• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.247-254
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• 1994

Nonionic surfactants, diglycerol N-acyl glutamates were prepared through the esterification of N-acryl glutamic acids and glycidol in the presence of quarternary ammonium salts. Their cmc evaluated by the surface tension method was $0.15{\sim}0.75mol/{\ell}$, and the surface tension of aqueous solution was decreased to 28~35dyne/cm. L-DGLG with acyl group of carbon number of 12 showed good foaming power and emulsifying power, and the emulsifying power in toluene was stronger than in soybean oil. Dispersion effect of L-DGPG and L-DGSG with acyl group of carbon number of 16 and 18 in carbon black and ferric oxide were higher than L-DGLG. All of them showed good biodegradability at $20^{\circ}C$.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.159-164
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• 1999

The study was investigated to the effect of antimicrobial finishing of towel treated by organic antimicrobial agent. It was measured for the optimal condition such as treated time, treated concentration and temperature. After amtimicrobial treatment, mechanical and fastness properties, anti-laundering property were measured.The antimicrobial activity of samples was analyzed quantitatively by masureing the number of colonies of Staphylococcus aureus using the shake flask method. Towel samples treated with the optimal condition such as treated time of 10 minute, and treated temperature of $30^{\circ}C$, concentration of organic antimicrobial agent of 3.5% were shown a high reduction rate in the number of colonies grown and clear zones of inhibition.The effect of reduction rate for laundering until the number of 20 times was shown high reduction rate of over 80%. And the mechanical properties of samples treated with organic antimicrobial agent were not changed approximately.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 2008

The ion exchangers supported on silica gel containing primary, secondary, or tertiary amine groups show a behaviour that is weakly acidic, while the quaternary salts are strongly acidic. These properties change according to the hydrophilicities of the modifier functional groups. Ammonium salt derivatives supported on silica gel were prepared from silica modified with 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysiliane and N-3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propylehtylene diamine. The preparation and the ion exchange properties of two systems were discussed. Two systems have different hydrophilicities and contain ammonium chloride derivatives of 3-amminopropyltriethoxysilane and N-3-(triehtoxysilyl)propyl ethylene diamine supported on silica gel, $SA^+/Cl^-$ and $SA^+/Cl^-$, respectively. The high affinity to perchlorate ion presented by the $SA^+/Cl^-$ through the equilibrium studies of ion exchange led us to its application as an ion selective electrode for the perchlorate ion. The determination of the perchlorate ion in the presence of other anions and in complexes is very difficult. Few analytical methods are available and most of them are indirect. Both materials showed potential use as an ion exchanger; they are thermically stable, achieve equilibrium rapidly in the presence of suitable exchanger ions, and are easily recovered.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.347-351
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• 2013

The preparation of glycerol carbonate (GC) from urea through carbonylation with renewable glycerol was investigated by using ionic liquid catalysts. It was found that quaternary ammonium salt and imidazolium salt ionic liquids with a shorter alkyl chain length and higher nucleophilic anion showed better catalytic performance. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and degree of vacuum on the reactivity of TBAC catalyst ware discussed. Zinc chloride ($ZnCl_2$) was used as co-catalyst with the ionic liquid catalyst. The mixed catalyst showed a synergy effect on the glycerol conversion and GC yield probably due to the acid-base properties of the catalysts.