• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.389-394
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• 2007

The power output of the stirling engine is influenced by the regenerator effectiveness. The regenerator effectiveness is influenced by heat transfer and flow friction loss of the regenerator matrix. In this paper, in order to provide basic data for the design of the regenerator matrix, characteristics of working fluid velocities were investigated by a packed method of matrix in the oscillating flow as the same condition of operation in a Stirling engine. As matrices, two different wire screens were used. The results are summarized as follows; 1. When a regenerator is not filled with any wire screen, working fluid velocity of the oscillating flow shows 1.3 times faster than that of one directional flow. 2. When a regenerator is filled with the wire screen of No.50, working fluid velocity of the oscillating flow reveals 2.5 times faster than that of one directional flow. 3. When a regenerator is filled with the wire screen of No. 100, working fluid velocity of the oscillating flow shows 2 times faster than that of one directional flow, regardless of the number of packed wire screens. 4. Working fluid velocity is decreased wire the increase in number of meshes and packed wire screens.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2005년도 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.311-317
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• 2005

Measurements of the leakage flow in the shrouded cavity were performed in axial compressor cascades at $Re=2.6{\times}10^5$. This paper describes the effects of the leakage flow tangential velocity on kinematics of the leakage flow in the shrouded cavity and consequent overall loss and exit flow turning at stator blade row downstream. Flow data and flow visualization images consistently indicate that leakage flow circumferentially migrates 2, 4 and 5 blade passages in the direction of rotation for ${\upsilon}_y/c=0.09$, 0.35 and 0.45, respectively where ${\upsilon}_y$ is the leakage tangential velocity and c is the mainstream velocity. The leakage flow contracts to a jet across the seal-tooth resulting in an increase in the leakage axial velocity-doubling the leakage axial velocity in upstream cavity compared to that in the downstream cavity. Consequently, two flow regions are distinguished before and after the seal-tooth. As increasing the leakage tangential velocity, the overall loss downstream of stator blade row decreases and the exit flow turning in the range of span. from the hub endwall to 15% increases while the decreases in the flow turning from 15% to 30% span is observed.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2001

A numerical study is peformed to investigate the effect of circumferential velocity generated by the guide vane on the nozzle flow of a jet fan, s a way of increasing the penetration force of jet fan with nozzle of 175mm diameter. For the validation of numerical results. the velocity is measured by a 5-hole pitot tube and flow visualization is conducted by the tuft method. Under the inlet condition that the maximum circumferential velocity in the stator outlet of the present jet fan is 1.8m/s, the axial velocity in the nozzle outlet has the feature that the velocity at the axis is low and the velocity near the wall high. Therefore, to increase the throw length of the jet fan, the configuration of the fairing and nozzle needs to be developed and the precise revise of the stator angle is required, In addition, the bigger the circumferential velocity, the smaller the axial velocity at the axis and the bigger non-uniformity of the flow distribution.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.379-397
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• 2013

Large Eddy Simulations (LES) were carried out to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of a rectangular cylinder with side ratio B/D=5 at Reynolds number Re=22,000 (based on cylinder thickness). Particular attention was devoted to the effects of velocity shear in the oncoming flow. Time-averaged and unsteady flow patterns around the cylinder were studied to enhance understanding of the effects of velocity shear. The simulation results showed that the Strouhal number has no significant variation with oncoming velocity shear, while the peak fluctuation frequency of the drag coefficient becomes identical to that of the lift coefficient with increase in velocity shear. The intermittently-reattached flow that features the aerodynamics of the 5:1 rectangular cylinder in non-shear flow becomes more stably reattached on the high-velocity side, and more stably separated on the low-velocity side. Both the mean and fluctuating drag coefficients increase slightly with increase in velocity shear. The mean and fluctuating lift and moment coefficients increase almost linearly with velocity shear. Lift force acts from the high-velocity side to the low-velocity side, which is similar to that of a circular cylinder but opposite to that of a square cylinder under the same oncoming shear flow.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.559-567
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• 2015

The paper deals with an ultrasonic transducer invented for measuring both flow velocity and pipe thickness. The structure of the transducer is based on the conventional transducers for measuring flow velocity by obliquely transmitting ultrasonic waves to the flow direction. The transducer additionally generates ultrasonic waves transmitting vertically to a pipe for measuring pipe thickness. By measuring flow velocity with the invented transducer and a conventional oblique-incidence transducer and comparing their results, the accuracy of the flow velocity measurement of the invented one was evaluated. By measuring specimen thickness with the invented transducer and a conventional normal-incidence transducer and comparing their results, the accuracy of the thickness measurement of the invented one was evaluated.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2015

PURPOSE: Vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) should be carefully assessed in patient for whom manipulation of the cervical spine is to be undertaken. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in posterior cerebral artery blood flow velocity following head and body positioning by transcranial doppler ultrasonography (TCD) in healthy subjects. METHODS: Twenty two healthy female (mean age $20.77{\pm}1.30yrs.$) participants volunteered to participate in the study. None of the participants had a history of neck pain or headache within the last 6 months. To evaluate the cerebral blood flow, we measured the mean flow velocity of the posterior cerebral artery unilaterally (right side). The blood flow velocity was measured under 3 different head positions (in a neutral head position, ipsilateral head rotation and contralateral head rotation position) and 2 different body conditions (supine position and sitting position). RESULTS: The mean blood flow velocity of posterior cerebral artery was decreased in body positioning from supine to sitting (p<.05), but the decreased rate of blood flow velocity in posterior cerebral artery did not change significantly between ipsilateral head rotation and contralateral head rotation (p>.05). CONCLUSION: These result of our study show that body positioning (sitting and supine) affect the blood flow velocity in posterior cerebral artery.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1994년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.153-156
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• 1994

An in vitro steady flow experiment was performed in order to test the accuracy of velocity measurement obtained through a pulsed Doppler echocardiography. A flow phantom was designed for the use in a wide velocity range at a given flow rate. The results showed that the pulsed Doppler velocity measurement obtained in this flow phantom is accurate at low flow rates. However, ultrasound velocity measurement should be performed under a careful considerations of PRF and Doppler gain settings, especially at higher flow rates.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집(Proceeding of the KOSME 2000 Spring Annual Meeting)
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• pp.140-145
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• 2000

The objective of experimental study is to apply simultaneous measurement by PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) to high_speed flow characteristics within ginseng cleaner model. Three different kinds of flow rate(15.20 27ℓ/min) are selected as experimental condition. Optimized cross correlation identification to obtain velocity vectors is implemented by direct calculation of correlation coefficients. The instantaneous velocity distribution time0mean velocity distribution and velocity profile are represented quantitatively for the deeper understanding of the flow characteristics in a ginseng cleaner model.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2001

Weld line is one of serious troubles which are observed in a plastic part manufactured by a injection molding process. This is caused by many process factors, which are molding pressure, temperature, velocity, location of a injection gate, mold geometry and material properties. investigation on the effects of these process factors to the appearance of a weld line was carried out using a finite element method. Filling and packing analyses were carried out by modifying both the configuration of the injection gates and cavity thickness. Proper locations of the injection gates could be determined by considering molding pressure, temperature, velocity and frozen layer, and whereby the weld line was controled. In order to make a weak appearance of the weld line, flow velocity and flow front in a cavity were also investigated by modifying a cavity thickness. As a result, flow front was extended around the corner in the cavity by changing the flow velocity and hence the appearance of the weld line was much weakened.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1121-1136
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• 2002

The flow characteristics of film coolant issuing into turbulent boundary layer developing on a convex surface have been investigated by means of flow visualization and three-dimensional velocity measurement. The Schlieren optical system with a spark light source was adopted to visualize the jet trajectory injected at 35° and 90° inclination angles. A five-hole directional pressure probe was used to measure three-dimensional mean velocity components at the injection angle of 35°. Flow visualization shows that at the 90° injection, the jet flow is greatly changed near the jet exit due to strong interaction with the crossflow. On the other hand, the balance between radial pressure gradient and centrifugal force plays an important role to govern the jet flow at the 35° injection. The velocity measurement shows that at a velocity ratio of 0.5, the curvature stabilizes downstream flow, which results in weakening of the bound vortex structure. However, the injectant flow is separated from the convex wall gradually, and the bound vortex maintains its structure far downstream at a velocity ratio of 1.98 with two pairs of counter rotating vortices.