• CELLMED
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.17.1-17.4
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• 2021

Episiotomy is the commonest obstetrics intervention in the world to reduce severe perineal injuries. Its prevalence is 43% to 100% in primiparous women in Asia. Further, worldwide approximately 10-95% of pregnant women undergo episiotomy incision during birth. Delay in wound healing probably increases the risk of wound infection, changes the muscular structure, and ultimately causes muscle tone loss. So, wound care is of specific significance to postnatal maternal outcomes. Hence, this case study aimed to evaluate the effect of Marham-i-Raal in episiotomy wound healing and pain relief. The study was conducted in eleven postpartum primi or multipara pregnant women aged between group 19 and 35 years with term gestational age, singleton pregnancy in a cephalic presentation who had a normal vaginal delivery with mediolateral episiotomy, without a perineal tear, and perineal hematoma. Externally, application of Marham-i-Raal 2g on episiotomy incisional wound, twice a day for 10 days was advised. Wound healing of episiotomy and pain intensity was assessed with REEDA ["redness, oedema, ecchymosis, discharge and approximation of the edges"] scoring and VAS scoring for pain intensity respectively. At one hour (baseline), the REEDA mean score of eleven patients was 3.90±1.04 whereas on day 7-10 it was 0.18±0.40 with statistically significant difference (p<0.001). The VAS mean score at one hour was 6.90±1.22 whereas on day 7-10 it was 0.72±0.78 with a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Marham-i-Raal would be effective in episiotomy wound healing and reducing pain intensity. Further, randomized double-blind controlled trials in large sample size are recommended.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2013

We investigated characteristics and self-incompatibility genotypes of 11 crabapple cultivars to introduce a new pollinizer of 'Fuji' apple tree in Korea. Flowering dates of eleven crabapples were two to seven days earlier than that of 'Fuji'. The rate of pollen germination in vitro was ranged from 85.6% to 98.0% except 'Virginia'. Controlled pollination treatment with each crabapples to 'Fuji' increased fruit set rate about 20.4% to 34.4%, the number of seed per fruit about 13.8% to 42.3% and fruit weight about 7.4% to 16.7% compared to open pollination. Tested crabapples were resistant to peach fruit moth, brown leaf spot and sooty blotch in general. A PCR amplification method using S-RNase primers was carry out in eleven crabapples. S-alleles, $S_3$, $S_5$, $S_9$, $S_{10}$, $S_{20}$, $S_{26} from six crabapples were determinated. Through sequencing analysis, $S_5$ ('Manchurian', 'Virginia') and $S_9$ ('Yantaishagou') showed 100% homologous to previous result. Based on our results, it was recommended that 'Manchurian', 'Hopa A', 'Hanyaehanakaidou', 'Spectabilis' could be promising pollinzers for 'Fuji' apple cultivar.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.55-58
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• 1974

Inulin space was measured in the normal control rabbits and abdominal vena cava partially ligated (to about 1/2 of normal lumen) rabbits. Eleven rabbits served as the control and 12 rabbits after 7 to 10 days of abdominal vena cava ligation were used. Inulin space in the normal rabbits was $376{\pm}102.70\;ml\;(Mean{\pm}S.D.)\;or\;18.0{\pm}5.21%$ body weight. After 7 to 10 days of abdominal vena cava partial ligation inulin space decreased and the values were; $253{\pm}145.79\;ml\;or\;14.4{\pm}8.55%$ body weight.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.93-95
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• 2004

Eleven triterpenoids, colubrinic acid (1), alphitolic acid (2), 3-O-cis-p-coumaroyl alphitolic acid (3), 3-O-trans-p-coumaroyl alphitolic acid (4), 3-O-cis-p-coumaroyl maslinic acid (5), 3-O-trans-p-coumaroyl maslinic acid (6), betulinic acid (7), oleanolic acid (8), betulonic acid (9), oleanonic acid (10), and zizyberenalic acid (11), were isolated from the fruits of Zizyphus jujuba Mill. A simple and rapid HPLC method, using a $C_{18}$ column, has been developed for the quantitative analysis of these compounds 1 (0.74%),2 (0.09%), 3 (0.19%), 4 (0.19%), 5 (0.08%),6 (0.08%), 7 (0.41%), 8 (0.05%), 9 (0.50%),10 (0.59%), and 11 (0.19%).

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.38-42
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• 2002

The strain KKI isolated from soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was identified as Pseundomonas sp. based on analyses by MIDI and Biolog Identification System. Cellular and physiological responses of strain KKI to two-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, naphthalene were evaluated using radiorespirometry, PLFAs and sequence analysis of Rieske-type iron sulfur center of dioxygenase. KKI was found to be able to rapidly mineralize naphthalene. Notably, KKI cells pregrown on phenanthrene were able to mineralize naphthalene much more rapidly than naphthalenepregrown cells. The total cellular fatty acids of KKI were comprised of eleven C-even and two C-odd fatty acids (fatty acids < 0.2% in abundance were not considered in this calculation). Lipids 12:0 2OH, 12:03 OH, 16:0, 18:1 6c, 18:0 increased for naphthalene-exposed cells, while lipids 18:1 7c1/15:0 ism 2OH, 17:0 cyclo, 18:1 7c, 19:0 cyclo decreased. Data from Northern hybridization using a naphthalene dixoygenase gene fragment cloned out from KKI as a probe provided the information that naphthalene dioxygenase gene was more highly expressed in cells grown on phenanthrene than naphthalene.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1025-1029
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• 1992

We experienced eleven cases of pulmonary aspergllosis treated surgically in the period from 1981 to 1992. There were 5 men and 6 women, ranging in age from 28 to 64 years [mean age 40.4 years]. The most common chief complaint of the patients was hemoptysis and blood tinged sputum[7 cases, 63.6%], On preoperativechest film, the case of cavity with fungus ball[7 cases] and only cavity[4 cases] were seen. The location of the lesion were both upper lobe[6 cases] and lower lobe[5 cases]. The underlying disease were tuberculosis[5 cases], bronchiectasis[2 cases], tuberculosis and bronchiectasis[1 case], pneumonia[1 case] and none[2 cases]. The operative procedures of pulmonary aspergillosis were lobectomy[8 cases], cavernostomy[1 case] and thoracoplasty[2 cases]. The postoperative complications were postoperative massive bleeding[reoperation, 2 cases], wound infection[2 cases] and no operative mortality.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.777-783
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• 1994

Oxidation behavior of hot-pressed silicon nitride ceramics with various sintering additives has been investigated. The weight gain of each specimens has shown in the range of 0.11 mg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ ~3.4 mg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ at 140$0^{\circ}C$ for 192 h and eleven compositions have shown good oxidation resistance with the weight gain below 0.5 mg/$\textrm{cm}^2$. The oxidation rate has been shown to obey the parabolic rate law and the oxidized surface has consisted of $\alpha$-cristobalite and M2Si2O7 or MSiO3 (M=rare earth or transition metals) phase. The oxidation rate of each specimens has related to the eutectic temperature between additive oxide and SiO2, and ionic radius of additive oxides, respectively. From the above results, it could be concluded that the oxidation behavior of hot pressed silicon nitride is dominated by the high temperature properties of grain boundary glassy phase and the high temperature properties of grain boundary glassy phase are affected by the ionic radius of additive oxides.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 1993

Supravalvular aortic stenosis is an uncommon, congenital narrowing of ascending aorta just above aortic valve. Eleven patients underwent an aortoplasty to relieve supravalvular aortic stenosis at Sejong General Hospital from July 1985 to December 1991. Age ranged from 5 to 14 years(median 9 years). There were 7 male and 4 female patients. Seven patients had characteristics of Williams' syndrome including elfin face and mental retardation. All patients had localized, hourglass type but 4 patients had atypical findings. Preoperative left ventricula-aortic pressure gradient ranged from 40 to 190 mmHg(mean 88 mmHg). To relieve severe supravalvular aortic stenosis, extended aortoplasty was used in 7 patients and standard aortoplasty in 4 patients. Postoperative pressure gradient ranged from 0 to 40 mmHg (mean 16.6 mmHg). Follow-up pressure gradient with Doppler ranged from 0 to 88mmHg(mean 32.5mmHg).

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 1996

The present study was carried out to obtain the pregnancy and delivery rate following transfer of fresh and frozen-thawed Korean native cattle(KNC) blastocysts(1~4 em-bryos / head) produced in vitro to Holstein recipients. The pregnancy rate of fresh and frozen-thawed KNC blastocysts produced in vitro was 50%(7 /14 heads) and 38.5%(5 /13 heads), respectively. The pregnancy rate of frozen-thawed KNC blastocysts produced in vitro frozen using 1.5M ethylene glycol and 1.4M glycerol for cryoprotectant was 33.3%(2 /6 heads) and 42.9 %(3 /7 heads), respectively. Seven calves including 2 sets of twin were born fiom 5 pregnant recipients receiving eleven fresh blastocysts. Three pregnant recipients were aborted among four pregnant recipients receiving twelve frozen-thawed blastocysts and one calf was born from the rest of one pregnant recipient.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.1 s.136
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• pp.80-87
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• 2004

From the $CHCl_3$ and BuOH soluble fractions of the heartwood of Hemiptelea davidii, eleven compounds have been isolated. On the basis of spectral data, they were identified as ${\beta}-sitosterol$ (1), scopoletin (2), kaempferol (3), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4), 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethanol (5), aromadendrin (6), scopolin (7), kaempferol 6-C-glucoside (8), aromadendrin 6-C-glucoside (9), taxifolin 6-C-glucoside (10) and quercetin 6-C-glucoside (11), respectively. Among these compounds, compounds 3, 8, 10, and 11 showed potent DPPH radical scavenging activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 11.9, 14.7, 10.3 and $6.2\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively.