• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.89-91
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• 2004

Six components were isolated from the $CH_2Cl_2$ fraction of Belamcanda chinensis rhizome by open column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated as ${\beta}-sitosterol$ (1), apocynin (2), decursin (3), iristectorigenin A (4), irigenin (5) and tectorigenin (6) by spectral analysis. Among these compounds, decursin (3) was isolated for the first time from a plant of the family Iridaceae.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.119-123
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• 1980

Culture conditions of yellow pigment in Monascus sp. were studied. According to the studies of culture conditions optimum condition was found to be pH 4.5, 3 days of incubation with 3% of sucrose as carbon source, 0.2 ％ of yeast extract as nitrogen source and 75m1 of medium in the 500m1 erlenmyer flask by rotary shaking (rpm 180) at 180 r.p.m. Effective levels of inorganic compounds were found to be 0.25 % of potassium phosphate monobasic and 0.1 ％ of Magnesium sulfate.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.271-277
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• 2000

This study was conducted to establish the optimal culture conditions for in vitro production of bovine embryos derived from slaughter house ovaries. Cumulus-oocyte- complexes (COCs) collected by aspiration from follicles of 2~7 mm in diameter were matured in Ham's F-10 medium supplemented with 0.01 $\mu\textrm{g}$/m1 epidermal growth factor (EGF) at 39$^{\circ}C$ in a humidified atmosphere of 5% $CO_2$in air. After 24 hrs of culture, the oocytes were co-cultured with epididymal sperm selected off by Percoll-density gradient in TALP medium for 24 hrs. The presumptive zygotes were cultured in HECM-6 medium for 3 d post-insemination, and followed by cultured in TCM199 medium until 7 to 10d post-insemination. The cultures were compared of their cleavage and development into later stage in culture medium by additions of different protein sources (PVA, BSA and BCS) and by different embryo density. The rates of cleavage and development rates into blastocyst were not significantly (P<0.05) different among the culture media containing with BSA (75.0% and 40.5%), BCS (76.7% and 38.0%) and PVA (72.5% and 42.2%), respectively. Significantly (P<0.05) higher blastocysts rates were obtained in culturing of 30 and 40 embryos in each 50$\mu$l droplets of culture medium than in 5, 10 and 20 embryos. These results indicate that the optimal density of embryos is 30~40 embryos in a 50$\mu$l droplet of culture medium. Furthermore there is no effect of different protein sources on early embryonic development.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.58-58
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the optimal activation condition for parthenogenetic development. In order to activate oocytes at 24 hrs post onset of maturation, the oocytes were cultured 3 - 13 μM Ca for 5 min., 5-8 ㎍/㎖ cytoclacin(CH) for 6 hrs, 0.5-2.0 mM 6-dimethylaminopurine(DMAP) for 3 hrs alone or combination. The activated oocytes were cultured in TCM-199 media at 5% CO₂, 95% N₂, 38℃. 1. The cleavage rate after 48 hrs culture of oocytes treated with 3-13 μM Ca for 5 min. were 9.6%-20.0% and 3.8-7.3%, respectively. When oocyte were treated with 10 μM Ca, the blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher than other group. 2. The cleavage rate after 48 hrs culture of oocytes treated with 5-8 ㎍/㎖ cytoclacin(CH) for 6 hrs, were 9.4%-21.8% and 0.0-7.3%, respectively. When oocyte were treated with 10㎍/㎖ CH, the blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher than other group. 3. The cleavage rate after 48 hrs culture of oocytes treated with 0.5-2.0 mM 6-dimethylaminopurine(DMAP) for 3 hrs were 9.1%-21.8% and 0.0-7.3%, respectively. When oocyte were treated with 2.0mM DMAP, the blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher than other group. 4. The cleavage rate after 48 hrs culture of oocytes treated with Ca＋CH, Ca＋DMAP, CH＋DMAP were 75.9%-93.5% and 9.7 -13.3%, respectively. When oocytes were treated with Ca followed by DMAP, the blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher than other group(p〈0.05). 5. When necleus transferred embryos co-cultured with BSA, EGF and CS, the developmental rate to blastocyst were higher than control group.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.99-106
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• 2013

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has become a significant threat to public health. Although broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy is the primary treatment option for CDI, its use has evident limitations. Probiotics have been proved to be effective in the treatment of CDI and are a promising therapeutic option for CDI. In this study, 4 strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), namely, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR5), Lactococcuslactis (SL3), Bifidobacterium breve (BR3), and Bifidobacterium lactis (BL3) were evaluated for their anti-C. difficile activity. Co-culture incubation of C. difficile ($10^6$ and $10^{10}$ CFU/ml) with each strain of LAB indicated that SL3 possessed the highest antimicrobial activity over a 24-hr period. The cell-free supernatants of the 4 LAB strains exhibited $MIC_{50}$ values between 0.424 mg/ml (SL3) and 1.318 (BR3) mg/ml. These results may provide a basis for alternative therapies for the treatment of C. difficile-associated gut disorders.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.612-622
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• 2023

T-cell deficiency may occur in various clinical conditions including congenital defects, cell/organ transplantation, HIV infection and aging. In this regard, the development of artificial thymus has recently been attracting much attention. To achieve this aim, the development of techniques for 3D culture of thymic stromal cells is necessary because thymocytes grown only in a 3D thymic microenvironment can be differentiated fully to become mature, immunocompetent T cells; the same cannot be achieved for thymocytes grown in 2D. This study aimed to develop a nanotechnology-based 3D culture technique using polymeric scaffolds for thymic epithelial cells (TECs), the main component of thymic stromal cells. Scanning electron microscopic observation revealed that the pores of both PCL and PCL/PLGA scaffolds were filled with TECs. Interestingly, TECs grown in 3D on polydopamine-coated scaffolds exhibited enhanced cell attachment and proliferation compared to those grown on non-coated scaffolds. In addition, the gene expression of thymopoietic factors was upregulated in TECs cultured in 3D on polydopamine-coated scaffolds compared to those cultured in 2D. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrate an efficient 3D culture model for TECs using polymeric scaffolds and provide new insights into a novel platform technology that can be applied to develop functional, biocompatible scaffolds for the 3D culture of thymocytes. This will eventually shed light on techniques for the in vitro development of T cells as well as the synthesis of artificial thymus.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.951-965
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• 2024

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is a valuable potential probiotic species with various proven health-beneficial effects. L. plantarum LM1001 strain was selected among ten strains of L. plantarum based on proteolytic activity on whey proteins. L. plantarum LM1001 produced higher concentrations of total free amino acids and branched-chain amino acids (Ile, Leu, and Val) than other L. plantarum strains. Treatment of C2C12 myotubes with whey protein culture supernatant (1%, 2% and 3%, v/v) using L. plantarum LM1001 significantly increased the expression of myogenic regulatory factors, such as Myf-5, MyoD, and myogenin, reflecting the promotion of myotubes formation (p<0.05). L. plantarum LM1001 displayed β-galactosidase activity but did not produce harmful β-glucuronidase. Thus, the intake of whey protein together with L. plantarum LM1001 has the potential to aid protein digestion and utilization.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1152-1158
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• 2010

In differentiating human embryonic stem (d-hES) cells there are a number of types of cells which may secrete various nutrients and helpful materials for pre-implantation embryonic development. This study examined whether the d-hES could function as a feeder cell in vitro to support mouse embryonic development. By RT-PCR analysis, the d-hES cells revealed high expression of three germ-layered differentiation markers while having markedly reduced expression of stem cell markers. Also, in d-hES cells, LIF expression in embryo implantation-related material was confirmed at a similar level to undifferentiated ES cells. When mouse 2PN embryos were cultured in control M16 medium, co-culture control CR1aa medium or co-cultured with d-hES cells, their blastocyst development rate at embryonic day 4 (83.9%) were significantly better in the d-hES cell group than in the CR1aa group (66.0%), while not better than in the M16 group (90.7%)(p<0.05). However, at embryonic days 5 and 6, embryo hatching and hatched-out rates of the dhES cell group (53.6 and 48.2%, respectively) were superior to those of the M16 group (40.7 and 40.7%, respectively). At embryonic day 4, blastocysts of the d-hES cell group were transferred into pseudo-pregnant recipients, and pregnancy rate (75.0%) was very high compared to the other groups (M16, 57.1%; CR1aa, 37.5%). In addition, embryo implantation (55.9%) and live fetus rate (38.2%) of the d-hES cell group were also better than those of the other groups (M16, 36.7 and 18.3%, respectively; CR1aa, 23.2 and 8.7%, respectively). These results demonstrated that d-hES cells can be used as a feeder cell for enhancing in vitro and in vivo developmental potential of mouse pre-implantation embryos.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1244-1247
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to isolate lactic acid bacteria that produced L(+) lactic acid from infant feces. Thirteen colonies were isolated with a MRS-plate containing 0.5% $CaCO_3$ to determine their ability to produce lactic acid. Based on their lactic acid production, 10 strains of Lactobacillus were identified to assess the ratio of lactate isomer using HPLC. A strain producing L-lactic acid was identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus, using API carbohydrate fermentation patterns and physiological tests, and named KY1909. The strain exhibited good acid tolerance in an artificial gastric juice as well as high bile resistance in MRS containing 0.5% bile acids. L. acidophilus KY1909 produced D(-) and L(+) lactic acid at a ratio of 6 : 94; whereas commercial strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus produced D(-) and L(+) lactic acid at a ratio of 1 : 1. These results demonstrate the L. acidophilus KY1909 can be utilized in fermented milk products and dietary supplements as a probiotic culture.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.469-474
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• 2002

The inner shell of the chestnut (Castanea crenata S. et Z., Fagaceae) has been used as an anti-wrinkle/skin firming agent in East Asia, and preliminary experiments have found that a 70% ethanol extract from this plant material can prevent cell detachment of skin fibroblasts from culture plates. In order to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, its effects on the expression of adhesion molecules, such as fibronectin and vitronectin, were investigated using the mouse skin fibroblast cell line, NIH/3T3. Using fixed-cell ELISA, Western blotting and immunofluorescence cell staining, it was clearly demonstrated that the chestnut inner shell extract enhanced the expression of the cell-associated fibronectin and vitronectin. Scoparone (6,7-dimethoxycoumarin), isolated from the extract, also possessed similar properties. These findings suggest that the enhanced expression of the adhesion molecules may be one of the molecular mechanisms for how the chestnut inner shell extract preventing cell detachment and may be also responsible for its anti-wrinkle/skin firming effect.