• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1576-1581
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• 2007

알코올 의존의 음주 행동에 VTA에서 NA로 뻗어 있는 도파민 대뇌 보상 경로가 중요하다. 이러한 경로의 토파민 활성도가 $5-HT_3$계 신경에 의하여 조정되고 있으며, $5-HT_3$ 수용체 길항제인 ondansetron (OND)이 알코올리즘 환자에서 음주량을 감소시키고 금주률을 높인다는 보고가 있다. 이에 생쥐의 섭취량에 대하여 $5-HT_3$ 수용체 길항제인 ondansetron의 투여 효과와, 이러한 ondansetron 및 비 특이적 아편계 수용체 길항제인 naltrexone (NTX)과의 병합 투여 효과를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 알코올 의존화 된 C57BL/6형 수컷 생쥐를 4군으로 나눈 뒤, 10일간 각 군에 vehicle, OND 0.01 mg/kg 단독, NTX 1.0 mg/kg 단독, 및 OND 0.01 mg/kg과 NTX 1 mg/kg 병합 투여하면서 2시간 알코올의 섭취량, 22시간 물 섭취량, 24시간 사료 섭취량 및 체중을 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 2시간 알코올 섭취량의 10일간 변화에 대해 vehicle 투여 군과 나머지 3군의 약물 투여군과 repeated measure ANOVA를 이용하여 각각 비교하였을 때, vehicle 투여군과 NTX 단독 투여군간에 유의한 교차가 관찰되었으나 (p=0.042), OND 단독 투여군과 NTX과 OND 병합 투여군은 vehicle 투여군과 유의한 차이가 없었다. 일별 2시간 알코올 섭취량에 대하여 NTX 투여군과 vehicle 투여군의 군간 비교시 vehicle 투여군에 비하여 NTX 투여군에서 약물 투여 4일부터 10일까지 유의하게 감소하였다(4일 p=0.010; 6일 p=0.050; 8일 p=0.017; 10일 p=0.005). 그리고 NTX과 OND 병합 투여군과 vehicle 투여군의 양군을 비교하였을 때에는 2시간 알코올 섭취량이 4일과 10일에만 유의하게 감소하였다(4일 p=0.049; 10일 p=0.022). 그러나 22시간 물 섭취량, 24시간 사료 섭취량 및 체중의 10일간 변화에 대해 vehicle 투여군과 나머지 3 군의 약물 투여군과의 repeated measure ANOVA를 이용하여 각각 비교하였을 때, 모두 유의한 교차효과가 없었다. 이상의 결과는 생쥐의 섭취량에 대하여 OND의 투여 효과는 없었으며, OND과 NTX의 병합 투여시에는 NTX의 알코올의 섭취량 억제 효과가 감소되었다. 따라서 앞으로 $5-HT_3$ 신경계와 도파민 및 아편 신경계와의 상관관계에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.359-372
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• 2013

Objectives The object of this study was to observe the effects of Hyeongbangjihwhang-tang (HB; Soyangin prescription) on the 5/6 NTX induced CRF rats. Methods Each of Hyeongbangjihwhang-tang aqueous extracts 200mg/kg were orally administered once a day for 35 days from 4 weeks after 5/6 NTX surgery. Four groups, each of 8 rats per group were used in this study, were sham group, CRF group, ${\alpha}$-Tocoperol group and HB group. Changes on the left remnant kidney weights, serum BUN, creatinine levels, caspase-3, PARP immunoreactivities were observed to nephroprotective effects, and relative immunomodulatory effects were monitored based on the changes of lymphatic organ weights and splenic cytokine contents. In addition, the changes on the kidney MDA, GSH contents and SOD, CAT activities were also calculated for antioxidant effects, and the effects on the CRF related cachexia were demonstrated based on the changes of body and epididymal fat pad weights, serum TG, TC, LDL and HDL levels. Results and Conclusions 1) HB was significantly decreased the left remnant kidney weights, serum BUN, creatinine levels and caspase-3, PARP immunoreactivities. 2) HB was significantly increased lymphatic organ weights and splenic cytokine contents. 3) HB was significantly increased body and epididymal fat pad weights, and was significantly decreased serum TG, TC, LDL and HDL levels. 4) HB was significantly decreased MDA contents, and was significantly increased GSH contents and SOD, CAT activities. The results obtained in this study suggest that HB significantly retarded immunosuppressions and cachexia related to the 5/6 NTX induced CRF through modulations of oxidative defense systems. Especially HB showed the highest favorable effects more than those of ${\alpha}$-tocoperol.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Soy isoflavones are expected to improve menopausal symptoms and osteoporosis in women. However, their efficacy is still inconclusive, and there was limited data for postmenopausal women in South Korea. We examined the effects of soy isoflavones on climacteric symptoms, bone biomarkers, and quality of life in Korean postmenopausal women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A randomized, double-blind study design was used. Eighty-seven participants who had undergone natural menopause were randomly administered either 70 mg/day isoflavones (n = 43) or placebo (n = 41) for 12 weeks. We assessed the Kupperman index for climacteric symptoms and the menopause-specific quality of life (MENQOL) questionnaire for quality of the life. Biomarkers of bone metabolism were also measured in serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteocalcin (OC), N- and C-terminal cross-linking telopeptides of type Ι collagen (NTx, CTx), and urine-deoxypyridinolin (u-DPD). RESULTS: Scores of the Kupperman index were decreased in both the isoflavones group ($-7.0{\pm}15.8$, P = 0.0074) and placebo group ($-6.3{\pm}14.6$, P = 0.0064) during the intervention, but no significant difference was noted between the groups. Regarding the bone formation markers, the level of serum BALP increased by $6.3{\pm}4.1%$ (P = 0.004) and OC increased by $9.3{\pm}6.2%$ (P < 0.001), meanwhile those of the placebo were not changed. For the bone resorption markers, NTx, CTx, and u-DPD were not significantly different in either group. MENQOL was significant decreased in the isoflavone group ($-0.6{\pm}0.5$) and placebo group ($-0.6{\pm}0.4$), with a significant difference between groups (P = 0.0228). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that 70 mg isoflavones supplement has beneficial effects on bone formation markers; however, it showed no benefit compared to the placebo on climacteric symptoms or quality of life.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.528-536
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• 2019

목적: 저에너지 손상에 인한 척추체 압박골절이 발생한 골다공증 환자들에서 척추체 압박률의 변화, 요추부 동통 및 척추체 골절 치유에 테리파라타이드가 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2016년 1월부터 2017년 12월까지 골밀도 검사상 T 점수가 -3.5 이하인 심한 골다공증성 척추 압박골절 환자 57명을 대상으로 하였다. 최소 6개월간 척추체 압박률의 변화, 시각통증지수(visual analogue scale, VAS) 및 Oswestry disability index(ODI)를 조사하였고 수상 후 자기공명영상에서 손상된 척추체의 골수 부종의 형태, 최종 추시 방사선 사진에서 추체내열의 유무, osteocalcin, N-terminal telopeptide (NTx) 등 골 형성 표지자의 변화 및 실험군 및 대조군에서 인구통계적 차이를 조사하였다. 결과: 실험군(테리파라타이드군)에서 3개월 후 평균 압박률은 20%, 대조군에서 38%였고 시간에 따른 척추체 압박률 변화에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05; t-test). 각 군 내에서 추시 기간에 따른 척추체 압박률의 변화 정도를 비교하였을 때 실험군에서는 척추체 압박률이 유의하게 증가하지 않았으며(p=0.063), 대조군에서는 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 척추체의 평균 압박률이 변화하지 않는 평형기에 도달하는 시기는 실험군에서 1개월, 대조군에서 3개월이었다. 실험군에서 VAS가 0.39점, 대조군에서 1.07점으로 실험군에서 VAS의 호전 정도가 우수하였다. 실험군에서 ODI가 33.72점, 대조군에서 39.52점으로 실험군에서 ODI가 우수하였다. 최종 추시 방사선 사진에서 추체내열이 있는 증례가 실험군에서는 없었고(0%), 대조군에서는 1명이었다(2.2%). 실험군에서 osteocalcin 평균은 수상 직후 17.15 ng/ml, 6개월 후 24.20 ng/ml로 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p=0.003), NTx 평균은 수상직후 49.54 nMBCE/mMCr, 6개월 후 49.98 nMBCE/mMCr로 유의한 차이가 없었다(p=0.960). 결론: 심한 골다공증 환자에서 발생한 척추체 압박골절의 치료 약제로서 주 단위 테리파라타이드는 골절의 유합을 촉진하여 척추체 붕괴를 방지하며 요추부 동통을 더 빠르게 경감시킨다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.80-89
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• 2016

The effects of Cudrania tricuspidata (CT) extract on markers of osteoporosis were examined in ovariectomized rats. We classified 26 rats into five groups and provided a pellet chow diet and tap water throughout the 27-wk experimental period. During the last 15 wk, we added oral injections to each group as follows: sham-operated (SHAM, n=4) and ovariectomized-control (OVX, n=5) with distilled water, alendronate with 10 mg/kg/d of alendronate sodium (ALEN, n=5), CT (CT100, n=6) with 100 mg/kg/d of CT, and CT (CT300, n=6) with 300 mg/kg/d of CT. After the experimental period, blood, urine, and micro-CT images were assessed. The CT100 and OVX groups did not show any significant differences in urinary n-terminal telopeptide (NTx) (p<0.05 ), but with increases in CT concentration, the NTx level was slightly reduced. Serum osteocalcin was significantly higher in the CT groups than in all other groups (p<0.05 ). Notably, the serum calcium levels of all groups were within the normal range, but urinary calcium levels in the CT groups were significantly lower than the OVX group (p<0.05 ). In addition, the CT groups exhibited higher trabecular BMD than the OVX groups while showing similar BMD to the ALEN group (p<0.05 ). The Tb.Th of the ALEN group was lower than all other groups. Based on the overall analysis of results, CT prevented bone loss by inhibiting bone resorption and enhancing bone formation. Although alendronate showed a similar effect in preventing bone loss, it did so by solely inhibiting bone resorption, and its long-term use reportedly causes paradoxical effects such as hip fractures. Thus, for osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy, we conclude that CT extract is an effective natural treatment without severe side effects.