• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.1051-1058
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• 2005

This experiment was carried out to investigate the biological function of Lycium chinence Miller yogurt. Antioxidant activity was higher in methanol extract yogurt than in water extract yogurt. The antioxidant activity was shown at 83.9% in Lycii folium extract yogurt, 47.0% in Lycii fructus extract yogurt and 54.0% in Lycii cortex extract yogurt. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor activity was shown highly both in water extract and methanol extracts from the Lycii folium. The $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitor activity was shown at the 4.0% concentration of Lycii folium extract yogurt, Lycii fructus extract yogurt and Lycii cortex extract. In an orally administrated rat, normal yogurt, Lycii fructus extract yogurt and Lycii cortex extract yogurt have no effect on blood cholesterol content. IgG production in blood is more increased in Lycii cortex extract yogurt than in normal yogurt and Lycii fructus extract yogurt.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.537-542
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• 2003

Sixty [(Duroc${\times}$Yorkshire)${\times}$Landrace] pigs (7.63$\pm$0.41kg average body weight and 25-d average age) were used in a 20-d growth assay to determine the effect of dietary recombinant human lactoferricin culture (RHLC) supplementation on growth performance, digestibility and plasma IgG concentration in weaning pigs. Dietary treatments included 1) Negative control (NC : without antibiotic), 2) Positive control (PC : NC diet + 0.1% chlortetracycline), 3) RHLC0.3 (NC diet + 0.3% RHLC), 4) RHLC0.5 (NC diet + 0.5% RHLC). No differences were found among treatments in average daily gain (P>0.05). ADFI of pigs fed RHLC0.3 diet was higher than that of pigs fed PC diet (P<0.05). However, pigs fed RHLC0.5 diet had improved gain/feed compared to pigs fed PC diet. Pigs fed PC and RHLC diets showed significantly increased dry matter digestibility compared to pigs fed NC diet (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in plasma IgG concentrations (P>0.05). The supplementation of RHLC in starter pig diets appears to be an alternative to antibiotics.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.39-42
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• 2009

Soybean is an important sources of plant proteins for human and animal nutrition. The use of soybean proteins has been expanded in the food industry due to their excellent nutritional benefits. But, Soybeans contain allergenic proteins that cause allergies to sensitive individuals. ${\beta}$-conglycinin(7S globulin) and glycinin(11S globulin) are the major components of storage protein in soybean. ${\beta}$-conglycinin consists of three subunits, ${\alpha}^{\prime}$, ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ and exhibits poorer nutritional and food processing properties than glycinin. There is a great deal of interest in the development of soybean lines with reduced amounts of ${\beta}$-conglycinin. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein in 7S globulin. F2 population was developed from the cross of "Jinpumkong2ho"(${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit presence) and PI506876(${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit absence) parent. Total 98 of F2 seeds were obtained and analyzed for the segregation of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein by SDS-PAGE. Among 98 F2 seeds, 70 F2 seeds showed ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein and 28 F2 seeds did not show ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein. The segregation ratios of 3 : 1 for presence and absence of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein were observed(${\chi}^2=0.667$, P=0.414). These data indicate that presence and absence of ${\alpha}^{\prime}$-subunit protein is controlled by a single major gene and might be useful for strain selection of 7S protein reduced soybean.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.29-33
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• 2010

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seed is the main source of protein and oil for human and animal. The use of soybean protein has been expanded in the food industry due to their excellent nutritional benefits. But, antinutritional and allergenic factors are exist in the raw mature soybean. Lipoxygenase, Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) protein, and ${\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ of 7S globulin are main antinutritional factors in soybean seed. Breeding of a new soybean strain with lacking these components is needed. The objective of this research was to select new soybean line with lipoxygenase-free, KTI-free, and ${\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ free (lx1lx1lx2lx2lx3lx3titicgy1cgy1 genotype). Total 434 $F_2$seeds were obtained from the cross of cultivar, "Gaechuck#2" and PI506876. Presence and absence of lipoxygenase, KTI protein, and ${\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ of 7S globulin was tested by SDS electrophoresis using a partial seed of each $F_2$seed. Only one $F_2$seed with lacking these three components was selected and was planted to $F_2$plant. Absence of lipoxygenase, KTI, and ${\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ protein was confirmed on the $F_3$seeds harvested. Selected line with lx1lx1lx2lx2lx3lx3titicgy1cgy1 genotype might be useful for soybean breeding.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.65-76
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• 1996

In order to evaluate the significance of thyrotropin-binding inhibiting immunoglobulin (TBII) in the patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases, the authors investigated 402 cases of Graves' disease and 230 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis comparing 30 cases of normal healthy adult at Kyung Pook University Hospital from February 1993 to August 1994. The TBII was tested by radioimmunoassay and assesed on the dynamic change with the disease course, thyroid functional parameters, and other thyroid autoantibodies : antithyroglobulin antibody (ATAb) and antimicrosomal antibody (AMAb) including thyroglobulin. The serum level of TBII was $40.82{\pm}21.651(mean{\pm}SD)%$ in hyperthyroid Graves' disease and $8.89{\pm}14.522%$ in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and both were significant different from normal control of which was $3.21{\pm}2.571%$. The frequency of abnormally increased TBII level was 92.2% in hyperthyroid Graves' disease, 46.7% in euthyroid Graves' disease or remission state of hyperthyroidism, and 23.9% in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The serum levels of increased TBII in Graves' disease were positively correlated with RAIU, serum T3, T4, and FT4, but negatively correlated with serum TSH(each P<0.001). The TBII in Graves' disease had significant positive correlation with serum thyroglobulin and AMAb, but no significant correlation with ATAb. In the Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the serum levels of TBII were positively correlated with RAIU, serum T3, TSH and AMAb, but not significantly correlated with serum T4, FT4, thyroglobulin and ATAb. Therefore serum level of TBII seemed to be a useful mean of assessing the degree of hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease and correlated well with thyroidal stimulation. The serum level of TBII in Hashimoto's thyroiditis is meaningful for the degree of both functional abnormality reflecting either hyperfunction or hypofunction and the immune logic abnormality.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.367-377
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of essential oil on oxidative stress, immunity, and skin condition in atopic dermatitis (AD) induced mice. Methods: This study was a $3{\times}3$ factorial design. Factors were oil type (Lavender, Thyme, and 2:1 mixture of lavender and thyme oil [blending oil]) and treatment period (0 day, 7 days, and 21 days). The samples were 45 mice with AD and randomly assigned to nine groups of five mice per group. The dependent variables such as superoxide radical, IgE, degranulated mast cells, and epidermal thickness were measured. Data were collected from February to April in 2014. Descriptive statistics, One-way ANOVA, Two-way ANOVA, and Tukey's HSD test were performed using the SPSS WIN 20.0 program. Results: Dependent variables were not statistically significantly different by the three oil types (p >.05). Essential oils such as lavender, thyme, and blending oil were all effective in reducing AD symptoms and especially 2:1 blending oil were most effective. There were statistically significant differences by the three treatment periods in all dependent variables (p <.001). There were statistically significant interactions between oil types and treatment periods in all dependent variables (p <.01). For decreasing superoxide radical, degranulated mast cells, and epidermal thickness, 2:1 mixed oil should be applied for at least 21 days. Otherwise to reduce IgE, 2:1 mixed oil should be used for at least 7 days. Conclusion: These findings provide bases for developing effective interventions for AD patients to manage their AD symptoms.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.61-66
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• 2003

This study was conducted to produce the egg yolk Imunoglobulin (IgY) on Vibrio parahaemolyticus from immunized hen with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Vibrio parahaemolyticus is considered as a potentially pathogenic bacteria, the causative agents of the gastroenteritis. According as the LPS antigens were injected into laying hens in order to produce antibodies against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in egg yolk. After chickens were immunized four times in 2 weeks interval and three times booster in 2 weeks interval, the profile of antibody Production was examined by ELISA. The Production of antibody in egg yolk was started in 1 week after the first immunization, reached peak in 7 weeks and maintained until 13 weeks later. The antibody titre in serum showed similar tendency as IgY. No significant difference in antibody titre when the titre compared to water diluted IgY and commercial IgY kit. Purified IgY reacted with only Vibrio parahaemolyticus, but other Vibrio species and food-borne pathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, we showed that it is possible to obtain a high antibody titre in chicken with quite low amounts of LPS antigen. These results suggested that egg yolk antibodies could be a good source for production of specific antibodies to pathogenic bacteria inducing epidemic gastroenteritis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.290-298
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• 2007

Background: The currently available diagnostic markers for pleural effusion have a limited role. The soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) is a molecule recently reported to play an important role in the myeloid cell mediated inflammatory response, and is up regulated in the body fluid by bacterial or fungal products. This study examined the expression of sTREM-1 in pleural effusion. Methods: Between April 2004 and December 2005, 48 patients with pleural effusions were enrolled in this study. The pleural fluids were taken and analyzed for the total protein, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), adenosine deaminase (ADA), and sTREM-1. Bacterial cultures and cytology tests were also performed. Results: The clinical diagnoses were 17 parapneumonic, 14 tuberculous, and 13 malignant effusions. Four patients presented with transudates. The mean ages of the parapneumonic, tuberculous and malignant effusion groups were $57.1{\pm}19.7$, $49.5{\pm}18.6$, $66.9{\pm}15.5$, and $76.0{\pm}18.1$. respectively. The level of sTREM-1 expression was significantly higher in the parapneumonic effusions ($344.0{\pm}488.7$) than in the tuberculous effusions ($81.7{\pm}56.6$) and malignant effusions ($39.3{\pm}19.6$). With a cut-off value of 55.4pg/ml, the sensitivity and specificity for a parapneumonic effusion was 70.6% and 74.1%. Conclusion: sTREM-1 expression is significantly higher in parapneumonic effusions, suggesting its potential role as an additional diagnostic marker for pleural effusions.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.263-270
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• 1998

Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensor system, has rapid response and high sensitivity, can be applicable for detecting reaction times of many biospecific interactions. A SPR sensor system was constructed to detect the antigen-antibody reactions of salmonella and hIgG (human immunoglobulin G). Sensor chips made of gold thin film were used for detecting biological bindings of antigen and antibody reactions. The antigen and antibody reactions for salmonella and hIgG were carried out with various time intervals to observed characteristics of these reactions using SPR sensor system. The resonance angle shift changes were clearly observed at the time of salmonella or hIgG antibody injection into sample cell since each antibody was self-assembled on gold chip surface of the sensor. It was found that the antibodies of salmonella and hIgG reacted with its sensor chip surface in 10 minutes and 60 minutes respectively. And the antigens of both salmonella and hIgG were bound to its antibody within 1 minute.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.186-196
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• 2004

Purpose: Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic inflammatory liver disease with unknown cause that is characterized by liver histology, circulating autoantibodies and increased levels of immunoglobulin G. Only sporadic reports are available on autoimmune hepatitis in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, biochemical, and histological features, and the long-term outcome of autoimmune hepatitis in Korean children. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 14 children diagnosed as having autoimmune hepatitis at Seoul National University Children's Hospital from 1990 to 2004, and analyzed clinical, biochemical, and histological features, and clinical outcomes. Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 9 years and 11 of the 14 children were female. Six children presented with acute hepatitis-like manifestations. Jaundice and fatigue were the most common symptoms. Other autoimmune diseases accompanied in 6 children. Anti-nuclear antibody was detected in 13 patients and anti-smooth muscle antibody was positive in 8. All 14 patients were type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. The main histologic findings were interface hepatitis, rosette formation, and cirrhosis. Clinical and biochemical features were improved in six patients treated with ursodeoxycholic acid. Eight patients were treated with corticosteroid alone or in combination with azathioprine and five of them are in biochemical remission. Conclusion: Autoimmune hepatitis is an inflammatory liver disease, which has a favorable long-term outcome if it is diagnosed and treated promptly. Therefore, autoimmune hepatitis should be suspected in children with chronic hepatitis of unknown etiology, especially in female patients who show hypergammaglobulinemia or some clinical features of autoimmune disease.