• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.245-256
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• 2014

I-core sandwich panel that has been used more widely is assembled using high power $CO_2$ laser welding. Kim et al. (2013) proposed a circular cone type heat source model for the T-joint laser welding between face plate and core. It can cover the negative defocus which is commonly adopted in T-joint laser welding to provide deeper penetration. In part I, a volumetric heat source model is proposed and it is verified thorough a comparison of melting zone on the cross section with experiment results. The proposed model can be used for heat transfer analysis and thermal elasto-plastic analysis to predict welding deformation that occurs during laser welding. In terms of computational time, since the thermal elasto-plastic analysis using 3D solid elements is quite time consuming, shell element model with multi-layers have been employed instead. However, the conventional layered approach is not appropriate for the application of heat load at T-Joint. This paper, Part II, suggests a new method to arrange different number of layers for face plate and core in order to impose heat load only to the face plate.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2009

Welding deformation during the assembly process is affected by not only local shrinkage due to rapid heating and cooling, but also root gap and misalignment between parts to be welded. Therefore, the prediction and control of welding deformation have become of critical importance. In this study, it was focused on the development of the 3-axis apparatus for real-time measurement of the welded deformation. To achieve the objective, a D-H algorithm has been carried out to check the behavioral and performance evaluation for the developed robot. The sequence experiments were taken the base materials of $400{\times}200{\times}4.5mm$ plate for butt welding. The real-time experimental measurements are in good agreement with the measured results.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2003

At present. welding of most pipes with large diameter is carried out by the manual process. Automation of the welding process is necessary f3r the sake of consistent weld quality and improvement in productivity. In this study, two vision sensors, based on the optical triangulation, were used to obtain the information for seam tracking and detecting the weld defects. Through utilization of the vision sensors, noises were removed, images and 3D information obtained and positions of the feature points detected. The aforementioned process provided the seam and leg position data, calculated the magnitude of the gap, fillet area and leg length and judged the weld defects by ISO 5817. Noises in the images were removed by using the gradient values of the laser stripe's coordinates and various feature points were detected by using an algorithm based on the iterative polygon approximation method. Since the process time is very important, all the aforementioned processes should be conducted during welding.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.49-58
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• 1996

In Korea Gas Corporation, as one of the pipeline repairing methods, damaged pipelines are sometimes treated with a temporally employment of split sleeve. On conducting the repair process, circumferential fillet and longitudinal groove welding usually must be included. For the case of groove welding, a considerable amount of R&D have been carried out related to property changes, while few study on the property change in fillet welding has been conducted. In this paper, so as to confirm the specification of fillet welding in terms of safety and reliability, properties changed by fillet welding were investigated for two welding processes. Qualifying tests such as reviewing macrostructure and nick-break tests were performed according to API 1104 and ASME section IX. In addition, tensile properties and hardness were evaluated according to KS B0841 and BS 4515. The fillet weld prepared by the qualified procedure showed melting depth of 0.8∼1.3mm and heat affected zone of 2.8∼3.4mm length. No crack and lack of penetration were observed. And the results of hardness and nick-break tests satisfied code requirements. The area crossed by fillet and groove welding line was found to have minimal tensile strength.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 1996년도 특별강연 및 춘계학술발표 개요집
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• pp.115-118
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• 1996

1. The crack is inifiated at a toe notch and reptured for the skip and continuous welding. 2. Fatigue life of continuous welding is greater than that of skip welding and fatigue life of 2pad continuous welding appears 1.7 times more than that of pad continuous welding. 3. For the skip and continuous welding, fatigue than that of welding materials appears shorter than that of welding materials because of the effect of plastic strain and compressive residual stresses at the crack tip, which are generated by the over loading. 4. Inter-relationship between da/dN-ΔK and delayed phenomenon increases linearly at the state growth area of heat effect section for the skip and continuous welding.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2007

시트프레임은 탑승자와 차량을 연결되는 유일한 구조부품으로 안전성을 위해서는 용접부 품질 향상이 필수적이다. 일반적으로 시트프레임의 용접에는 로봇과 전용지그시스템이 사용되며 로봇과 지그시스템의 간섭으로 인한 용접누락부가 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 업체에서 사용하고 있는 용접지그시스템의 용접누락부에 대해 분석하였고 이를 해결하기 위하여 사용된 3차원 모델링 및 설계변경에 대해 논하였다. 결론적으로 시스템의 용접생산성이 향상되었고 최적의 지그시스템 개발을 통해 수동용접지그가 불필요하게 됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.124-130
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• 2019

Friction stir welding is one of the interesting welding methods for titanium and its alloy which proceeds with plastic flow due to thermo-mechanical stirring and friction heat. Solid-state welding can solve severe problems such as high-temperature oxidation, interstitial oxygen diffusion and grain coarsening by liquid-state welding. Dynamic recrystallization and grain refinement can vary significantly with the plunging load and rotational speed of tool during friction stir welding, and suitable process conditions must be optimized to obtain microstructure and better mechanical characteristics. Suitable FSW conditions were 1000 kg of plunging load and 200 rpm of rotational speed and it showed YS 270 MPa, UTS 332.1 MPa, and El 17.3%, which were very similar to those of wrought titanium sheet.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2014

Laser heat source was applied on 3D poly urethane model built by 3D printer and cellulous acetate for joining. A diode laser with 808nm wavelength was transmitted through the 3D model and applied on the boundary of ABS/Acetate and 3D poly urethane model. Based on the experimental result, the ABS and 3D built poly-urethane polymers was successfully joined, but the mechanical strength was not enough at the joining boundaries in the range of 6watt to 8watt of laser heat source. However, biodegradable acetate was successfully joined without damaging the 3D built model and mechanical strength was properly achieved. The optimum laser power was found between 5watt and 8watt with scanning speed of 500mm/min, 700mm/min and 1,000mm/min. Based on the SEM analysis the filling mechanism was that the applied pressure on 3D built model squeezed the fluidic thermoplastics, ABS and acetate, into the structure of 3D model. Therefore soundness of joining was strongly depending on the viscosity of thermoplastics in polymers. The developed laser process is expected to increase productivity and minimize the cost for the final products.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.12-16
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• 2016

Friction stir welding(FSW) was studied using commercial tool, FLOW-3D. The purpose of this study is to suggest a method to apply frictional heat in Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) analysis. Cylindrical tool shape was used, and the interface cells between tool surface and workpiece were tracked by its geometrical relations in order to consider the frictional heat in FSW. After tracking the interface cells, average area concept was used to calculate the frictional heat, which is related to interface area. Also three-dimensional heat source and visco-plastic flow were modeled. The frictional heat generation rate calculated numerically from the suggested algorithm was validated with the analytical solution. The numerical solution was well matched with the analytical solution, and the maximum percentage of error was around 3%.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.102-110
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 플렉서블 레이저 투과 용접 (flexible laser transmission welding, f-LTW)을 이용한 박형 기판의 사면 접합 (scarf welding) 공정을 개발하였다. 플렉서블 응용을 위해 경사면의 기울기에 따른 인장 강도의 거동을 조사하였다. 박형 기판으로써 100 ㎛ 이하 두께의 플라스틱 기판이 사용되었으며, 사면 접합을 위해서 기판의 말단에 경사면을 형성하는 지그 장치를 개발하였다. 플렉서블 고분자 기판에 대한 경사면 맞대기 접합을 개발함으로써 공정 후 접합부 두께가 증가하지 않는 유연 접합 기술 개발에 성공하였다. 단축 인장시험을 통해 접합부의 인장 강도를 평가하였으며, 그 결과 경사면의 기울기가 완만할수록 인장 강도가 증가함을 확인하였다. 경사각에 따른 접합 계면에서의 응력 분석을 수행하여 접합 구조 설계 인자를 규명하였다. 본 결과는 동일한 공정 조건에서 접합부의 형상에 따라서 인장 강도가 크게 달라질 수 있음을 시사하므로 접합 공정에서 접합부 형상을 고려하는 것에 대한 중요성을 확인할 수 있다.