• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.30-39
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• 2018

Introduction: The aim of this study protocol is to share and disclose the methodology used to develop an evidence-based clinical practice guideline (CPG) of therapeutic interventions used in Korean medicine for patients with stroke. Methods: The CPG development process will consist of two phases. In phase I, a development committee will be established, and they will decide the key questions to be answered. A systematic review and meta-analysis will be performed to answer these key questions by searching relevant randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews. Draft recommendations will be developed according to the evidence level and recommendation grades primarily determined using the GRADE methodology. Panels comprised of external experts will be formed, and surveys and a face-to-face meeting will be conducted to reach a consensus on the recommendations. A preliminary guideline will be created after final review by the development committee. In phase II, we will conduct clinical trials and economic analysis to supplement the lack of evidence found in the phase I. Conclusion: The CPG is expected to help doctors practicing Korean medicine in clinics or hospitals with making decisions based on the most reliable evidence, ultimately leading to the provision of optimal care for patients with stroke.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.125-137
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the literature on depression among South Korean nurses in order to identify overall trends regarding depression. Methods: Forty-five papers published between 1998 and 2017 in three Korean databases-RISS4U, DBPIA, and KISS-were analyzed. Results: Depression showed significant positive associations with job stress, burnout, intent to leave, and somatic symptoms such as fatigue and trouble sleeping. Poor work environments such as staff shortage, work overload, and shift work were also positively associated with depression. Higher job satisfaction, resilience, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and social support were negatively correlated with and acted as significant buffers against depression. Conclusion: These results indicate that healthcare policymakers must pay more attention to the management and prevention of nurses' depression. In order to effectively do so, poor work conditions, which involve long working hours, high patient-to-nurse ratios, and extreme workloads, should be improved. Simultaneously, nursing managers should implement initiatives such as counseling and competency improvement programs, and stress management to reduce and prevent depression among nurses and strengthen their positive competency. Also, further research is required to clarify the prevalence of depression in South Korean nurses, with more meta-analyses also required to identify variations in depression rates owing to various factors.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.274-284
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and characteristics of health care programs for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Korea. Methods: This study was conducted according to the Cochrane Collaboration's systematic literature review handbook and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guideline. We searched eight international and domestic electronic databases for relevant studies. Two reviewers independently selected the studies and extracted data. For each study, information on the research method, participants, characteristics of the program, and results were extracted using a previously established coding table. The National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency's risk of bias assessment tool for non-randomized studies was used to assess the risk of bias of the included articles. A qualitative review of the selected studies was performed because the interventions differed considerably and the measured outcomes varied. Results: Out of 128 initially identified papers, seven were included in the final analysis. The risk of bias was evaluated as generally low. Health care programs for pregnant women with GDM showed positive effects on blood glucose control. Anxiety and depression were reduced, and self-management and self-care behavior, self-efficacy, and maternal identity improved. Conclusion: Our study provides clinical evidence for the effectiveness of health care programs for pregnant women with GDM, and its results can be used to support the development of health care programs for GDM. More well-designed research is needed on GDM, especially studies that deal with emotional stress and apply a family-oriented approach.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.617-635
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to discuss how to improve the maneuverability of lifting and diving for underwater vehicle's vertical motion. Therefore, to solve these problems, applied the 3-D numerical simulation, Taguchi's Design of Experiment (DOE), and intelligent parameter design methods, etc. We planned four steps as follows: firstly, we applied the 2-D flow simulation with NACA series, and then through the Taguchi's dynamic method to analyze the sensitivity (β). Secondly, take the data of pitching torque and total resistance from the Taguchi orthogonal array (L9), the ignal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and analysis each factorial contribution by ANOVA. Thirdly, used Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) method to train the non-linear meta-modeling and found out the best factorial combination by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Weighted Percentage Reduction of Quality Loss (WPRQL). Finally, the application of the above methods gives the global optimum for multi-quality characteristics and the robust design configuration, including L/D is 9.4:1, the foreplane on the hull (Bow-2), and position of the sail is 0.25 Ls from the bow. The result shows that the total quality is improved by 86.03% in comparison with the original design.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.39-44
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• 2022

Mathematics franchise education companies are developing various online learning systems to provide on-off integrated education to learners. Most online learning systems deliver one-way lecture content to learners and perform quantitative problem-solving learning for learning results. However, each learner has different academic achievement competencies, and it is impossible to determine exactly where the level of understanding fell when solving a math method. and based on this, establish an online learning system to discover the weak points of learners and propose an effective learner management method. Through the developed learning method and system, it is expected to cultivate balanced problem-solving ability for learners and provide differentiated brand image and counseling service to franchise companies.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.433-439
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• 2021

Acellular dermal matrices (ADM) are a novel graft. The goal of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence behind differences in human and porcine ADM, irrelevant of manufacturing method, and to determine if there is enough of an evidence base to change clinical practice. An extensive literature search was performed through MEDLINE and Embase with search terms defining a population, intervention and outcome. Title and abstract exclusion were performed with other exclusion criteria. In 191 articles were found after exclusion of duplicates, with only 29 remaining following exclusions. Ten studies were found to have level I and II evidence (I=3, II=8), of which two were histopathological, one was an animal model, one was a systematic review, and six were clinical. The remaining studies were reviewed and considered for discussion, but did not hold high enough standards for medical evidence. Strong clinical evidence already exists for the use of human ADM, but questions of access, cost, and ethics require consideration of a xenograft. Histopathologically, evidence suggests minimal long-term differences between human and porcine ADM, although there is a short acute immune response with porcine ADM. Clinically, there is limited difference in outcomes, with a small range in effect of different ADM preparations. Considering the effectiveness of ADM in wound healing, more high-level research with appropriate statistical analysis to facilitate a future meta-analysis is recommended to justify a transition from human to porcine ADM.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.49-59
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• 2022

메타버스는 가상, 초월을 의미하는 '메타(meta)'와 세계, 우주를 의미하는 '유니버스(universe)'의 합성어로 현실 세계를 초월한 디지털 세계라고 정의할 수 있다. 이러한 메타버스는 현실 세계와 평행한 디지털 세계의 구축을 시작으로 블록체인(Blockchain), 인공지능(AI) 등의 기술과 고성능 웨어러블 디바이스(Wearable Device) 기반의 높은 몰입감을 제공하여 현실과 상호 작용하는 디지털 세계로 진화하고 있다. 이에 따라, 현재의 메타버스는 기존의 디지털 세계를 구축하고 활용하는 다양한 서비스가 포함된 개념으로 확장되고 있으며, 최종적으로는 현실과 디지털 세계의 경계가 없는 초현실적인 세계로 발전할 것이다. 이러한 메타버스 발전의 뒤에는 많은 보안 기술들이 필요하며, 실제 개인의 프라이버시 문제 및 보안 위협에 대한 우려가 증가하고 있다. 특히, 높은 몰입감을 제공하기 위해 이전보다 더욱 다양한 생체정보를 포함한 개인정보가 사용될 것이며, 이러한 데이터는 개인을 특정하는 ID(Identity)로 활용될 수 있다. 이에, 개인정보에 대한 보안 위협은 더욱 다양해질 것이고, 동시에 안전한 개인정보 활용이 가능한 ID 관리 기술개발의 필요성도 높아질 것이다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 메타버스의 개념과 함께 진화 과정을 제시하고, 메타버스의 진화에 따라 다양해지는 ID 관련 보안 위협 및 대응 기술을 분석을 통해 ID 관리 기술의 현황을 정리한다.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.27-36
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• 2022

Purpose: The coronavirus pandemic has affected the tourism industry in a big way. The travel industry suffered intense damage from the pandemic and procedures acquainted to containing its spread because the pandemic outbreak has led to a decline in the number of tourists and a change in their behavior. At this point, this research is to investigate adequate solutions for tourism industry to overcome the crisis in a post-Covid 19 era. Research design, data and methodology: The current author gathered data from each included study to analyze and summarize the evidence when conducting a literature analysis. This stage involves gathering and reviewing intricate texts databases for the meta-analysis. Results: The current author found total five solutions from numerous literature contents, suggesting how to overcome the crisis in a post-Covid era for tourism industry. Solutions as follows, (1) Drawing beginning illustrations, (2) Introducing Government Backing Programs, (3) Increasing Promotion of Tourism Destinations, (4) Enhancing Safety and Security Measures, and (5) Improving Infrastructure and Facilities. Conclusions: This research suggests that although the global economic recession leads to reduced demand and intense competition from other sectors, the tourism industry will be well positioned to weather these challenges if practitioners of tourism organizations follow five solutions of this research.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.161-177
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• 2022

Microalgae can attach to the surface of ships and then spread to various areas by means of ship transport. The introduction of invasive species through ships is recognized as a marine problem worldwide. Identification of attached microalgae is necessary to investigate such movement between countries through ships. In the present study, through analytical methods we reviewed research data to identify the taxa of domestic attached microalgae and assess the ecological impacts of such microalgae. A total of 87 genera and 153 species (143 species of diatoms, 10 species of cyanobacteria, and 4 genera of dinoflagellates) were identified as native attached microalgae in Korea, and diatoms accounted for 93% of the total. Most of these attached microalgae were identified through research on natural substrates such as seaweeds and bedrock, and some were also identified through experiments using artificial adherent plates. To date, there is no information on microalgae attached to international ships and introduced into Korea. Molecular genetic analysis and systematic management through on-site sampling of international ships, microscopic analysis, and meta-barcoding are necessary to assess the inflow and spread path of hull-attached marine alien species and evaluate the risk they pose to the domestic ecosystem.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.37-55
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on postpartum urinary incontinence. Methods: 'postpartum urinary incontinence', 'postnatal urinary incontinence', 'acupuncture' were searched on 4 online databases (Cochrane Library, Pubmed, CNKI, OASIS). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used acupuncture on postpartum urinary incontinence were included. The methodological quality of each RCT was assessed by using Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: 12 RCTs were finally selected. The overall risk of bias was evaluated as uncertain. 11 studies showed that combined treatment group was better than control group in effective rate and/or ICIQ-SF total score, but among those 1 study was not statistically significant in ICIQ-SF total score. In the comparison of alone treatment group and control group, 1 study showed favorable effect in ICIQ-SF total score, but 1 study was not significant in effective rate. Conclusions: Treatment that include acupuncture can effect on postpartum urinary incontinence. but considering quality of studies, inconsistent and insufficient evidence, further well-designed studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of this treatment.