• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.115-128
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to explore factors influencing on work values of female college students focusing on parental effect to enhance their participation in labor market. The respondents were asked to answer a questionnaire, and the collected 400 data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0. The results showed that the students and their parents had more leisure-oriented and extrinsic work values than labor-oriented and intrinsic work values. The labor-oriented and intrinsic work values appeared to be high in the group with experience of part time jobs, with high educated father or with middle household income. The influencing factors on college students' work values were parental work values, gender consciousness, self-efficacy and major. The results from this study suggest that parents of college students should be educated to change their work values.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.506-514
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• 2009

Purpose: Nowadays nursing is facing a constantly increasing shortage of employees. While there are many causes for the present nursing shortage, a major contributing factor is the revolution in fundamental values what we expect in life. An understanding of the change can assist in identifying interventions that can be used to address this crisis in healthcare. The purpose of this study is to identify the features they look for in work and the underlying factors of the work values domain. Methods: Using Q methodology, 37 nurses rated 34 selected Q-statements on a scale of 1-9. The collected data were analyzed using pc-QUNAL software. Results: The results showed that work values, which nurses indicate as most important through working, were perceived as 4 factors; 'compensation oriented', 'security oriented', 'professional role oriented' and 'freedom oriented' work value. Conclusion: Providing for these findings will result in greater job satisfaction among nurses, better nurse retention and enhanced patient care within a supportive and harmonious organization.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.143-148
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• 2005

The main purpose of this study is to suggest and evaluate an operational method for assessing the potential impact of climate change on hydrologic components and water resources of regional scale river basins. The method, which uses large scale climate change information provided by a state of the art general circulation model(GCM) comprises a statistical downscaling approach and a spatially distributed hydrological model applied to a river basin located in Korea. First, we construct global climate change scenarios using the YONU GCM control run and transient experiments, then transform the YONU GCM grid-box predictions with coarse resolution of climate change into the site-specific values by statistical downscaling techniques. The values are used to modify the parameters of the stochastic weather generator model for the simulation of the site-specific daily weather time series. The weather series fed into a semi-distributed hydrological model called SLURP to simulate the streamflows associated with other water resources for the condition of $2CO_2$. This approach is applied to the Yongdam dam basin in southern part of Korea. The results show that under the condition of $2CO_2$, about $7.6\% of annual mean streamflow is reduced when it is compared with the observed one. And while Seasonal streamflows in the winter and autumn are increased, a streamflow in the summer is decreased. However, the seasonality of the simulated series is similar to the observed pattern and the analysis of the duration cure shows the mean of averaged low flow is increased while the averaged wet and normal flow are decreased for the climate change.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.543-550
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to verify the mediating effect of the change of grit in the relationship that the change of exercise time of adolescents leads to the change of self-esteem. The data of 2,438 students (male = 1,327, female = 1,111) were used for the analysis, excluding cases including missing values in the data from the wave 1 and wave 2 of the Korean Children and Youth Panel 2018. The standardized residual score generated through regression analysis from the values in wave 1 to the values in wave 2 was used as a variable for the amount of change. As a results, the correlation between the amount of change in all three variables was found to be significant. Result of the hierarchical regression analysis revealed that it was confirmed that the partial mediating effect that the change of exercise time directly or indirectly affects the change of self-esteem through the change of grit is significant. These results indicate that adolescents, exercise time is gradually decreasing as the grade goes up, and this has an effect on the reduction of grit and self-esteem.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2017

This study investigated three $10^{th}$ grade students' concept of rate of change while they perceived changing values of given functions. We have conducted a teaching experiment consisting of 6 teaching episodes on how the students understood and expressed changing values of functions on certain intervals in accordance with the concept of rate of change. The result showed that the students did use the same word of 'rate of change' in their analysis of functions, but their understanding and expression of the word varied, which turned out to have diverse perceptions with regard to average rate of change. To consider these differences as qualitatively different levels might need further research, but we expect that this research will serve as a foundational study for further research in students' learning 'differential calculus' from the perspective of rate of change.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.857-864
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• 2004

The change in the NO emission indices (EINO) in a two-dimensional plane has been investigated, which is due to the interaction between a vortex and methane-air flames established at different equivalence ratios, by solving the field equation. After solving the field equation, the spatial distribution of G-values is obtained. The NO emission index is calculated after applying the appropriate relation between the G-values and the NO production rate or the mass fraction of methane obtained from the library of freely propagating flames created from detailed simulations. When a vortex exists in a reacting flow field, in general EINO slightly increases, whereas ElNO is lowered in the vicinity of the vortex regardless of flow direction. A change in vortex size has negligible impact on EINO$\_$T/ but increasing the vortex strength slightly increases EINO$\_$T/ in the domain of this study.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.344-355
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• 2004

Statement of problem: For a long time, many of denture base acrylic resins have been used for edentulous and partial edentulous patients because of easy manipulation and good mechanical properties, but its esthetic aspect has not been commented enough. Denture base acrylic resins also has caused esthetic problems due to discoloration or staining as in esthetic restoration. Many researches and reports have treated the problems and accomplished esthetic improvement. But these researches and reports dealt with general food colors or beverages, not with fermented foods. Purpose: This study is designed to assess what fermented foods, such as soy sauce, gochujang, and toenjang that many of Koreans have taken in, influence on the color and hardness variation of denture base acrylic resins. Materials and methods: For the procedure, twelve disks per 4 denture base acrylic resins were fabricated with a thickness of 2mm and 16mm in diameter. Each seven specimen were measured for discoloration with spectrophotometer, while the others, five specimen, for surface hardness change with Barcol hardness tester, over time. Each 12 specimen were immersed into the 4 beakers of fermented foods(soy sauces, gochujangs, toenjangs, deionized water), and $L^{*},a^{*}$, and $b^*$ values were measured for the color difference$({\Delta}E^*)$, on the 1st, 7th, and 28th day with spectrophotometer, with the measurement of surface hardness change. Each data observed was processed statistically. Results: The findings are as follows; Discoloration 1. All of denture base resins was not influenced by the kind of fermented foods, except for $QC20^{(R)}$ 2. Soy sauce and red pepper paste caused more change for denture base resins than deionized water and soy bean paste, except for Perform$^{(R)}$ 3. Most significant change was shown in Lucitone 199$^{(R)}$, whereas Perform$^{(R)}$ results in the least change for all immersed solution, with no statistical significance. Hardness change 1. Barcol hardness values in deposited specimens have been changed low degree, but with significant statistical change according to the kind of food and duration. 2. Lucitone$^{(R)}$ 199 as significantly lower Barcol hardness value than others do. Conclusion: Based on the above results, it suggests that the habitual intake of fermented foods is not helpful for the color stability of denture base acrylic resins because Soy sauce and red pepper paste mainly caused discoloration and surface hardness change. Particularly $Lucitone199^{(R)}$ shows specific discoloration and low surface hardness values. Therefore, it is recommended giving caution patients with denture of $Lucitone199^{(R)}$ especially against the habitual intake of fermented foods like soy sauce and red pepper paste.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.2 s.53
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• pp.265-278
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• 1996

This paper concerns professional socialization of medical students. Professional socialization, in the context of this paper, means the process through which a layperson becomes a doctor equipped with professional identity and values. While medical education does not include such process in the curriculum, medical students obtain certain values and identity informally. The dependent variables were professional values and professionalism. The former means the desirable attributes required to conducting professional works such as humane attitudes, science-oriented mind, capability for organizational management. The latter means socio-political reasoning with which doctors can rationalize their privileges such as autonomy. A specially designed questionnaire was developed. The data were collected from five medical schools for 1,318 students in 1994. A total of 1,070 cases were finally included in the statistical analysis. The students emphasized the human factor in the professional values. Their attitude did not change with the grade. Other independent variables such as motives for entering a medical school, socioeconomic status, satisfaction with medical education, etc. also did not influence professinal values. It implies that professional values were not consolidated among the students. However, the factors of professionalism change significantly with the grade. It implies that the students paid more attention to socio-political issues related to doctor's interests as the grade went up. And the factor scores for professionalism were higher for those students who had more positive attitude towards doing medical practice for profit, expected higher income, and were more conservative about social reform. Other independent variables did not influence professionalism. It seems that the students also give emphasis on professionalism, like current medical doctors, mainly because of their concern with recent unfavorable changes in economic conditions of medical care providers.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.228-240
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the T2 value of the articular cartilage of the glenohumeral joint in rotator cuff disease displayed on 3.0T MRI and to apply it in clinical practice. Materials and Methods: This study involved sixty-two patients who underwent shoulder MRI containing T2 mapping. The mean T2 value was measured by placing a free hand ROI over the glenoid or humeral cartilage from the bone-cartilage interface to the articular surface on three consecutive, oblique coronal images. The drawn ROI was subsequently divided into superior and inferior segments. The assessed mean T2 values of the articular cartilage of the glenohumeral joint were compared and evaluated based on the degree of rotator cuff tear, the degree of fatty atrophy of the rotator cuff, and the acromiohumeral distance. Results: ICC values between two readers indicated moderate or good reproducibility. The mean T2 value for the articular cartilage of the glenoid and humeral head cartilage failed to show any significant difference based on the degree of rotator cuff tear. However, the mean T2 values of articular cartilage, based on fatty atrophy, tended to be higher in fatty atrophy 3 or fatty atrophy 4 groups while some subregions displayed significantly higher mean T2 values. There was no correlation between the acromiohumeral distance and the mean T2 values of the articular cartilage of the glenoid and humeral head. Conclusion: T2 mapping of the glenohumeral joint failed to show any significant difference in quantitative analysis of the degenerative change of the articular cartilage based on the degree of rotator cuff tear. However, it also offers quantitative information on the degenerative change of cartilage of the glenohumeral joint in patients with rotator cuff tear and severe fatty atrophy of the rotator cuff.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the hydrological impact due to temporal land cover change by gradual urbanization of upstream watershed of Pyeongtaek gauging station of Anseong-cheon. WMS HEC-1 was adopted, and OEM with 200 m resolution and hydrologic soil group from 1:50,000 scale soil map were prepared. Land covers of 1986, 1990, 1994 and 1999 Landsat TM images were classified by maximum likelihood method. The watershed showed a trend that forest & paddy areas decreased and urban/residential area gradually increased during the four selected years. The model was calibrated at 2 locations (Pyeonglaek and Gongdo) by comparing observed with simulated discharge results for 5 summer storm events from 1998 to 2001. The watershed average CN values varied from 61.7 to 62.3 for the 4 selected years. To identify the impact of streamflow by temporal area change of a target land use, a simple evaluation method that the CN values of areas except the target land use are unified as one representative CN value was suggested. By applying the method, watershed average CN value was affected in the order of paddy, forest and urban/residential, respectively.