• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.205-212
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• 2007

In this paper, we present a prototype of view-switchable high-definition (HD) multi-view video transmission system. One of the major bottlenecks for the multi-view broadcasting system has been the hardware cost and transmission bandwidth. The proposed system focuses on software-based design, transmission over IP multicast networks, and flexible system configuration to address aforementioned problems. In the proposed system, we implement software stereo HD multiplexing, demultipiexing and decoding, and take advantage of high-speed broadband convergence networks to deliver HD video in real-time. Moreover, the proposed system can be scalable and flexible in terms of the number of views. Furthermore, in order to display any multiview video on 3D display monitor, a face tracking system is integrated to our system. Therefore, users can watch the different stereoscopic video at its related locations.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.2146-2152
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• 2008

In In this paper, we proposed a new JPEG2000 codec using multiresolution-based rendering (MRBR) technique for video compression of 3-dimensional digital cinema. We introduced discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for stereoscopic image and stereo matching technique in the wavelet domain. The disparity was extracted using stereo matching and transmitted with the reference (left) image. Since the generated right image was degraded by the occlusion lesion, the residual image which is generated from difference between the original right image and the generated one was transmitted at the same tine. The disparity data was extracted using the dynamic programming method in the disparity domain. There is high correlation between the higher and lower subbands. Therefore we decreased the calculation amount and enhanced accuracy by restricting the search window and applying the disparity information generated from higher subband.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.11 no.4 s.33
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• pp.483-494
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a novel program specific information structure(PSI) in MPEG-2 system for a three-dimensional broadcasting system while guaranteeing compatibility with the conventional digital broadcasting system. The proposed PSI structure including a descriptor of contents type, 2D or 3D, provides service providers with a function of combining 2D and 3D contents freely. However the descriptor is ignored in the conventional digital broadcasting set-top box. With the proposed PSI structure, we designed and implemented a three-dimensional broadcasting system. The proposed system has 2D or 3D display mode for providing user's preference in a three-dimensional broadcasting environment.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2020

Recently, the development of image processing technology, as well as hardware performance, has been continuing the research on 3D point processing technology that provides users with free viewing angle and stereoscopic effect in various fields. Point cloud technology, which is a type of representation of 3D point, has attracted attention in various fields because it can acquired/expressed point precisely. However, since Hundreds of thousands, millions of point are required to represent one 3D point cloud content, there is a disadvantage that a larger amount of storage space is required than a conventional 2D content. For this reason, the MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group), an international standardization organization, is continuing to research how to efficiently compress, store, and transmit 3D point cloud content to users. In this paper, a V-PCC bitstream generated by a V-PCC (Video-based Point Cloud Compression) encoder proposed by the MPEG-I (Immersive) group is composed of an MPU (Media Processing Unit) defined by the MMT. In addition, by extending the signaling message defined in the MMT standard, a parameter for a segmented transmission method of the 3D point cloud content by area and quality parameters considering the characteristic of the 3D point cloud content, so that the quality parameters can be selectively determined according to the user's request. Finally, in this paper, we verify the result through design/implementation of the verification platform based on the proposed technology.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.108-110
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• 2010

최근 3D 비디오 서비스에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있는 가운데, 지상파 DMB 및 위성 DMB에서도 스테레오스코픽 비디오 서비스를 제공하기 위한 노력이 진행되고 있다[1]-[3]. DMB-AF 파일 포맷[4]은 MPEG에서 제정한 DMB 파일 포맷 국제 표준이다. 이 표준 제정 당시에는 스테레오스코픽 비디오 콘텐트를 지원하는 기능이 들어 있지 않았다. 본 논문에서는 DMB-AF 한 파일 내에서 2D 비디오, BIFS에 의해 스테레오스코픽 이미지가 오버레이된 2D 비디오, 스테레오스코픽 비디오 등이 시간적으로 혼용될 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 또한 이 방법은 기존 2D 비디오의 재생만 지원하는 기존 DMB-AF 플레이어와의 호환성을 보장한다. 따라서 기존 DMB-AF 플레이어가 BIFS에 의해 스테레오스코픽 이미지가 오버레이된 2D 비디오 또는 스테레오스코픽 비디오가 포함된 DMB-AF 파일을 재생할 때에는 2D 이미지 또는 2D 비디오로 재생할 수 있다. 제안한 방법은 한 프레임을 좌우로 반으로 나누어 좌안 및 우안 비디오를 좌우로 배치한 화면분할(side-by-side) 포맷에 의한 스테레오스코픽 비디오뿐만 아니라 좌안 또는 우안 비디오 중 하나는 2D 재생용의 기준 비디오로 다른 하나는 스테레오스코픽 비디오를 위한 부가 비디오로 사용하는 기본 포맷에 의한 스테레오스코픽 비디오도 지원한다. 후자의 경우, 부가 비디오는 가로 해상도가 기준 비디오의 1/2인 선택사항 포맷도 지원한다. 스테레오스코픽 비디오를 지원하기 위해, 기존 DMB-AF 표준의 확장을 최소화하는 방법을 제안한다.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.49
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• pp.633-649
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to conceptualize the changing aspects of human freedom of observation and viewing as the visual media evolves from film to 3D stereoscopic film and VR. The purpose of this study is to conceptualize the aspect of freedom and viewing aspect from the viewpoint of genealogy. In addition, I will identify the media aesthetic characteristics of VR and identify the identity and ontology of VR. Media has evolved around the most artificial sense of human being. There is a third visual space called screen at the center of all the reproduction devices centering on visual media such as painting, film, television, and computer. In particular, movies, television, and video screens, which are media that reproduce moving images, pursue perfect fantasy and visual satisfaction while controlling the movement of the audience. A mobilized virtual gaze was secured on the assumption of the floating nature of the so-called viewers. The audience sees a cinematic illusion with a view while seated in a fixed seat in a floating posture. They accept passive, passive, and passively without a doubt the fantasy world beyond the screen. But with the advent of digital paradigm, the evolution of visual media creates a big change in the tradition of reproduction media. 3D stereoscopic film predicted the extinction of the fourth wall, the fourth wall. The audience is no longer sitting in a fixed seat and only staring at the front. The Z-axis appearance of the 3D stereoscopic image reorganizes the space of the story. The viewer's gaze also extends from 'front' to 'top, bottom, left, right' and even 'front and back'. It also transforms the passive audience into an active, interactive, and experiential subject by placing viewers between images. Going one step further, the visual media, which entered the VR era, give freedom to the body of the captive audience. VR secures the possibility of movement of visitors and simultaneously coexists with virtual space and physical space. Therefore, the audience of the VR contents acquires an integrated identity on the premise of participation and movement. It is not a so-called representation but a perfection of the aesthetic system by reconstructing the space of fantasy while inheriting the simulation tradition of the screen.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.145-148
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 3차원 스테레오 영상에서의 시각적 피로도와 안구의 운동량과의 상관관계를 도출하고 시각적 피로도 측정 시스템을 제안한다. 제안한 측정 방법은 3차원 스테레오 영상 시청자의 피로도가 누적되었을 때, 안구의 단속성 운동(saccade)이 감소할 것이라는 가정에 기반을 둔다. 액티브 셔터글라스 방식의 3D 안경을 착용한 시청자의 동공을 검출하고 추적하기 위해 적외선 광원 및 적외선 카메라를 이용한다. 획득한 영상에 대해 이진 임계화를 적용하고 타원 피팅을 수행하여 동공의 위치를 검출한다. 피팅된 타원의 이심률과 크기 및 위치를 제한하여 검출 오류를 줄인다. 검출된 동공의 위치를 바탕으로 안구의 단속성 운동량을 측정한다. 실험에는 변이 정도가 크지 않아 편안하게 시청 가능한 스테레오 영상과 과도한 변이를 가져 시청하는데 불편한 영상이 분리되어 사용되었다. 이들 영상에 대해 각각 실험자의 단속성 운동량을 측정하였다. 실험 결과에서 안구의 단속성 운동량이 변이가 큰 영상에서 그렇지 않은 영상에 비해 감소하는 경향이 나타났다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.789-807
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to find various disparity factors in conjunction with situations and contexts of the contents that cause viewer's discomfort, which is to make a content production guideline for viewer's safety, eventually. As a methodology, we extract the experimental data by letting various viewers push a pre-defined key as long as they feel discomfort during watching stereo 3D contents. For each contents, we extract the disparities and disparity changes for the focal point, vicinity of the focal point (ROI, region of interest), and the whole image. For each contents, each point or part of contents is analyzed to find the factors causing discomfort with the two prepared data with watching the contents in 3D. Then, all the analyzed data are re-analyzed to find the strength of each factor. The results from the analyses are explained from the factors having relatively high strength first. It includes the factors that are not known as well as the ones that we can already guess.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.10B
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• pp.1117-1123
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• 2009

Head fixed type multi-focus display system using Galvano-scanner and DMD(Digital Micro-mirror Device), which is able to perfectly accommodate, can solve eye fatigue due to conflict between convergence eye movement and accommodation action in stereoscopic display. This system is able to accommodate through making convergence point about each view point and offering it in front of observer's pupil by using laser scanning method. In this paper, we analyzed laser scanning method of this multi-focus display system. And multi-focus display system based on this analysis was made, which showed that focus adjustment was possible through video camera. As a result, formation principle of view point of multi-focus system by laser scanning method was verified.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.1908-1918
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• 2013

Free-view, auto-stereoscopic video service is a next generation broadcasting system which offers a three-dimensional video, images of the various point are needed. This paper proposes a method that parallelizes the algorithm for arbitrary intermediate view-point image fast generation and make it faster using General Propose Graphic Processing Unit(GPGPU) with help of the Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA). It uses a parallelized stereo-matching method between the leftmost and the rightmost depth images to obtain disparity information and It use data calculated disparity increment per depth value. The disparity increment is used to find the location in the intermediate view-point image for each depth in the given images. Then, It is eliminate to disocclusions complement each other and remaining holes are filled image using hole-filling method and to get the final intermediate view-point image. The proposed method was implemented and applied to several test sequences. The results revealed that the quality of the generated intermediate view-point image corresponds to 30.47dB of PSNR in average and it takes about 38 frames per second to generate a Full HD intermediate view-point image.