• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.243-250
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• 2012

This paper proposes a 3D map-building algorithm using one LRF (Laser Range Finder) while a mobile robot is navigating on the slanted surface. There are several researches on 3D map buildings using the LRF. However most of them are performing the map building only on the flat surface. While a mobile robot is moving on the slanted surface, the view angle of LRF is dynamically changing, which makes it very difficult to build the 3D map using encoder data. To cope with this dynamic change of the view angle in build 3D map, IMU and balance filters are fused to correct the unstable encoder data in this research. Through the real navigation experiments, it is verified that the fusion of multiple sensors are properly performed to correct the slope angle of the slanted surface. The effectiveness of the balance filter are also checked through the hill climbing navigations.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.265-274
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• 2020

Free-viewpoint video service is a technology that allows users to watch at any angle, location and distance through interaction. In this paper, the free-viewpoint video services are defined in four viewing modes: Inward view, outward view, 3D object view and first person view. And we developed and implemented a new integrated program that plays all the suggested views. In the contents of girl band performances and basketball games, multi-view cameras suitable for each viewing mode are installed to acquire media, and data stored on the server is streamed over the network, making it available for viewing. Users can freely choose four viewing modes, space location, angle and so on, and the media data such as images and sounds are provided to them by rendering appropriately for the selected the viewpoint. Our system is expected to be a scalable free-viewpoint video service player as well as provide users with immersion and presence by combining various viewing modes.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.321-327
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• 2005

A MVC (Multi-view Video Coding) method, which uses both an illumination change-adaptive ME (Motion Estimation)/DC (Motion Compensation) and a 2D (Dimensional) direct mode, is proposed. Firstly, a new SAD (Sum of Absolute Difference) measure for ME/MC is proposed to compensate the Luma pixel value changes for spatio-temporal motion vector prediction. Illumination change-adaptive (ICA) ME/MC uses the new SAD to improve both MV (Motion Vector) accuracy and bit saving. Secondly, The proposed 2D direct mode that can be used in inter-view prediction is an extended version of the temporal direct mode in MPEG-4 AVC. The proposed MVC method obtains approximately 0.8dB PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) increment compared with the MPEG-4 AVC simulcast coding.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.434-442
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose an integrated spatial and view scalable video codec based on high efficiency video coding (HEVC). The proposed video codec is developed based on similarity and uniqueness between the scalable extension and 3D multi-view extension of HEVC. To improve compression efficiency using the proposed scalable multi-view video codec, inter-layer and inter-view predictions are jointly employed by using high-level syntaxes that are defined to identify view and layer information. For the inter-view and inter-layer predictions, a decoded picture buffer (DPB) management algorithm is also proposed. The inter-view and inter-layer motion predictions are integrated into a consolidated prediction by harmonizing with the temporal motion prediction of HEVC. We found that the proposed scalable multi-view codec achieves bitrate reduction of 36.1%, 31.6% and 15.8% on the top of ${\times}2$, ${\times}1.5$ parallel scalable codec and parallel multi-view codec, respectively.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.143-155
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• 2003

The purpose of this study were to investigate 1) Values placed upon born hereditary appearance and a made up appearance, 2)examined for points of body and clothing and 3)discrepancy in opinions about Coordination system of 3D Virtual Model This study chose qualitative research approach in-depth interviews were from December 12, 2002, to February 20, 2003. The subjects of the study were 12 women aged in twenties 12 women aged over forty. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Women aged in their twenties defined appearance as follows. there are important a made up appearance, Appearance is looking at point of view from body shape to face, makeup, hair style, body image, cosmetic surgery, clothing and is looking at the whole point of view from hair to tiptoe. This seems to include attitude, personality, behavior, images, and feeling. 2. Regarding body image Women aged in their twenties prefer a slender figure. Women aged in their twenties exerts all possible efforts to have an attractive body through dress well. 3. Regarding body image Women aged in their twenties prefer coordinate to system of 3D virtual model.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2014

This paper investigates the robustness of watermarking techniques for stereo or multi-view images generated from texture and depth images. A three-dimensional (3D) warping technique is applied to texture and depth images to generate stereo or multi-view images for a 3D display. By using the 3D warping technique, in this paper, we developed watermarking techniques and evaluated the robustness of these techniques that can extract watermarks from texture images even when the viewpoints are moved. A depth image is used to generate a stereo image with the largest viewpoint difference to the left and right. The overlapping region in the stereo image that does not disappear after warping is then obtained, and DWT is applied to this region to embed a watermark in the LL sub-band. The proposed watermarking techniques were found to yield bit error rates of about 3%-16% when they were applied to stereo images generated from texture and depth images. Furthermore, the results showed that the copyright could be seen when the extracted watermark was visually confirmed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.241-241
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• 2004

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.224-230
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• 2015

This manuscript presents a real-time solution for 3D human body reconstruction with multiple RGB-D cameras. The proposed system uses four consumer RGB/Depth (RGB-D) cameras, each located at approximately $90^{\circ}$ from the next camera around a freely moving human body. A single mesh is constructed from the captured point clouds by iteratively removing the estimated overlapping regions from the boundary. A cell-based mesh construction algorithm is developed, recovering the 3D shape from various conditions, considering the direction of the camera and the mesh boundary. The proposed algorithm also allows problematic holes and/or occluded regions to be recovered from another view. Finally, calibrated RGB data is merged with the constructed mesh so it can be viewed from an arbitrary direction. The proposed algorithm is implemented with general-purpose computation on graphics processing unit (GPGPU) for real-time processing owing to its suitability for parallel processing.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.798-807
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• 2020

As technologies using digital camera have been developed, 3D images can be constructed from the pictures captured by using multiple cameras. The 3D image data is represented in a form of point cloud which consists of 3D coordinate of the data and the related attributes. Various techniques have been proposed to construct the point cloud data. Among them, Structure-from-Motion (SfM) and Multi-view Stereo (MVS) are examples of the image-based technologies in this field. Based on the conventional research, the point cloud data generated from SfM and MVS may be sparse because the depth information may be incorrect and some data have been removed. In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm to enhance the point cloud so that the density of the generated point cloud increases. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional algorithms objectively and subjectively.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.73-73
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• 2014

Several geometrical models (e.g., cone and flux rope models) have been suggested to infer 3-D parameters of CMEs using multi-view observations (STEREO/SECCHI) and single-view observations (SOHO/LASCO). To prepare for when only single view observations are available, we have made a test whether the cone model parameters from single-view observations are consistent with those from multi-view ones. For this test, we select 35 CMEs which are identified as CMEs, whose angular widths are larger than 180 degrees, by one spacecraft and as limb CMEs by the other ones. For this we use SOHO/LASCO and STEREO/SECCHI data during the period from 2010 December to 2011 July when two spacecraft were separated by $90{\pm}10$ degrees. In this study, we compare 3-D parameters of these CMEs from three different methods: (1) a triangulation method using the STEREO/SECCHI and SOHO/LASCO data, (2) a Graduated Cylindrical Shell (GCS) flux rope model using the STEREO/SECCHI data, and (3) an ice cream cone model using the SOHO/LASCO data. The parameters used for comparison are radial velocities, angular widths and source location (angle ${\gamma}$ between the propagation direction and the plan of the sky). We find that the radial velocities and the ${\gamma}$-values from three methods are well correlated with one another (CC > 0.8). However, angular widths from the three methods are somewhat different. The correlation coefficients are relatively not good (CC > 0.4). We also find that the correlation coefficients between the locations from the three methods and the active region locations are larger than 0.9, implying that most of the CMEs are radially ejected.