• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.387-404
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was to observe anticancer and related immunomodulatory effects of Kwibi-tang extracts (KBTe) on non-small cell lung carcinoma (squamous epithelial carcinoma), NCI-H520, xenograft Balb/c nu-nu nude mice. Methods : Three different dosages of KBTe, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg were orally administered once a day for 42 days from 11 days after tumor cell inoculation. Six groups, each of 8 mice per group were used in the present study. Changes in body weight, tumor volume and weight, lymphatic organs (spleen and popliteal lymph node), serum interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$ levels, splenocytes NK cell activity and peritoneal macrophage activities, splenic tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ and IL-10 contents were observed with tumor mass and lymphatic organ histopathology to detect anticancer and immunomodulatory effects. The results were compared with a potent cytotoxic anticancer agent, 5-FU (5-Fluorouracil) 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal treatment (3-day intervals for 42 days, the optimal effective treatment regimes already confirmed). Results & Conclusions : This study suggest that over 50 mg/kg of KBTe showed favorable anticancer effects on the NCI-H520 cell xenograft with immunomodulatory effects. Although relatively lower anticancer effects were observed in KBTe 200 mg/kg treated mice as compared with 5-FU 30 mg/kg treated mice, no meaningful favorable immunomodulatory effects were observed after 5-FU treatment in the present study.

• 대한암한의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2015

Background : The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of the circadian delivery schedule of fluorouracil or capecitabine based chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer. Patients and methods : A meta-analysis was performed using individual data from eight international randomized clinical trials, especially phase II or III trials, comparing 5-fluorouracil, or capeticabine in chronomodulated or conventional schedule. The data from 8 studies was composed of 692 patients receiving chronomodulated chemotheray and 684 patients receiving conventional chemotherapy. The main end point was response rate. Results : Response rate was insignificantly different from each group (RR 1.14, 95%CI 0.74-1.74, p=0.55). Overall survival and progresseion-free survival were not significant either. Chemotherapy induced anemia, diarrhea, and nausea/vomiting were worse in the chronotherapy group, with statistic significance respectively. On the other hand, chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia, stomatitis, peripheral neuropathy, and dermatotoxicity were better but they were not statistically significant results. Conclusions : Patients lived longer but not significantly on chronomodulated chemotherapy rather than on conventional chemotherapy. Patients on chronomodulated chemotherapy experienced adverse events more. The chronomodulated chemotherapy schedule needs adjustment of its delivery schedule and further research is required.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1995

W/O and O/W emulsions of tegafur (50 mg/5 ml/kg) were orally administered to rats to compare with their mesenteric lymphatic delivery effects. And also in order to demonstrate the lymph targeting associated to the oral route, it was deemed necessary to investigate the fate of solution after oral administration as a control. Lymph and plasma samples were periodically taken from each subject of mesenteric lymphatic duct cannulated rats. Then, lymph and plasma levels of tegafur and its active metabolite, 5-FU, were simultaneously observed. Also pharmacokinetic parameters were compared with each others. On the other hand, most previous studies of lymphatic transport have not addressed the question of whether an increase in mesenteric or thoracic lymph transport by the manipulation of a suspected variable was due to a selective delivery to the intestinal lymphatics or an overall increase availability. Therefore, based on a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model which represents the characteristics of lymphatic systems, we are also going to determine the contributions of mesenteric lymph transport versus thoracic lymph transport of tegafur reported in reference(13). In comparison with tegafur solution, AUC and mean residence time of plasma tegafur were significantly increased in W/O emulsion but significantly decreased in O/W emulsion. Lymph flow rates were similar in both solution and W/O emulsion but half in O/W emulsion. AUC of tegafur in mesenteric lymph and in plasma for W/O emulsion were 3.7 times and 2.9 times more than those for O/W emulsion, respectively. And AUC of 5-FU in thoracic lymph for W/O emulsion was 3.7 times more than that for O/W emulsion. These results suggested that lymphatic delivery or tegafur by W/O emulsion was more effective than that by on emulsion due to its differences or formation ability of chylomicrons.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.4037-4040
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• 2015

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy and toxic and side effects of recombinant human endostatin (rhendostatin/endostar) combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 70 patients with advanced gastrointestinal adenocarcioma confirmed by histopathology and/or cytological examination were divided into group A (37 patients) and group B (33 patients). Patients in group A were given intravenous drip of 15 mg endostar added into 500 mL normal saline, once every other day until the cessation of chemotherapy or patients' maximal tolerance to chemotherapy. Patients in group B received chemotherapy alone. Two groups selected the same chemotherapy regimens. FOLFIRI scheme: 90-min intravenous drip of $180mg/m^2$ irinotecan, intravenous drip of $200mg/m^2$ calcium folinate (CF) and $400mg/m^2$ 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) on d1, and continuous intravenous pumping of 2 $400mg/m^2$ 5-Fu for 46 h. FOLFOX4 scheme: intravenous injection of $85mg/m^2$ oxaliplatin (L-OHP), $200mg/m^2$ calcium folinate (CF) and $400mg/m^2$ 5-FU on d1 for 2 h, and then continuous intravenous pumping of 2 $400mg/m^2$ 5-Fu for 46 h. XELOX scheme: oral administration of 1 $500mg/m^2$ xeloda (or tegafur 50~60 mg) in twice during d1~14 and intravenous drip of $135mg/m^2$ L-OHP on d1 for 2 h. The modified FOLFOX scheme: intravenous injection of $135mg/m^2$ L-OHP on d1 for 2 h, $200mg/m^2$ CF and 1.0 g tegafur during d1~5. Whereas, control Group B received chemotherapy regimens which were same as Group A, but no addition of endostar. Before chemotherapy, patients were given intravenous injection of 8 mg ondansetron, intramuscular injection of 10 mg metoclopramide and 20 mg diphenhydramine for prevention of vomiting, protection of liver and stomach as well as symptomatic supportive treatment. One cycle was 21 d, 4~6 cycles in total. The efficacy was evaluated every 2 cycles. Results: 32 patients in Group A could be evaluated, and the response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 59.38% and 78.13%, respectively. 31 patients in Groups could be evaluated, and the RR and DCR were 32.26% and 54.84%, respectively. The differences between 2 groups were significant. The toxic effects include myelosuppression, gastrointestinal reaction, fatigue, cardiotoxicity and peripheral neurotoxicity. Conclusions: Preliminary observations show that endostar (once every other day) combined with chemotherapy is effective in the treatment of advanced gastrointestinal cancer, with low toxic effects, good tolerance, deserving further study.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2010

This study was conducted to analyze cost-effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer in Korean healthcare setting. We constructed a decision analytical model to estimate total costs and outcomes of paclitaxel+cisplatin (PC) or docetaxel+cisplatin+5-FU (DCF) for 2 years time horizon in 100 patient cohort with locally advanced head and neck cancer. Base analysis showed that cost savings of PC regimen were 379 million Korean Won and 231 million Korean Won in societal and payer's perspectives, respectively, compared to DCF regimen, and life saved was 0.18. PC regimen as a dominant strategy was found to be robust through sensitivity analyses.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.92-96
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• 1995

The flash point is generally used as a hazardous index of fire or explosion of a flammable liquid. In this study, the lower flash points and the upper flash points according to the composition of Toluene-o-Xylene and Toluene-Methyl Ethyl Ketone mixtures are determined by air-blowing method. As results, relations between the flash points and the compositions of mixtures ; (1) for Toluene-o-Xylene mixtures $T_{fL}$=25.23 $\alpha$ ＋5.34 $T_{fu}$=27.36 $\alpha$ ＋40.50 (2) for Toluene-Methyl Ethyl Keton mixtures $T_{fL}$=10.00 $\beta$-5.00 $T_{fu}$=16.91 $\beta$＋20.45.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.493-507
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• 2021

This article focused on studying the buckling behavior of two-dimensional functionally graded (2D-FG) nanosize tubes, including porosity based on first shear deformation and higher-order theory of tube. The nano-scale tube is simulated based on the nonlocal gradient strain theory, and the general equations and boundary conditions are derived using Hamilton's principle for the Zhang-Fu's tube model (as higher-order theory) and Timoshenko beam theory. Finally, the derived equations are solved using a numerical method for both simply-supported and clamped boundary conditions. The parametric study is performed to study the effects of different parameters such as axial and radial FG power indexes, porosity parameter, nonlocal gradient strain parameters on the buckling behavior of di-dimensional functionally graded porous tube.

• 대한위암학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한위암학회 2004년도 제17회 춘계학술대회
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• pp.33-33
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• 2004

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the association between adenosine triphosphate-based chemotherapy response assays (ATP-CRAs) and subsets of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: In total, 15 gastric cancer tissue samples were obtained from gastrectomies performed between February 2007 and January 2011. Chemotherapy response assays were performed on tumor cells from these samples using 11 chemotherapeutic agents, including etoposide, doxorubicin, epirubicin, mitomycin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin, irinotecan, docetaxel, paclitaxel, methotrexate, and cisplatin. TILs in the tissue samples were evaluated using antibodies specific for CD3, CD4, CD8, Foxp3, and Granzyme B. Results: The highest cancer cell death rates were induced by etoposide (44.8%), 5-FU (43.1%), and mitomycin (39.9%). Samples from 10 patients who were treated with 5-FU were divided into 5-FU-sensitive and -insensitive groups according to median cell death rate. No difference was observed in survival between the two groups (P=0.216). Only two patients were treated with a chemotherapeutic agent determined by an ATP-CRA and there was no significant difference in overall survival compared with that of patients treated with their physician's choice of chemotherapeutic agent (P=0.105). However, a high number of CD3 TILs was a favorable prognostic factor (P=0.008). Pearson's correlation analyses showed no association between cancer cell death rates in response to chemotherapeutic agents and subsets of TILs. Conclusions: Cancer cell death rates in response to specific chemotherapeutic agents were not significantly associated with the distribution of TIL subsets.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.30-34
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• 2015

전이성 위암에서 1차 항암화학요법은 생존 기간을 연장시키고 삶의 질을 향상시키므로 환자의 전신 상태가 양호하다면 표준 요법으로 시행되어야 하며, 국내에서는 fluoropyrimidine과 platinum의 병합 요법이 가장 흔하게 사용된다. 또한 1차 치료에 실패한 위암 환자에서 2차 항암화학요법은 표준 치료이며, 환자의 전신 상태에 따라 그 시행을 적극적으로 고려해야 한다. HER2 양성 위암에서는 trastuzumab 포함 복합 항암화학요법을 시행해야 하며, 진행성 위암으로 진단 시 먼저 HER2/neu 과발현 여부를 확인하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 최근 혈관 신생 성장인자와 관련된 ramucirumab의 항암효과에 대한 임상 결과가 보고되었고, 현재 진행성 위암 환자를 대상으로 C-MET, PI3K, FGFR 및 immune checkpoint 등과 연관된 여러 새로운 표적 치료제에 대한 임상 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으므로 이들 연구 결과가 임상 현장에 적용될 경우 향후 환자들의 생존과 삶의 질을 향상시키며, 더 나아가 환자 개개인의 분자적, 유전적 특성에 맞는 치료를 할 수 있을 것으로 전망되는 바이다. 저자들은 전신 상태가 비교적 양호하고 고령이 아닌 55세의 남자 환자가 T3N3M0 (Stage IIA)의 진행성 위암을 진단받고 수술적 치료 후 추적 관찰 도중에 간에 다발성의 전이성 병변들이 새롭게 확인되어 고식적인 항암화학요법의 실제 임상에서의 적용을 보고하고자 본 증례를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.