• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.512-518
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• 2008

This study would like to evaluate the influences with the strength mismatch and the variation of the welding width of the narrow gap welding for the plastic parameter, the major constant determining the plastic ${\eta}$-factor of J-Integral, using 3-D FEM. For this, we evaluate the plastic ${\eta}$-factor according to the variation of the strength mismatch of weldment with same materials and welding width through FEM. Also, we proposed the equation of plastic ${\eta}$-factor considering the variation of the strength mismatch of weldment with similar materials and welding width.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2003

The welding distortion of a hull structure in the shipbuilding industry is inevitable at each assembly stage. The geometric inaccuracy caused by the distortion tends to preclude the introduction of automation and mechanization. Thus, additional man-hours are needed for the adjusting work in the assembly stage. To overcome this problem, a distortion control method should be applied. For this purpose, it is necessary to develop an accurate prediction method that can explicitly account for the influence of various factors on the welding distortion. In order to minimize the weld-induced residual deformation, this paper proposes the optimum welding sequence as a method for distortion control. The validity of this method has been substantiated by a number of numerical simulations and experiments.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회 개요집
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• pp.121-124
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• 2001

The main characteristic of the Electron Beam Welding technique is its high energy density which produces thin and deep welds with very little distortion. High accelerated electrons, focused in a beam of 0.5 ∼ 2mm diameter, produce narrow welds with deep penetration. The result is a small HAZ as well as a low and uniform distortion which is predictible within very narrow limits. But the small diameter of the EB increases the requirements for the equipment control system for centering the beam on the welding joint in order to avoid any lack of fusion. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce the system developed at our company and the quality of welding zone, the detail function of system.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2009년 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.3-3
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• 2009

선박의 건조과정에서 필수적으로 선체 외판에는 선박의 안전과 운항 및 정비 등에 필요한 정보를 나타내기 위해 다양한 종류의 마크 및 문자가 마킹되어진다. 하지만, 단순한 도장 작업만으로는 해상과 같은 부식 환경에서 마크 및 문자가 쉽게 지워지거나 손상되기 때문에 마크 및 문자를 용접 비드(welding bead)로 표시하거나 미리 절단된 강판(steel plate)을 수동으로 용접한 뒤 도장을 함으로써 마크 및 문자의 손상을 방지하고 있다. 이러한 문자마킹작업을 하기 위해서는 작업자가 수작업으로 기준선과 마크 및 문자의 위치를 먹줄 등을 이용하여 마킹을 하고, 해당 마크 및 문자의 템플렛(template)을 이용하여 펀칭을 실시한 후 수동으로 용접을 실시한다. 하지만, 수작업을 통한 선체외판 문자마킹 작업은 작업자의 기량에 따라 품질이 상이하여 품질 저하의 원인이 된다. 또한 대조립 및 탑재 단계에서 문자 마킹 작업시 수직자세의 용접을 요구함으로써 작업자가 안전사고에 노출되어 있으며, 선박의 각 단계별 주요 공정보다 작업시간이 길어져 전체 선박 건조공정을 지연시키는 문제점 등을 야기시킬 수 있다. 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 조선업계에서는 선체 외판의 마크 및 문자를 자동으로 용접할 수 있는 장치를 개발하기 위해 노력해왔으며, 몇몇 개발 사례가 보고되고 있다. 하지만, 그 실효성 부분에서는 아직까지 해결하지 못한 문제점들로 인해 현장 적용에는 어려움을 보이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 선박외판 문자 자동용접장치의 기능성뿐만 아니라 현업 적용성을 가장 우선적으로 고려하여 문자마킹장치(Marking Robot for Shipbuilding) 개발을 진행하였다. 우선, 적절한 용접 재료를 선정하기 위해서 솔리드 와이어(Solid Wire)와 플럭스 코어드 와이어(Flux Cored Wire)에 대한 비드온 용접(Bead-On Welding)을 아래보기자세와 수직자세에 대해서 실시하여 적절한 용접 조건을 설정하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 문자마킹 자동용접장치는 3축으로 구성되어 있으며 각 축들을 분리할 수 있도록 개발하여 이동성을 향상시켰으며, 작업면과 용접토치간의 거리를 일정하게 유지시킬 수 있도록 용접전류 센서(Welding Current Sensor)를 이용하여 토치 높이(Wire Extension)를 제어함으로써 균일한 품질의 용접비드를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 문자마킹 자동용접장치는 본체 구동부와 제어부(Touch Screen)가 쉽게 분리되고 장착이 가능한 구조로 개발되었으며, 용접시 각 용접자세별로 용접전압, 전류 그리고 용접속도 설정이 가능하여 아래보기 자세뿐만 아니라 어떠한 자세에서도 같은 모양의 비드형상을 가지는 문자마킹용접이 가능하도록 개발하였으며, 이는 실험과 현장적용을 통해 검증하였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2013

Ar, $N_2$, and He are the conventional kind of shield gas that are used for laser welding. Many researches on the impact of laser welding shield gas have been done, and it is on going until now. However, there are few studies that analyze the changes and differences of the plasma emission signal. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the change in the penetration characteristics according to the type of shield gas during fiber laser welding impacts to the plasma signal. As a result, if was checked that the difference in molecular weight of Ar, $N_2$, and He affects to the amount of spatter, and also found that the measured plasma radiation signal changes similar to the order of the molecular weight of the gases. Especially, clear change on the signal intensity per each shield gas was measured through RMS, and found that the shield gas was nothing to do with the FFT analyzed result.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2015

To achieve lightweight design, research & development of various lightweighting technologies such as hydroforming are underway worldwide. In the case of hydroforming, application of ultra high strength steel is essential for weight reduction of the car. However, considering common high-strength carbon steel, it is not suitable to the actual hydroformed parts since the lack of formability. DP steel offers an outstanding combination of strength and formability as a result of their microstructure. DP steel has high strength and good formability but it's difficult to secure stable quality of welding section because of softening of weld section and chemical composition. Therefore, most of companies use LASER welding when making high strength tube. Electric resistance welding is excellent production method for steel tube manufacturing considering the productivity. Optimum electric resistance welding technology is needed to be developed for application of high strength hydroformed parts using DP steel. This study is comprehensive research & development from electric resistance welding to actual formabililty evaluation.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2017

A 3D transient heat transfer model is developed by ABAQUS software to study the temperature distribution during friction stir welding process at different rotational speeds. Furthermore, AA 5083-O plates were joined by FSW technique. For this purpose, a universal milling machine was used to perform the welding process and a mechanical vice was used to fix the work pieces in the proper position. The joints were friction stir welded at a constant travel speed 50 mm/min and two rotational speed values; 400 rpm and 630 rpm using two types of tools; cylindrical threaded pin and tapered smooth one. At each welding condition the temperature was measured using infra-red thermal image camera to verify the simulated temperature distribution. The welded joints were visually inspected as well as by macro- and microstructure evolutions. In addition, the welded joints were mechanically tested for hardness and tensile strength. The maximum peak temperature obtained was at higher rotational speed using the threaded tool pin profile. The results showed that the rotational speed affects the peak temperature, defects formation and sizes, and the mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints. Moreover, the threaded tool gives superior mechanical properties than the tapered one at lower rotational speed.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

The latest trends of vehicle technology development are fuel efficiency improvement, body designs declining air resistance and lightweight of materials. Especially, as lightened weight of materials makes engine efficient so that vehicles keep the best performance, it is the best way to protect the environment and reduce fuel consumption. In this study, we conducted laser welding by using 3-dimension remote scanner that is 5J32 aluminium alloy. Furthermore, conduction experiment that was 3 times repeated for changing factors such as observing angle, laser power and welding speed. we observed exterior and cross section of weled part and tensile strength. When increasing laser power and decreasing laser speed, tensile strength increased. In order to evaluate factors that affect tensile strength qualitatively we conducted ANOVA. We assumed that the factors are observing angle, laser power and welding speed. Then we found that laser power and laser speed affect tensile strength. We conducted evaluation of weldability of aluminium alloy by above ways.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.825-831
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• 1996

폭약의 폭발시 발생되는 초고압 충격 에너지를 이용한 강-티타늄 이종재질의 폭발접합 특성을 한요소기법에 의하여 실험적인 방법으로는 해석하기 어려운 미시적 관점의 접합조건을 해석하였다. 서로 다른 이종재질간의 접합에서 HI-DYNA2D 유한요소 코드를 이용한 계산결과에 의하면 충돌부근에서의 압력크기는 기존에 수행하였던 Oberg등의 수치적 해석결과와 잘 일치하고 있다. 한편, 폭약이 정상적인 폭발에너지를 발생시키기 위해서는 폭약이 30mm이상의 두께를 유지하여야 하며 50mm이상의 폭약두께는 폭접소재의 접합에 별다른 영향을 주지 못하고 있다. 즉, 폭약을 적게 사용하면 접합에너지가 부족하여 접합이 약하고, 폭약이 과도하게 많게되면 폭약의 손실이 많이 되므로 폭발용접 설계시 이들의 양을 미리 명확하게 예측하는 것이 대단히 중요함을 제시하였다. 한 평행한 상태에서 강-티타늄 이중소재를 접합할 경우의 이격거리는 3-5mm로 유지하는 것이 가장 양호한 접합상태를 얻을 수 있는 것으로 해석된다. 본 연구에서는 폭발용접의 접합특성 해석과 이에 강-티타늄 이종재질의 접합 설계조건을 실험적인 방법으로 구하지 않고, HI-DYNA2D 코드를 활용한 반복작업을 통하여 접합조건의 설계데이터를 충분히 얻을 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2017

The effect of metal turnover (MTO) of electroless Ni plating bath on the brittle fracture behavior of electroless nickel electroless palladium immersion gold (ENEPIG)/Sn-3.0wt%Ag-0.5wt%Cu(SAC305) solder joint was evaluated in this study. The MTOs of the electroless Ni for the ENEPIG surface finish were 0 and 3. As the MTO increased, the interfacial IMC thickness increased. The brittle fracture behavior of the ENEPIG/SAC305 solder joint was evaluated with high speed shear (HSS) test. The HSS strength decreased with increasing the MTO of the electroless Ni bath. The brittle fracture increased with increasing the shear speed of the HSS test. The percentage of the brittle fracture for the 3 MTO sample was much higher than that for the 0 MTO sample.