• 복식
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.106-117
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to provide basic information for the development of well-fitting and comfortable brassieres for women in their 30s, based on the classification of breast shapes by utilizing 3D body measurement data of women in the age group. The result of processing the measurements from the 3D body scan data through RapidForm 2006 shows that while the vertical body measurements decrease, the horizontal measurements, which indicates the degree of obesity, increase proportionally with age. Also, the relevant measurements for upper breasts increase proportionally with age, while the measurements for lower part of the breasts decrease as the degree of sagging increases. Four composition factors of the breasts were identified through the factor analysis: Factor 1 is the level of volume in the breasts and the surrounding area; Factor 2 is the position of nipples and the shape of upper part of breasts; Factor 3 is the position and vertical length of the breasts; Factor 4 is the shape of lower part of breasts; and Factor 5 is the shape of inner part of breasts and degree of width between both breasts. The breasts have been categorized into three distinctive shapes: Breast Shape 1, Breast Shape 2 and Breast Shape 3. According to the results of the cluster analysis, the largest percentage (36.68%) of women in their 30s falls into the category of Breast Shape 2 with small volume and flat upper breasts, followed by Breast Shape 1 (32.66%) with large volume in the upper and lower parts of breasts, and large side to side area, and Breast Shape 3 (30.65%) with average volume and width between breasts.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.715-725
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• 2011

Objective: This study is aimed at developing Articulated Human Models(AHM) using superquadrics to improve the geometric accuracy of the body shape. Background: The previous work presents the AHM with geometrical simplification such as ellipsoids to improve analysis efficiency. However, because of the simplicity, their physical properties such as a center of mass and moment of inertia are computed with errors compared to their actual values. Method: This paper introduces a three steps method to present the AHM with superquadrics. First, a 3D whole body scan data are divided into 17 body segments according to body joints. Second, superquadric fitting is employed to minimize the Euclidean distance between body segments and superquadrics. Finally, Fee-Form Deformation is used to improve accuracy over superquadric fitting. Results: Our computational experiment shows that the superquadric models give better accuracy of dynamic analysis than that of ellipsoid ones. Conclusion: We generate the AHM composed of 17 superquadrics and 16 joints using superquadric fitting. Application: The AHM using superquadrics can be used as the base model for dynamics and ergonomics applications with better accuracy because it presents the human motion effectively.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to develop torso pattern of Middle-aged obese women by using the virtual twin and 3D virtual garment simulation system. The results were as follows; 1. By using 3D Virtual Garment Simulation, new torso pattern considered obese women was development. The basic numerical formula were as follows ; bust girth B/2+5, armhole depth B/6+5, front waist girth W/4+2+0.5, back waist girth W/4+1-0.5, front hip girth H/4+1+0.5, back hip girth H/4+2-0.5, chest width B/6+2.5, back width B/6+2.5 and back neck width B/20+2.5. 2. According to the results of the new torso pattern's appearance evaluation, it estimated more highly than existing pattern in silhouette and ease amount, confirming that new torso pattern is appropriate for the obese women. Also, new torso pattern was evaluated to allow proper space length of bust, waist, abdomen and hip. Virtual models production through 3D body scan data, pattern draft and virtual garment digital program were applied to prototypic design method so as to enhance the fitness of ready-made garments. This study is expected to serve as one of important basic data for ensuing studies that may utilize 3D Virtual Garment Simulation System with 2D patterns, and also for future 3D Pattern Production Program development.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop slacks pattern of elderly women aged over 60s by using the virtual twin and 3D virtual garment simulation system. The results were as follows; first, By using 3D Virtual Garment Simulation, new slacks pattern considered elderly women was development. The basic numerical formula were as follows, front waist girth W/4+2+1.5, back waist girth W/4+1.5+0.5, front hip girth H/4+0.75, back hip girth H/4+1.5, front crotch extension H/16-0.5, back crotch extension H/8-1.3, front dart amount 2 and back dart amount 1.5. Second, according to the results of the new slacks pattern's appearance evaluation, it estimated more highly than existing pattern in silhouette and ease amount, confirming that new slacks pattern is appropriate for the elderly women. Also, new slacks pattern was evaluated to allow proper space length of waist, abdomen and hip. Virtual models production through 3D body scan data, pattern draft and virtual garment digital program were applied to prototypic design method so as to enhance the fitness of ready-made garments. The use of the virtual twin made it impossible to comprehend the appearances and ease correspondent to motions. In order to evaluate wearing fitness, therefore, the system should be improved so as to change arm positions and perform various motions.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.555-569
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• 2015

During a design process of a protective equipment for sports activities, minimizing movement restrictions is important for enhancing its functions particularly for protection. This study presents a three-dimensional(3D) modeling methodology for designing baseball catcher's leg guards that will allow maximum possible performance, while providing necessary protection. 3D scanning is performed on three positions frequently used by a catcher during the course of a game by putting markings on the subject's legs at 3cm intervals : a standing, a half squat with knees bent to 90 degrees and 120 degrees of knee flexion. Using data obtained from the 3D scan, we analyzed the changes in skin length, radii of curvatures, and cross-sectional shapes, depending on the degree of knee flexion. The results of the analysis were used to decide an on the ideal segmentation of the leg guards by modeling posture. Knee flexions to 90 degrees and to $120^{\circ}$ induced lengthwise extensions than a standing. In particular, the vertical length from the center of the leg increases to a substantially higher degree when compared to those increased from the inner and the outer side of the leg. The degree of extension is varied by positions. Therefore, the leg guards are segmented at points where the rate of increase changed. It resulted in a three-part segmentation of the leg guards at the thigh, the knee, and the shin. Since the 120 degree knee-flexion posture can accommodate other positions as well, the related 3D data are used for modeling Leg Guard (A) with the loft method. At the same time, Leg Guard (B) was modeled with two-part segmentation without separating the knee and the shin as in existing products. A biomechanical analysis of the new design is performed by simulating a 3D dynamic analysis. The analysis revealed that the three-part type (A) leg guards required less energy from the human body than the two-part type (B).

• 복식문화연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.245-254
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to develop uniform pattern of obese junior-high school girls by using the virtual twin and 3D virtual garment simulation system. The results were as follows; first, by using 3D virtual garment simulation, new uniform pattern considered obese junior-high school girls was development. The basic numerical formula were as follows; bust girth=B/2+2.5, armhole depth=B/4, front waist girth=W/4+1.8, back waist girth=W/4+1, front hip girth=H/4+1, back hip girth=H/4+1, chest width=chest width+1.5, back width=back width+1 and back neck width 8cm. Second, according to the results of the new uniform pattern's appearance evaluation, it estimated more highly than existing pattern in silhouette and ease amount, confirming that new uniform pattern is appropriate for the obese junior-high school girls. Also, new uniform pattern was evaluated to allow proper space length of bust, waist, abdomen and hip. Virtual models production through 3D body scan data, pattern draft and virtual garment digital program were applied to prototypic design method so as to enhance the fitness of ready-made garments. This study is expected to serve as one of important basic data for ensuing studies that may utilize 3D virtual garment simulation system with 2D patterns, and also for future 3D pattern production program development.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.475-480
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• 2018

하복부 MRI 검사에서 환자는 body array coil과 물리적으로 접촉하여 검사를 받는다. 이 연구에서는 아크릴 보조장치(ACR)를 설계하여 코일과 환자의 비접촉식 스캔을 가능하게하고, ACR을 이용해서 획득 한 영상을 ACR 없이 얻은 영상와 비교하여 실현 가능성을 평가하였다. Ingenia 3.0TTM MR 시스템과 dStreamTM torso coil (Philips Healthcare, Netherlands)을 사용하여 10건(F : 5, m : 5)을 테스트하였다. 대표적인 두가지 pulse sequence(T1 AXE TSE, eTHRIVE (GRE))를 사용하여, 스캔 한 영상을 정량적, 정성적으로 비교 분석 하였다. 정성적으로 보면, TSE는 ACR의 유무에 관계없이 4.44와 4.56의 평균값을, GRE에서는 각각 4.34와 4.28을 보여준다. 정량적으로, TSE는 ACR 유무에 관계없이 12.15 CNR, 17.95 SNR 및 12.71 CNR, 18.96 SNR을 보였으며, GRE는 ACR이 있는 경우와 없는 경우 각각 17.72 CNR, 22.59 SNR 및 18.26 CNR, 24.47 SNR을 보여주었다. 즉, ACR의 사용이 환자를 편안하게 하지만, 화질에는 큰 영향이 없음을 확인하였다. 우리는 하복부 환자의 MRI 검사용 아크릴 보조 장치를 설계하고 적용해보았다. 우리의 결과는 환자와의 물리적 접촉없이 현재의 복부 MRI 스캔과 유사한 이미지 품질을 얻을 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.467-476
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to develop a plausible methodology based on experimental data how to set up darts and split lines on 3D parametric body dressed with tight-fit garment. The results were as following: Through the process of making convex hull, the concave parts were straightened to make a convex hull, especially in the center part of bust, under breast part and scapular part. To figure out the optimum positions of darts and split lines, the inflection points of curve ratio were searched along the horizontal polylines of waist and bust. This procedures produced reliable results with low deviation. Using Rapidform, CATIA and Unigraphics, six patches of bodice patterns were drawn and aligned. Paired t-test results showed the outline and area between 3D surface and 2D were not significantly different, meaning this method could be adaptable when flattening 3D surfaces. The amount of waist dart measured on the pattern showed that the highest portion was allocated on 2nd dart(back), followed by 1st dart(back), 1st dart(front), 2nd dart(front)/side dart, and center back dart. A series of findings suggested that curve ration inflection point could be used as a guide to set up darts and split line on 3D parametric model with low deviation.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.661-671
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• 2011

This study was designed to produce rounded belt pattern and tight-skirt pattern drafting method using 3D body scan data. Subjects were thirty women in their early twenties. In order to figure out the optimum cutting points, namely, where darts are made, using CAD program, curve ratio inflection points on the horizontal curve of waist, abdomen, and hip to find 1 point in the front, two points in the back part. The average length from center front point to maximum curve ratio was 7.7 cm(46.3%) on the waist curve; 7.9 cm(39.4%) on the abdomen curve. And the average length from center back point to maximum curve ratio point was 6.9 cm(39.0%) for first dart and 11.2 cm(63.3%) for second dart on the waist curve; 8.9 cm(35.8%) for first dart and 15.7 cm(63.3%) for second dart on the hip curve respectively. The cutting lines from were made up by connecting curve inflection points. After divided using cutting lines, each patch was flattened onto the plane and all the technical design factors related with patternmaking were measured, such as dart amount, lifting amount of side waist point, etc. Based on the results of correlation analysis among these factors, regression analysis was done to produce equations to estimate the variables necessary to draw up pattern draft method; F1=F8+1.1, $F4=2.5{\times}F2+0.9$, $F5=0.9{\times}F4+1.0$, $F6=0.3{\times}F4+0.4$, $B1=0.9{\times}B8+2.3$, $B4=2.1{\times}B2+1.3$, $B5=0.9{\times}B4+3.5$, and $B6=0.3{\times}B4+0.4$.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.955-960
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• 2019

전산화단층검사는 많은 방사선을 받을 수 있으며, 한 명의 환자에서 반복적으로 시행되는 경우가 위험도는 매우 높다. 어린이의 경우에 방사선에 의한 암 발생률이 더 높다고 보고하고 있다. 3D 프린트는 여러 분야에 적용하기 위해서 연구되고 있으며, 여러 응용 분야중 방사선 차폐체 제작 및 재료에 대한 연구가 최근 진행되고 있다. 3D 프린터의 목적은 기존의 판넬 형태의 차폐체를 대체하고 인체의 형태를 따라 맞춤형 제작을 하는 것이 최종 목적이기 때문에 3D 프린터에 입력할 3차원정보처리에 대한 연구도 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 스테레오 비전의 깊이지도(depth map) 생성 기술을 이용하여 환자 맞춤형 안구차폐체 제작의 전단계인 인체표면의 3차원 데이터를 계산하고 활용 가능성을 연구하고자 하였다. 알려진 3차원 정보처리의 방법들에 비해서 비교적 간단한 방법으로 제안된 결과 안면부 3차원 정보추출을 위한 최소한의 정보가 추출되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 자연광을 적용한 스테레오영상의 장점과 한계점을 제공하였고 향후 안구 차폐체 제작을 위한 기초자료가 될 것으로 판단한다.