• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.405-413
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate empathic ability, Nunchi, learning flow and clinical competency, and to identify the influencing factors on clinical competency of nursing students. Method: There were 179 nursing students as participants in K city, who were surveyed between May 10 and May 14, 2021, using a self-report questionnaire. Data were analyzed by frequencies, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression using SPSS Win 21.0. Result: There was a positive correlation between empathic ability and Nunchi(r=.148, p=.048) and between learning flow and clinical competency(r=.605, p<.001). In the multiple regression, Academic achievement(𝛽=.129, p=.049), Age(𝛽=-.116, p=.014) and satisfaction of clinical practice(𝛽=-.242, p<.001) were associated with clinical competency. These factors accounted for 38.4% of the total variance in clinical competency. Therefore, to improve clinical competency of online nursing practice of nursing college students, it is necessary to develop a specific strategy to improve academic achievement and to develop various activities and programs to immerse students in satisfaction of online practice.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.101-113
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• 2011

Objectives : Trend of R&D of herbal medicine for dementia treatment was examined based on the quantitative information analysis for establishing the national strategy of research on dementia treatment with oriental medicine. Methods : Definition was made to clarify the technology for development of herbal medicine for dementia treatment. Based on the initial keyword provided by experts in the field, queries were compounded to conduct search in the search engines of WoS and DWPI. The raw data (papers or patents) extracted from the initial search were examined by expert-review before objects of analysis were determined. Then, the accumulated data was analyzed in terms of year, country and organization, which led to examination of the trend of R&D. And the research performance evaluation for dementia treatment technologies was also made in terms of country, organization and researcher based on the forward citation analysis. The international cooperation intensity was examined on the basis of analysis of network by researcher before analysis results were put together to select lead researchers. Results : According to the quantitative information analysis of 1,330 articles that were selected as analysis objects, the number of papers on natural products research for dementia treatment has increased by around 4.6 times in recent five years. This indicates that the intensive studies have been underway recently. It was found to be the US that had the highest level in research filed of herbal medicine for dementia treatment and the highest capacity of international cooperation for that purpose. On the contrary, Korea had the share of papers at 5.1%, the number of countries in cooperation research at 8, and the article quality index at 0.40, showing that the qualitative level was insufficient, compared to the quantitative outcome. In particular, Korea was found to have no intensity of international cooperation among researchers. In case of patent, the results of information analysis of 305 patents selected as analysis objects demonstrated that China had the highest share while Korea had the very low frequency of patent application quantitatively. Conclusions : In this study, the research to develop herbal medicine for dementia treatment has recently drawn much attention that has spread around the globe. Therefore, these results suggest establishing the strategy to develop technology for dementia treatment with oriental medicine in the future based on quantitative information analysis.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.56-67
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• 1999

This study was designed to identify the relationships of role-conflict and role-overload, coping strategies, and stress response of clerical workers. The subjects were 115 clerical workers from two company. The instruments were the role-conflict and role-overload scale developed by Lee(1989), coping scale developed by Latack(1986), and the stress response scale developed by Chang(1993). Analysis of data was done by descriptive statistics, Cronbach's $\alpha$, Pearson correlation coefficietnt, ANOVA. The results of this study were summarized as follows ; 1. The average score for the level of stress response was $83.6({\pm}9.1)$. The high risk stress group was 86.1% of the clerical workers, the latent stress group members was 13.9%, and healthy group was 0%. The overall stress level was very high. 2. Considering the coping strategies by sociodemographic factors, the use of control coping strategies showed significant differences by work-time. The use of symptom management coping strategies showed significant differences by sex, age, married status, year of career, pay, and type of work. The organizational coping strategies showed significant differences by year of education and type of work. 3. The clerical workers who had worked below 44 hours per week complained significantly lower stress response(F=4.942, p<.05). 4. Above 65% of all respondents answered that they needed all of organizational level coping strategies. 5. The role-confilct positively related to escape and organizational level coping strategies(r=.562, r=.495, p<.05). The role-overload didn't related to individual level coping strategies, but positively related to organizational level coping strategies(r=.320, p<.05). 6. The control coping strategies and the escape coping strategies positively related to symptom management, organizational level coping strategies(r=.409, r=.324, r=.316, r=.339, p<.05). 7. The relationship between role-related stress and stress response revealed positive correlation(r=.482, r=.431, p<.05), and the relationship between stress response and control, symptom management coping strategies revealed negative cor-relation(r=-.3204, r=-.3146, p<.05). In conclusion, this study revealed that relationship of role related stress, coping strategies, stress response was statistically significant. The result of this study support that coping strategies vary across situation of stress. Based on survey results, future studies should consider coping strategies in specific stress situation and concept of symptom management coping strategy. Also organizational or training interventions could be developed and initiate to help to increase the use of adaptive coping strategies in light of individual and situational differences.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.301-309
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors affecting nursing students' professional self-concept. Methods: A survey was conducted from August to October 2022, targeting 110 students in the 3rd and 4th grades at three universities. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple linear regression. Results: There were significant differences in professional self-concept according to application motivation (F=5.43, p=.006), school record (F=3.24, p=.043), major satisfaction (t=-6.38, p<.001), desired occupation (F=9.30, p<.001), participant health status (F=4.31, p=.016), character (F=25.29, p<.001), clinical practice satisfaction (t=-5.36, p<.001), and change of thinking about career path after clinical practice (t=2.78, p=.006). Professional self-concept showed significant correlations with clinical practice stress (r=-0.37, p<.001) and resilience (r=0.66, p<.001). The variables affecting nursing students' professional self-concept were resilience (β=.38, p<.001), character (β=.32, p<.001), major satisfaction (β=.28, p<.001), and clinical practice stress (β=-.18, p=.007); the explanatory power was 65%. Conclusion: A professional self-concept enhancement program should be developed to promote the establishment of a positive professional self-concept in nursing students. As a strategy, it should reflect individual personality tendencies, improve major satisfaction and resilience, and reduce clinical practice stress.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.201-211
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• 2016

This descriptive study was aimed to identify factors which influence safety performance through evaluation of nurse's perception of patient safety culture and safety control in general hospital. Self-administered web surveys were conducted by 342 nurses who employed in general hospital from May 09 to May 13, 2014. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 statistical program. The results of analysis revealed that the score of safety culture perception was 3.34, safety control was 3.50, safety performance was 3.53 and all scores were higher level than usual. There were significant positive correlation between safety performance and perception of patient safety culture, safety control (r=.463~.645, p<.001). The positively influencing factors of safety performance are marital status, frequency of accident reports, general perception of patient safety and safety control. Explanation ratio of the variables for the safety performance was 52.0% in this study(F=4.252, p=.004). This study findings suggest that it would be useful as a preliminary report of nurse's intervention strategy through confirmation of the nurse's positive effect to improve safety performance in general hospital.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.247-261
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to figure out related factors to the self-reported climacteric symptoms and the relationship among the health promoting behaviors, climacteric symptoms and degree of Sanhujori, the Korean traditional postpartal care. A cross-sectional survey design was employed in this study. The subjects were 108 middle-aged women who were non-hystrectomized and ranged in age from 40 to 60 years. They were selected in seoul and Kyoung-ki province, Korea, Data were collected from Oct.25 Nov. 10, 1997 by a structured questionnaire. The instruments used for this study were the revised health Promotion Lifestyle(HPLP) developed by Walker, Sechrist & Pender, and revised Climacteric Symptoms Scale developed by Chi, Sung Ai. the data were analyzed by the SPSS/$PC^+$ program using t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe test as a post hoc and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results of the study were as follows ; 1. The mean score of health promoting behaviors was low($2.42{\pm}0.35$). There were statistically significant differences in the score of health promoting behaviors according to the educational background, family income, marital satisfaction, whether or not taking a restorative food and degree of Sanhujori, especially the period (t=-2.07, F=2.60~7.57, p<0.05). 2. The mean score of score self-reported climacteric symptoms was 1.69%;99% of middle-aged women had symptoms. There were statically significant differences in the score of middle -aged women's self-reported climacteric symptoms according to the age, number of children, educational background, occupation, family income, marital satisfaction, whether or not receiving hormon replacement therapy (HRT) or consultation by a professional, perceived health status and self evaluation of Sanhujori(t=-2.04~3.69, F=2.87~11.63, p<0.05). 3. women's degree of Sanhujori was a positive correlation with health promoting behaviors(r=0.34, p=0.00) and negative correlation with the degree of self-reported climacteric symptoms(r=-0.19,p=0.03). 4. The influencing factors to the climacteric symptoms were self actualization, interpersonal support, and perceived health status among the health promoting behaviors with 57% of variance($R^2$=0.57). 5. The middle-aged women's type of coping pattern for the climacteric symptoms was classified as active behavioral coping, spiritual & psychological coping, and negative coping. In conclusion, to intervene the middle aged women's climacteric symptoms and develop nursing strategies for their health, health promoting behavior, especially ; self actualization, interpersonal support, and perceived health status should be considered. And, as the primary prevention strategy for women's health during the period of childbearing and also middle age, especially for the climacteric symptoms, Sanhujori should be reconsidered.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.537-549
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• 2022

Preproenkephalin (PPE) is a precursor molecule for multiple endogenous opioid peptides Leu-enkephalin (ENK) and Met-ENK, which are involved in a wide variety of modulatory functions in the nervous system. Despite the functional importance of ENK in the brain, the effect of brain-derived factor(s) on PPE expression is unknown. We report the dual effect of neural epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like-like 2 (NELL2) on PPE gene expression. In cultured NIH3T3 cells, transfection of NELL2 expression vectors induced an inhibition of PPE transcription intracellularly, in parallel with downregulation of protein kinase C signaling pathways and extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Interestingly, these phenomena were reversed when synthetic NELL2 was administered extracellularly. The in vivo disruption of NELL2 synthesis resulted in an increase in PPE mRNA level in the rat brain, suggesting that the inhibitory action of intracellular NELL2 predominates the activation effect of extracellular NELL2 on PPE gene expression in the brain. Biochemical and molecular studies with mutant NELL2 structures further demonstrated the critical role of EGF-like repeat domains in NELL2 for regulation of PPE transcription. These are the first results to reveal the spatio-specific role of NELL2 in the homeostatic regulation of PPE gene expression.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 2023

The global increase in multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has inspired researchers to develop new strategies to overcome this problem. In this study, 23 morphologically different, soil-isolated actinomycete cultures were screened for their antibacterial ability against MDR isolates of ESKAPE pathogens. Among them, isolate BOGE18 exhibited a broad antibacterial spectrum, so it was selected and identified based on cultural, morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics. Chemotaxonomic analysis was also performed together with nucleotide sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, which showed this strain to have identity with Streptomyces lienomycini. The ethyl acetate extract of the cell-free filtrate (CFF) of strain BOGE18 was evaluated for its antibacterial spectrum, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged from 62.5 to 250 ㎍/ml. The recorded results from the in vitro anti-biofilm microtiter assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) of sub-MIC concentrations revealed a significant reduction in biofilm formation in a concentration-dependent manner. The extract also displayed significant scavenging activity, reaching 91.61 ± 4.1% and 85.06 ± 3.14% of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), respectively. A promising cytotoxic ability against breast (MCF-7) and hepatocellular (HePG2) cancer cell lines was obtained from the extract with IC₅₀ values of 47.15 ± 13.10 and 122.69 ± 9.12 ㎍/ml, respectively. Moreover, based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, nine known compounds were detected in the BOGE18 extract, suggesting their contribution to the multitude of biological activities recorded in this study. Overall, Streptomyces lienomycini BOGE18-derived extract is a good candidate for use in a natural combating strategy to prevent bacterial infection, especially by MDR pathogens.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2007

Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis is one of the commercially important filamentous cyanobacteria. The heterotrophic cultivation of Arthrospira can be an alternative strategy for commercial mass production. In heterotrophic culture, the specific growth rate of A. platensis M9108, a glucose-resistant mutant of A. platensis PCC 9108, was $0.014h^{-1}$ which was 1.8 higher than that oi the previous report. The mutant possessed the facility to assimilate and to metabolize glucose efficiently under heterotrophic condition. However, the r-linolenic acid content of 6 Arthrospira strains was not increased in heterotrophic culture. Four Arthrospira strains out of 6 tested strains were able to utilize maltose as a carbon source under heterotrophic condition. The biomass production of these strains on maltose was similar to that on glucose. The specific growth rate of A. platensis M9108 increased with glucose concentration up to 5.0 g/L and then decreased at a glucose concentration of 10.0 g/L. Additionally, A. platensis M9108 under heterotrophic condition showed no aggregation during the cultivation in contrast to A. platensis PCC 9108.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.135-143
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• 2020

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is one of the three major old-age onset neurodegenerative diseases, its incidence rate is increasing worldwide as being an aging society. The number of PD patients has increased from 3 million in 1990 to 6.2 million in 2015 and is expected to increase to 12.4 million by 2040. Although many therapeutic candidates have been under development, but not yet been suggested the therapeutics of PD. For analyzing the trends and the status of convergence of technologies in the PD therapeutics, we classified into six sub-categories using global patent information and analyzed the level of technical competitiveness and technology convergence according to year, country, applicant, and technical description. These results can be used as a fundamental understanding for the current technical trend and the status of convergence of PD therapeutics, and establish the direction and strategy of R&D.