• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.737-744
• /
• 2009

This paper is to study and implement 3D Virtual Face Aesthetic Surgery System which provides more satisfaction by comparing the before-and-after plastic face surgery using 3D face model. For this study, we implemented 3D Face Model Generating System which resembles 2D image of the user based on 3D Korean standard face model and user's 2D pictures. The proposed 3D Virtual Face Aesthetic Surgery System in this paper consists of 3D Face Model Generating System, 3D Skin Texture Mapping System, and Detailed Adjustment System for reflecting the detailed description of face. The proposed system provides more satisfaction to the medical uses and stability in the surgery in compare with other existing systems.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.23-35
• /
• 2006

This work presents o novel method which extract facial region und features from motion picture automatically and controls the 3D facial expression in real time. To txtract facial region and facial feature points from each color frame of motion pictures a new nonparametric skin color model is proposed rather than using parametric skin color model. Conventionally used parametric skin color models, which presents facial distribution as gaussian-type, have lack of robustness for varying lighting conditions. Thus it needs additional work to extract exact facial region from face images. To resolve the limitation of current skin color model, we exploit the Hue-Tint chrominance components and represent the skin chrominance distribution as a linear function, which can reduce error for detecting facial region. Moreover, the minimal facial feature positions detected by the proposed skin model are adjusted by using edge information of the detected facial region along with the proportions of the face. To produce the realistic facial expression, we adopt Water's linear muscle model and apply the extended version of Water's muscles to variation of the facial features of the 3D face. The experiments show that the proposed approach efficiently detects facial feature points and naturally controls the facial expression of the 3D face model.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.167-175
• /
• 2013

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of cosmetic products containing concentrated ginseng using novel methods based on Traditional Korean medicine (TKM). In TKM, inspection of facial skin was an important method to diagnose symptoms and body condition of patients. Doctors in oriental medicine examined a patient as observing symptoms on the face and skin related to inner organs. This was called "mang-jin. In this study, eleven female, who have been using the cosmetic products containing concentrated ginseng for the last 5 years, and eleven healthy controls, who have never used the same product, were recruited. Three doctors in oriental medicine evaluated 17 inspection factors on facial skin. And 7 non-invasive skin bioengineering factors were assessed by various instruments at the same time. In results, 7 factors of the inspection were better in using the product than in controls. And sebum, roughness, pigmentation and wrinkle depth were significantly lower in using the product than in controls. So, this results propose that the cosmetic product containing concentrated ginseng has a good anti-aging effect on skin. And it is suggested that the novel evaluation method combined, Traditional Korean medicine and modern bioengineering technique, has to be developed for holistic concept of Hanbang cosmetics.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.283-288
• /
• 2011

Since minerals are in ionic forms in aqueous phase (like deep sea water), it is very hard to incorporate concentrated minerals in gel like cosmetic formulations which are generally composed of carbomer or acrylates polymer. In this study, we invented a salt-resistant network formulation made of silicon copolyol. It was found that the network formulation traps minerals (especially from marine) in a mesh-like silicone copolyol structure. Since the mineral-containing formulation makes a very thin film on the skin, minerals could be easily absorbed into stratum corneum. In 6 weeks in vivo test, it was found that the novel mineral formulation increased the amounts of amino acids, major components of natural moisturizing factors (NMFs), as well as levels of minerals. It was also found that the moisture contents and the brightness of the skin increased.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.1091-1097
• /
• 2023

Bolus is used in radiation therapy to prescribe an even dose to the tumor when the skin surface is inclined or has irregularities. At this time, the dose to the skin surface increases. Due to the patient's unique body structure and irregular skin, voids may occur between the bolus and the skin, which may reduce the accuracy of treatment. Therefore, in this study, the existing bolus and the self-produced bolus through 3D printing were applied to the nasal area, and the difference between the surface dose after treatment plan and the dose directly measured with an Optically Stimulated luminescence(OSL) dosimeter was compared to the existing bolus. The bolus rate was 97%, PLA 100.33%, ePETELA 75A 100.53%, and ePETELA 85A 100.36%. It was confirmed that there was little error in the measurement values and treatment plan values for each material. In addition, compared to when applying a conventional bolus, a difference of -3% to +0.5% for a 3D printed bolus can be confirmed, so a customized bolus produced through 3D printing can complement the shortcomings of the existing bolus. It is believed that there will be.

• Journal of Institute of Convergence Technology
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.48-51
• /
• 2011

Transdermal drug delivery device is a method of drug delivery through the skin. Skin has a very large area, so it is attractive route to drug delivery. When drug delivery through the skin, microneedle has a advantage that painless, constant drug deliver and penetration efficient; nevertheless the cost is expensive because fabrication process need a particular equipment and not suitable in mass production. This study shows microneedle fabrication process using convergence of general MEMS process and dicing process that can make 3-D sharp microneedle tip and this fabrication process suitable for mass production.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.320-326
• /
• 2013

In a previous study, we investigated the antioxidative and cellular protective effects of Parthenocissus tricuspidata stem extracts. In this study, we prepared nano-emulsion containing P. tricuspidata stem extract to improve skin permeation. The particle size of the nano-emulsion using the microfluidizer was 302 nm. Its loading efficiency was over 86%. The size distribution of the nano-emulsion took a monodispersed form and the nano-emulsion was more stable than typical emulsion without using microfluidizer during a 2 week period. In vitro skin permeation study of nano-emulsion containing P. tricuspidata stem extracts was carried out using Franz diffusion cell. The 1,3-butylene glycol used as a control group had 32.59% skin permeation efficiency. The skin permeation efficiency of the nano-emulsion was 42.47%. Also, we observed the antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate fraction on skin flora for prospective applications as a natural antimicrobial. The ethyl acetate fraction had antibacterial activities higher than methyl paraben on Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. These results indicate that nano-emulsion containing P. tricuspidata stem extracts could possess valued applications in cosmetic formulations for improving skin permeation. Also, based on the antibacterial activities on skin flora, antioxidative and cellular protective effects shown in our previous study, we suggest that P. tricuspidata stem extracts could be used as functional cosmetic materials.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.211-216
• /
• 2016

Micronucleus test is genotoxicity assay for detection of micronuclei in the cytoplasm of interphase cells. The reduction and replacement of in vivo toxicity testing on animals require the development of in vitro models to predict the genotoxicity or other tests for cosmetic products. In this study, we evaluated a genotoxicity assay for topically applied chemicals using a three-dimensional human reconstructed skin model, KeraSkin$^{TM}$. Two genotoxins, mitomycin C (MMC) and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), induced significant dose-related increases in cytotoxicity and micronuclei induction in the skin model. In contrast, two non-genotoxins, 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and trichloroethylene (TCE), induced cytotoxicity but not micronucleus formation. In conclusion, micronucleus test using human skin model may be useful for predicting in vitro genotoxic potentials of cosmetic products.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2016

Purpose : To evaluate the results of absorbed and effective doses using CBCT and 4D-CBCT settings for lung cancer. Materials and Methods : This experimental study. Measurements were performed using a Anderson rando phantom with OSLD(optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters). It was performed computed tomography(Lightspeed GE, USA) in order to express the major organs of the human body. Measurements were obtained a mean value is repeated three times each. Evaluations of effective dose and absorbed dose were performed the CL-IX-Thorax mode and Truebeam-Thorax mode CBCT. Additionally, compared Truebeam-Thorax mode CBCT with Truebeam-Thorax mode 4D-CBCT(Four-dimensional Cone Beam Computed Tomography) Results : Average absorbed dose in the CBCT of CL-IX was measured in lung 2.505cGy, heart 2.595cGy, liver 2.145cGy, stomach 1.934cGy, skin 2.233cGy, in case of Truebeam, It was measured lung 1.725cGy, heart 2.034cGy, liver 1.616cGy, stomach 1.470cGy, skin 1.445cGy. In case of 4D-CBCT, It was measured lung 3.849cGy, heart 4.578cGy, liver 3.497cGy, stomach 3.179cGy, skin 3.319cGy Average effective dose, considered tissue weighting and radiation weighting, in the CBCT of CL-IX was measured lung 2.164mSv, heart 2.241mSVv, liver 0.136mSv, stomach 1.668mSv, skin 0.009mSv, in case of Turebeam, it was measured lung 1.725mSv, heart 1.757mSv, liver 0.102mSv, stomach 1.270mSv, skin 0.005mSv, In case of 4D-CBCT, It was measured lung 3.326mSv, heart 3.952mSv, liver 0.223mSv, stomach 2.747mSv, skin 0.013mSv Conclusion : As a result, absorbed dose and effective Dose in the CL-IX than Truebeam was higher about 1.3 times and in the 4D-CBCT Truebeam than CBCT of Truebeam was higher about 2.2times However, a large movement of the patient and respiratory gated radiotherapy may be more accurate treatment in 4D-CBCT. Therefore, it will be appropriate to selectively used.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.687-700
• /
• 2015

Lines of non-extension (LoNEs) on torso surface during arm abduction were investigated to provide appropriate location for inserting less-extensible yarns which can be used as seams for design and or clothing pressure variation. As experimental methods, reference points about 3 cm apart were marked on the skin and scanned at 30, $90^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$ arm abduction. Skin deformation was measured by connecting reference points in horizontal, vertical and various angles of diagonal directions. Observation of skin deformation was made within the separated sections of the torso as well as integrated ones to cover the various occasions of design application. LoNEs of front and back torso were provided as mapping lines. Actual compression wear of three types was constructed with different pattern reduction rate at each separated section using LoNEs as boundary cutting lines. Clothing pressure and subjective evaluations of those three compression wear were evaluated by six subjects. LoNEs found in this study were useful as seam lines to differentiate clothing pressure at each part of the body, providing positive wear sensation. It is also expected that LoNEs can be paths for less strechable conductive yarns of IT-integrated upper garments.