• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.228-234
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• 1993

A new series of 7-deazapurine derivatives[7,8] as purine antagonists was prepared. Diethyl 4-cyano-N-(diphenyimethylene)-3-arylglutamate[3] were synthesized by LDA-catalyzed Michael addition of N-(diphenylrnethylene)glycine ethyl ester with (E)-2-cyano-3-arylacrylate. Deprotection yields diethyl 4-cyano-3-arylglutamate, which were easily cyclized to 4-cyano-2-ethoxycarbonyl-5-oxo-3-arylpyrrolidine[4]. The compounds[4] were treated with NaBH$_{4}$ and then with (C$_{2}$H$_{5}$)$_{3}$OBF$_{4}$ to give 4-cyano-5-ethoxy-2H-2-ethoxymethyl-3-aryl-3,4-dihydropyrrole[6], which were converted to 7-aryl-6-amino-8-ethoxymethyl-7,8-dihydro-7(3H, 9H)-deazapurine-2-thione[7] and 7-aryl-2,6-diamino-8-ethoxymethyl-7,8-dihydro-7(9H)-deazapurine[8] with possible activity against neoplastic disease.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.296-301
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• 2015

Chronic kidney diseases are based on uncontrolled immunological and inflammatory responses to pathophysiological renal circumstances such as glomerulonephritis, which is caused by immunological mechanisms of glomerular inflammation with increased production of renal pro-inflammatory cytokines. Pentoxifylline (PTX) exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting cytokine and chemokine production through aggregation of erythrocytes and thrombocytes. We synthesized a series of 1,7-substituted methylxanthine derivatives by the Traube purine reaction, and the formation of purine ring was completed through nitrosation, a reduction of the nitroso to the amine by catalytic hydrogenation as derivatives of PTX. Then we studied biological activities such as renal anti-inflammatory effects of the synthesized compounds in the production of cytokines such as nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and of chemokines such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and IL-8 in Raw 264.7 and HK-2 cells. Renal antiinflammatory activities of this novel series of N-1 and N-7-substituted methylxanthine showed that the N-7 methyl-group-substituted analogs (S7b) showed selective 61% and 77% inhibition of the production of NO and IL-8. The other replacement of the N-1-(CH₂)₄COCH₃ roup, as in the case of compound S6c, also showed an effective 50% and 77% inhibition of TNF-α and IL-8 production in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 and HK-2 cells.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.161-167
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• 1991

The kinetics of hydrolysis of cinnamenylisophorone derivatives (${rho}-H,\;{rho}-Br,\;P-Cl,\;{rho}-OCH_3$) was investigated using ultraviolet spectrophotometry in 20%(v/v) dicxane-$H_2O$ at 25$^{\circ}C$. A rate equation which can be applied over wide pH range (pH $1.0{\sim}13.0$) was obtained. In order to investigate the substituent effects on cinnarnenylisophorone derivatives, Hammett constant was plotted. As the result, the rate of hydrolysis of cinnamenylisophorone derivatives was facilitated by electron donating group. Final products of the hydrolysis were benzaldehyde and isophorone, From the measurement of reaction rate constant according to pH changes, substituent effect, and final products, it was found that the hydrolysis of cinnarnenylisophorone derivatives was initiated by the neutral $H_2O$ molecule which does not dissociated at below pH 9.0, and in the range of pH $9.0{\sim}11.0$ this reaction occurs by $H_2O$ or hydroxide ion competitively, but proceeded by the hydroxide ion above pH 11.0. On the basis of this kinetic study, the reaction mechanism of the hydrolysis of cinnamenylisophorone derivatives was proposed.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.62-65
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• 1997

The insecticidal and antibacterial activity of new synthesized carbamate derivatives(5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinolinyl-N-methylcarbamate(I), 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinolinyl-N-ethylcarbamate(II)) was examined using 0.2w/v% acetone solutions and 50 $\mu$g/ml-1000 $\mu$g/ml N,N'-dimethylformamide H$_2$O(2:3) solutions of each compounds, respectively. 1. Two carbamates exerted insectiddal effects on Sogata furcifera HORVATH, Delphacodes Striatella FAUEN and Nilaparvate lugens STAL, Whereas no significant effects were observed on the Inazuma dorasalis MOISCHIULSKY Nephateffix apicalis Cincticeps UHLER. 2. These compounds exhibited growth-inhibitory activity against Staphyloccus aureus, Salmonella paratyphi A, Shigella dysenteriae 1a, Escherichia coli NL 1401, at the concentration range of 100-500 $\mu$g/ml in general.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.68-70
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• 1999

Hexahydro-1,2-bertzisoxazol-4-ols prepared from the diastereoselective reductions of 3-aryl-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1,2-benzisoxazol-4-ones were reacted with benzyl chloride in the presence of sodium hydride to give new 4-benzyloxy-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1,2-benzisoxazoles, which showed good herbicidal activity together with excellent selectivity on rice under submerged paddy conditions.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.86-90
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• 2008

Two decursin derivatives were synthesized from decursinol. Compounds 1 and 2 were determined as 7-{3-[4-(2-Methoxy-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-propoxy}-8,8-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-6H-pyranochromen-2-one (1) and decursinol 3'-O-E-pmethoxycinnamic acid ester (2), respectively and newly reported. Compounds 1 and 2 significantly inhibited AChE activity and ameliorated memory impairment induced in mice by scopolamine (1.0 mg/kg body weight s.c.) as measured in passive avoidance test. We suggest, therefore, that compounds 1 and 2 has both anti-AChE and anti-amnesic activities that may ultimately hold significant therapeutic value in alleviating certain memory impairment observed in Alzheimer's disease.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.103-106
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• 2010

Pentiptycene and its derivatives having cavity, ${\pi}-{\pi}$ stacking prohibition, and AIEE functionalities were synthesized. 6,7-Dibromo-1,4-dihydropentiptycene-1,4-epoxide was obtained from the reaction of 6,7-dibromo-1,4-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-epoxide and anthracene. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Prepared pentiptycene derivatives could be useful precursor for organofluorene compounds which could be an excellent candidate for electronic devices such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLED's) and chemical sensor.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.516-519
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• 1994

The derivatives of methyl 5-hydroxy-dinaphtho[1,2-2',3']furan-7,12-dione-6-carboxylate (MHDDC) were synthesized by condensing alkyl sulfate or alkyl halide with MHDDC in organic solvent, and their structures were identified by NMR, MS, UV, IR etc. We also investigated the physico-chemical properties, physiological activities, and set up the micro-analytical method of the compounds.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.198-206
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• 1998

Fourty eight derivatives of 2-(1-oxyalkyl)-1,4-dioxy-9,10-anthraquinone were synthesized, and their antitumor activity was evaluated. On the whole, 2-(1-hydroxyalkyl)-1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinones (DHAQ=1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone) showed stronger cytotoxic activity against L1210 cells than 2-(l-hydroxyalkyl)-1,4-dimethoxy-9,10-anthraquinones(DMAQ =1,4-dimethoxy-9,10-anthraquinone), implying that free hydroxy groups at C-1 and C-4 of the anthraquinone structure are necessary for the cytotoxic activity. The bioactivity of 2-(lhydroxyalkyl)-DHAQ derivatives differed according to the size of alkyl group at C-1;while the elongation of alkyl group over 7 carbon atoms failed to enhance the bioactivity, the derivatives possessing alkyl moiety of 1-6 carbon atoms showed an increase in the cytotoxicity and the antitumor activity in Sarcoma-180; 2-hydroxymethyl-DHAQ ($ED_{50}$, $15\mu\textrm{g}$/ml; T/C, 125%), 2-(1 -hydroxyethyl)-DHAQ($1.9{\mu}g/ml;139.2%)$;, 2-(1-hydroxypropyl)-DHAQ ($7.2{\mu}g$/ml; 135.1%), 2-(1-hydroxybutyl)-DHAQ ($10.2{\mu}g/ml; 125.3%)$, 2-(1-hydroxypentyl)-DHAQ ($23.7{\mu}g/ml; 110.1%$). and 2-(1-hydroxyhexyl)-DHAQ ($58{\mu}g/ml;108%$). Next, 2-(1-Hydroxyalkyl)-DHAQ derivatives were acetylated to produce 2-(1-acetoxyalkyl)-DHAQ analogues. Although the acetylation somewhat enhanced the cytotoxicity, but not the antitumor action. In addition, the presence of phenyl group at $C-1^{l}$ enhanced the cytotoxicity and the T/C value, compared to alkyl groups of same size; 2-(1-hydroxy-1-phenyl)-DHAQ ($ED_{50}$, $5.6{\mu}g$, T/C, 137%).

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.10-14
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• 1989

As potential xanthine bronchodilators related to Doxofylline (1b), 2-(7-theophyllineethyl)-1,3-dioxolane (3), 7-(3,3-dimethoxypropyl) theophylline(5), 2-methyl, 2-(7-theophyllinemethyl)-1,3- dioxolane (8a), 2-phenyl, 2-(7-theophyllinemethyl)-1,3-dioxolane (8b) and 2-(7-theophyllinemethyl)-1,3-benzodioxolane(14) were synthesized from theophylline (1a).