can be replayed in the decoder without quality degradation.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• autumn
• /
• pp.251-254
• /
• 2001

본 논문에서는 ETRI와 연세대가 공동 개발한 AAC/MP3 복합 복호화기 ASIC 칩을 이용한 AAC/MP3 오디오 플레이어의 설계 및 구현에 대해 기술한다. 본 논문에서 사용한 AAC/MP3 복합 복호화 ASIC Chip은 20비트 고정소수점 DSP 코어를 이용하여 MP3와 MPEG-2 AAC LC 프로파일을 복호화하며, MPEG-2 AAC 메인 프로파일을 실시간으로 복호화하기 위하여 허프만 복호화 과정과 예측 과정은 전용 하드웨어 모듈을 이용하였다 이를 이용한 오디오 플레이어는 AAC/MP3 파일 재생 기능, USB를 이용한 호스트 PC와의 인터페이스 기능, Flash 메모리와의 인터페이스 기능 등의 특성을 갖는다.