• Title/Summary/Keyword: 3D vision

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Study on Distribution and Change of Curvature of the Anterior Corneal Surface with each Age in Emmetropia (정시안의 연령별 각막전면곡률 변화와 분포에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Chan-Soo;Sung, A-Young
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.211-221
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    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study is to evaluate the distribution and change of curvature of the anterior corneal surface with age in emmetropia. 504 subjects who have emmetroia with good naked vision of at least 0.6-1.0 (spherical equivalent: +0.75D- -0.75D) participated in this study. The 504 subjects into 8 groups with 10 year interval from 3-year to 83-year, and their corneal curvatures were analyzed using manual keratometry. The results are as follows. In individual analysis: First, regression analysis of corneal curvature radius with age has given an equation: Y = -0.003x + 7.796 (r = -0.26). The average corneal curvature radii was measured to be $7.68{\pm}0.25mm$ at 38.3-year and range was 6.98-8.54 mm. Second, frequency of corneal curvature radius were obtained in 36% between 7.61 and 7.80 mm, 78% between 7.41 and 8.00 mm, 96% between 7.21 and 8.20 mm, 100% between 6.98 and 8.54 mm. Third, as for the comparison of corneal curvature radius with respect to sex, The mean value of male (n = 304, mean: 37.6-year $7.72{\pm}0.24mm$, Range: 7.09-8.54 mm) is larger than that of female (n = 200, mean: 39.3-year $7.62{\pm}0.24mm$, Range: 6.98-8.42 mm) by 0.1mm (p<0.01). In groups analysis: First, regression analysis of corneal curvature radius with age has given an equation: $Y=-0.0066x^2+0.0227x+7.7282$ (r = -0.90). Second, vertical and horizontal curvature radius decreased with age (p < 0.01). Especially the decrease of horizontal curvature radius were more pronounced than the decrease of vertical (horizontal:10-70 age group: 0.38 mm decrease, vertical:10-70 age group: 0.20 mm decrease). Third, difference between steep and flat meridian (astigmatism) progressively decreased with age. (low age group:0.18 mm difference, high age group: 0.08 mm difference). Fourth, the corneal curvature radius of male was larger than female's in total groups(p < 0.01). Consequently, the change of corneal curvature radius with age progressively decreased in all conditions (mean, vertical, horizontal, male, and female) and this change was more outstanding in horizontal rather than in vertical.

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A Study on the Physical Growth and Health Status of the Freshmen in a Private University (일부사립대학교(一部私立大學校)의 학생(學生)의 성장(成長).발육(發育) 및 건강상태(健康狀態)에 관(關)한 조사연구(調査硏究))

  • Park, Yang-Won;Lee, Pyong-Kap;Park, Soon-Young;Kim, Hyong-Suk;Kim, Jae-Myung
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.97-104
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    • 1972
  • For the purpose of ascertaining the status of physical growth and health status of the University Students, an intensive survey was conducted by the authors towards a total of 1,250 (Male 792, Female 458) who passed the written entrance examination at the Kyung Hee University in 1972. The items included the measurements on physical growth, various physical and nutritional indices, status of visual distourbance, dental status and tuberculosis. The findings and results cad be summarized as follows; 1. Physical Growth and Develspment. i) The average of body height by anthropometric was $169.39{\pm}5.05cm$ in male and $157.45{\pm}4.43cm$ in female. ii) The averages of body weight by sex were $59.42{\pm}6.47Kg\;and\;51.81{\pm}5.21Kg$, respectively. iii) The averages of chest-girth were $87.18{\pm}5.30cm\;and\;80.51{\pm}4.53cm$. iv) The averages of sitting-height were $92.21{\pm}2.79cm\;and\;86.28{\pm}2.57cm$. In all cases the male measurements were higher than female. 2. Various ludices about Physical Growth and Development; i) Relative body weights by sex were 35.08 and 32.91, relative chestgirth 51.47 and 51.13, and relative sitting-height 54.43, 54.79, respectively. ii) Rohrer index was 1.222 in males and 1.327 in females, Kaup index 2.071 and 2.089, Verveck index 86.54 and 84.04, and Pelidisi index 91.15 and 93.08, respectively 3. Status of visual distourbance The vision of the students under 0.8 with Landolt's testing chart was 45.4% in left eye and 46.6% in right eye(male: 44.4% and 45.7%, female: 47.2% and 48.0%), while under 0.6 in both visions was 41.0% and 40.5% (male: 40.8% and 40.7%, female: 41.5% and 40.2%), respectively. 4. Dental Status Out of total 19.4% (male 19.2%, female 19.6%) had gingivitis, the female incidence rate of gingivitis was higher than male. Average number of teeth in each subject was 29.6 teeth: male had 29.9 teeth and female had 29.1 teeth. The caries rate was 78.9%(male 75.6%, female 84.5%), the female caries rate was higher than male. Total filing per subject was 35.6% (male 34.0%, female 37.1%), female incidence was higher shan male. The average number of i) Caries per tooth rate was 8.5% in male and 9.2% in female, ii) Missing per tooth rate was 0.3% and 0.2%, iii) Filling per tooth rate was 3.9% and 4.2%. in all cases, the female incidences were higher than the male. The average number of D.M.F. was 3.8 teeth in male and 4.0 teeth in female, female was higher than male. The average rate of D.M.F. was 12.7% in male and 13.7% in female, female was higher than male. 5. Pulmonary infiltration Among the total, 53 students were diagnosed as pulmonary infiltration (tuberculosis), of whom 51 were minimal cases, one were moderately advanced case and one were far advanced case.

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Causal Relations Analysis for Older City Regeneration Policy (구도시 재생정책을 위한 인과관계 분석)

  • Hwang, Hee-Sook
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.253-260
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    • 2017
  • For urban regeneration, the direction and vision of the correct regeneration policy should be established. Therefore, the regeneration policy of local small and medium cities should be able to increase the collective efficacy of local residents from the uniform physical redevelopment policy or budget support. The first purpose of this study is to investigate the present decline in the degree of decline of old urban residents in small and medium cities, Social Environment population education welfare Culture, and so on, revealing the difference in the pattern and degree of decline among the various sectors. Second, the purpose of this study is to investigate the causal relationship between the perceived decline of old residents and the influence of local residents on collective efficacy and attitudes toward rehabilitation projects. The subjects of the study were 309 questionnaire respondents who responded to the questionnaire of D city in Gyeonggi - do. For statistical analysis, SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 were used and statistical significance was judged based on significance level .05. The implications of this study are the research data necessary for the regeneration policy of local small and medium cities. The implications of this study are to investigate the level and characteristics of urban decline by integrating various phenomena of qualitative factors as well as quantitative factors of decline An alternative to developmental policies that address regional disparities can be suggested.

Autonomous Mobile Robot System Using Adaptive Spatial Coordinates Detection Scheme based on Stereo Camera (스테레오 카메라 기반의 적응적인 공간좌표 검출 기법을 이용한 자율 이동로봇 시스템)

  • Ko Jung-Hwan;Kim Sung-Il;Kim Eun-Soo
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.31 no.1C
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    • pp.26-35
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    • 2006
  • In this paper, an automatic mobile robot system for a intelligent path planning using the detection scheme of the spatial coordinates based on stereo camera is proposed. In the proposed system, face area of a moving person is detected from a left image among the stereo image pairs by using the YCbCr color model and its center coordinates are computed by using the centroid method and then using these data, the stereo camera embedded on the mobile robot can be controlled for tracking the moving target in real-time. Moreover, using the disparity map obtained from the left and right images captured by the tracking-controlled stereo camera system and the perspective transformation between a 3-D scene and an image plane, depth information can be detected. Finally, based-on the analysis of these calculated coordinates, a mobile robot system is derived as a intelligent path planning and a estimation. From some experiments on robot driving with 240 frames of the stereo images, it is analyzed that error ratio between the calculated and measured values of the distance between the mobile robot and the objects, and relative distance between the other objects is found to be very low value of $2.19\%$ and $1.52\%$ on average, respectably.

A Study on the Architectural Meaning and Characteristics of L'Art Sacré Movement advocated by Marie Alain Couturie (마리 알랭 쿠튀리에가 주창한 성미술(L'Art Sacré) 운동의 건축적 의미와 특성 고찰)

  • Bahn, Sang-Chul;Kim, Hong-Ki
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.12
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    • pp.518-531
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    • 2016
  • This study aimed to find the architectural meaning and characteristics of L'Art Sacr? Movement advocated by Dominican Father Marie Alain Couturie. From 1936 till 1954 Father Couturier was the chief editor of the review L'Art Sacr? that became very influential among art critics no longer satisfied with what was considered outdated 19th century church interior decoration. Marie Alain Couturie was a French Dominican friar and Catholic priest who gained fame as a designer of stained glass windows. He was noted for his modern inspiration in the field of Sacred Art. Couturier's greatest ambition was to revive Christian art by appealing to the independent masters of his time. From these viewpoint, we investigated the background and process of the movement and analyzed the architectural meaning and characteristics which represented the Art Sacr? movement. The analyzed chapel buildings were as follows: 1) The Church of Notre-Dame de Toute Gr?ce du Plateau d'Assy, bringing together Braque, Matisse, Rouault, L?ger and Chagall, 2) The Chapel of Saint-Marie Rosaire by Henri Matisse, 3) The Chapel of Notre Dame du Haut and The Couvent de La Tourette by Le Corbusier, and 4) The Rothko Chapel by Mark Rothko and Philip Johnson. These L'Art Sacr? projects inscribedthemselveswithin what was the century's most serious attempt at the reintegration of Art and religious space. Courturier's interactions with artists and architects are traced and shown to have played a major role in the evolution of the priest's thinking and Church interior decoration. At the same time, Courturier's clear and vigorous L'Art Sacr? articles were both defining the theoretical basis of new vision and anticipating the renewal of the religious space.

Augmented Reality System using Planar Natural Feature Detection and Its Tracking (동일 평면상의 자연 특징점 검출 및 추적을 이용한 증강현실 시스템)

  • Lee, A-Hyun;Lee, Jae-Young;Lee, Seok-Han;Choi, Jong-Soo
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.49-58
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    • 2011
  • Typically, vision-based AR systems operate on the basis of prior knowledge of the environment such as a square marker. The traditional marker-based AR system has a limitation that the marker has to be located in the sensing range. Therefore, there have been considerable research efforts for the techniques known as real-time camera tracking, in which the system attempts to add unknown 3D features to its feature map, and these then provide registration even when the reference map is out of the sensing range. In this paper, we describe a real-time camera tracking framework specifically designed to track a monocular camera in a desktop workspace. Basic idea of the proposed scheme is that a real-time camera tracking is achieved on the basis of a plane tracking algorithm. Also we suggest a method for re-detecting features to maintain registration of virtual objects. The proposed method can cope with the problem that the features cannot be tracked, when they go out of the sensing range. The main advantage of the proposed system are not only low computational cost but also convenient. It can be applicable to an augmented reality system for mobile computing environment.

A Study on the Prediction System of Block Matching Rework Time (블록 정합 재작업 시수 예측 시스템에 관한 연구)

  • Jang, Moon-Seuk;Ruy, Won-Sun;Park, Chang-Kyu;Kim, Deok-Eun
    • Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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    • v.55 no.1
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    • pp.66-74
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    • 2018
  • In order to evaluate the precision degree of the blocks on the dock, the shipyards recently started to use the point cloud approaches using the 3D scanners. However, they hesitate to use it due to the limited time, cost, and elaborative effects for the post-works. Although it is somewhat traditional instead, they have still used the electro-optical wave devices which have a characteristic of having less dense point set (usually 1 point per meter) around the contact section of two blocks. This paper tried to expand the usage of point sets. Our approach can estimate the rework time to weld between the Pre-Erected(PE) Block and Erected(ER) block as well as the precision of block construction. In detail, two algorithms were applied to increase the efficiency of estimation process. The first one is K-mean clustering algorithm which is used to separate only the related contact point set from others not related with welding sections. The second one is the Concave hull algorithm which also separates the inner point of the contact section used for the delayed outfitting and stiffeners section, and constructs the concave outline of contact section as the primary objects to estimate the rework time of welding. The main purpose of this paper is that the rework cost for welding is able to be obtained easily and precisely with the defective point set. The point set on the blocks' outline are challenging to get the approximated mathematical curves, owing to the lots of orthogonal parts and lack of number of point. To solve this problems we compared the Radial based function-Multi-Layer(RBF-ML) and Akima interpolation method. Collecting the proposed methods, the paper suggested the noble point matching method for minimizing the rework time of block-welding on the dock, differently the previous approach which had paid the attention of only the degree of accuracy.

Republic of Korea Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Status and Recognition Research: Focusing on Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurs Preliminary, Student Centered Comparative Analysis on the Status and Recognition (대한민국 창업생태계 현황 및 인식 연구: 창업가, 예비창업가, 학생을 중심으로 현황 및 인식 비교 분석)

  • Kim, Sung Hoon;Nam, Jung min
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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    • v.11 no.6
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    • pp.175-183
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    • 2016
  • The government set up "national happiness, the hope of a new era of national vision under' job center of the creative economy" to achieve by national goals in the first and figure achieved through the establishment of new growth engines of the youth unemployment problem solve and national level there are a number of business start-up support. September 8, 2015 announced the Government's look at the '2016 Year of the budget, the government for new growth engines greatly promoted the venture entrepreneurship ecosystem revitalization and research and development (R & D) the business for enhanced performance in 2017. According to the direction of this study is to evaluate the current creative economy business incubator at the comparison whether the correct orientation mainly entrepreneurs, entrepreneurs preliminary recognition of student entrepreneurship ecosystem. Entrepreneurs 113 people in that way, 71 people pre-entrepreneurs, students 60, workers were founding agencies conducted an online survey of 47 people, 16 people Investors, 50 public and 11 additional persons including a total of 368 people. This study is in line with the orientation of these entrepreneurs to create economic status and recognition of the Republic of Korea entrepreneurship ecosystem, pre- entrepreneurs, students will examine the comparative analysis around. Analysis, social perception of entrepreneurship is somewhat higher than it was confirmed that the negative response of 32.2% to 36.3% of positive response. Social awareness of entrepreneurs showed a 2-fold higher response rate than the negative of response of 17.1% to 41.7% responding that positive recognition for the current start-up environment is bad, the response is good response to higher response rate than 23.5% to 41.1% It showed. The percentage of responses that better respect the entrepreneurship environment of the future Republic of Korea showed a higher response rate than the rate of 23% in response to deteriorate to 41.2%, with 52.9% awareness is the percentage that responded that the bad part about the ruthless Korea's entrepreneurship environment in China good part as response rate approximately three times greater than the 17.7% showed high response rates. Social awareness of entrepreneurs experience the presence of the founding start-up experience was confirmed that the more negative the number increases, the more the contrary the number of start-up experience increased awareness of the current and future environment of entrepreneurship was identified as a positive entrepreneurship environment. Also recognized was confirmed to change the parent of the more positive changes in the start-up of entrepreneurs doctor also positive about entrepreneurship, start-up entrepreneurs start with a doctor's motivation for founding non-economic reasons than for economic reasons has confirmed Higher. This study showed the overall level overview analysis of the status and recognition of the Republic of Korea entrepreneurship ecosystem. Future studies need to be a proposal for an existing previous studies for more precise direction to go forth to analyze the entrepreneurship ecosystem with a focus on problems and improvement of the Republic of Korea entrepreneurship ecosystem.

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True Orthoimage Generation from LiDAR Intensity Using Deep Learning (딥러닝에 의한 라이다 반사강도로부터 엄밀정사영상 생성)

  • Shin, Young Ha;Hyung, Sung Woong;Lee, Dong-Cheon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.363-373
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    • 2020
  • During last decades numerous studies generating orthoimage have been carried out. Traditional methods require exterior orientation parameters of aerial images and precise 3D object modeling data and DTM (Digital Terrain Model) to detect and recover occlusion areas. Furthermore, it is challenging task to automate the complicated process. In this paper, we proposed a new concept of true orthoimage generation using DL (Deep Learning). DL is rapidly used in wide range of fields. In particular, GAN (Generative Adversarial Network) is one of the DL models for various tasks in imaging processing and computer vision. The generator tries to produce results similar to the real images, while discriminator judges fake and real images until the results are satisfied. Such mutually adversarial mechanism improves quality of the results. Experiments were performed using GAN-based Pix2Pix model by utilizing IR (Infrared) orthoimages, intensity from LiDAR data provided by the German Society for Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Geoinformation (DGPF) through the ISPRS (International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing). Two approaches were implemented: (1) One-step training with intensity data and high resolution orthoimages, (2) Recursive training with intensity data and color-coded low resolution intensity images for progressive enhancement of the results. Two methods provided similar quality based on FID (Fréchet Inception Distance) measures. However, if quality of the input data is close to the target image, better results could be obtained by increasing epoch. This paper is an early experimental study for feasibility of DL-based true orthoimage generation and further improvement would be necessary.

Development of a smart cane concept for guiding the visually impaired - focused on design thinking learning practices for students - (시각장애인을 위한 길 안내용 스마트 지팡이 콘셉트 개발)

  • Park, Hae Rim;Lee, Min Sun;Yang, Ho Jung
    • Journal of Service Research and Studies
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.186-200
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    • 2023
  • This study aims to improve the usability of the white cane, which is walking equipment that most local visually impaired people use and carry when going out, and to contribute to the prevention of safety accidents and the walking rights of visually impaired people by providing improvement and resolution measures for the problems identified. Also, this study is a study on the visually impaired, primarily targeting the 1st to 2nd degree visually impaired people, who cannot go out on their own without walking equipment such as a white cane, corresponding to 20% among approximately 250,000 blind and low vision people in the Korean population. In the study process, the concept has been developed from the user's point of view in order that the white cane becomes a real help in the walking step of the visually impaired and the improvement of usability of the white cane, the main walking equipment for the visually impaired, are done by problem identification through the Double Diamond Model of Design Thinking (Empathize → Define → Ideate → Prototype → Test (verify)). As a result of the investigation in the process of Empathy, a total of five issues was synthesized, including an increase in the proportion of the visually impaired people, an insufficient workforce situation to help all the visually impaired, an improvement and advancement of assistive devices essential for the visually impaired, problems of damage, illegal occupation, demolition, maintenance about braille blocks, making braille block paradigms for the visually impaired and for everyone. In Ideate and Prototype steps, situations derived from brainstorming were grouped and the relationship were made through the KJ method, and specific situations and major causes were organized to establish the direction of the concept. The derived solutions and major functions are defined in four categories, and representative situations requiring solutions and major functions are organized into two user scenarios. Ideas were visualized by arranging the virtual Persona and Customer Journey Map according to the situation and producing a prototype through 3D modeling. Finally, in the evaluation, the final concept derived is a device such a smart cane for guidance for the visually impaired as ① a smart cane emphasizing portability + ② compatibility with other electronic devices + ③ a product with safety and convenience.