• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.201-211
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• 2015

Purpose: Designing equipment for processing, sorting, and other post-harvest operations of agricultural products requires information about their physical properties. This study was conducted to investigate some of the mechanical and physical properties of Moringa oleifera L. pods and seeds. Methods: Properties such as the length, width, thickness, bulk density, porosity, mass, static coefficient of friction, and angle of repose were determined as a function of moisture content. Statistical data and force-deformation curves obtained at each loading orientation and moisture level were analyzed for bioyield point, bioyield strength, yield force, rupture point, and rupture strength using a testrometric machine. Result: The basic dimensions (length, width, and thickness) of moringa pods and seeds were found to increase linearly from 311.15 to 371.45 mm, 22.79 to 31.22 mm, and 22.24 to 29.88 mm, respectively, in the moisture range of 12 to 49.5% d.b. The coefficient of friction for both pods and seeds increased linearly with an increase in moisture content on all the surfaces used. The highest value was recorded on mild steel, with 0.581 for pods and 0.3533 for seeds, and the lowest on glass for pods, with a value of 0.501, and of 0.2933 for seeds on galvanized steel. The bioyield and rupture forces, bioyield and rupture energies, and deformation of the pods decreased with an increase in moisture content to a minimum value, then increased with further decrease within the moisture content range, while the yield force increased to a maximum value and then decreased as the moisture content increased. Conclusion: These results will help to determine the most suitable conditions for processing, transporting, and storing moringa pods, and to provide relevant data useful in designing handling and processing equipment for the crop.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.146-157
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data necessary for the establishment of a nursing intervention program to relieve the powerlessness of elderly adults in nursing homes by investigating the degree of such powerlessness and factors affecting it. For the study, 353 elderly adults from S. A. D. J and Y free nursing homes located in Pusan were sampled as the subjects. The data were collected through direct interviews using a questionnaire survey and recorded by observation for a month from September 1. 1999. Data were analyzed using the statistical package SAS. The main results were as follows; 1. The mean score of the degree of perceived powerlessness of the subject were 30.4 point out of 64 point. 2. The level of powerlessness showed significant differences among the subjects in terms of educational background and monthly allowance both of which belong to socio-demographic characteristics. 3. Concerning the level of powerlessness based on health conditions. it showed significant differences in terms of the situation of common activity and the subjective perception of health condition. 4. Based on social support. the level of powerlessness was found significantly different in terms of close friends. 5. According to social activity. the level of powerlessness showed a significant difference in religious and leisure activities. In conclusion. it would be more effective in reducing powerlessness in elderly adults and in dealing with chronic diseases and physical discomfort. if we operated programs through which elderly adults can make friends and develop a nursing intervention program focusing on a variety of leisure activities.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.625-635
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• 2014

Multiple strips are required for large area mapping using ALS (Airborne Laser Scanner) system. LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data collected from the ALS system has discrepancies between strips due to systematic errors of on-board laser scanner and GPS/INS, inaccurate processing of the system calibration as well as boresight misalignments. Such discrepancies deteriorate the overall geometric quality of the end products such as DEM (Digital Elevation Model), building models, and digital maps. Therefore, strip adjustment for minimizing discrepancies between overlapping strips is one of the most essential tasks to create seamless point cloud data. This study implemented area-based matching (ABM) to determine conjugate features for computing 3D transformation parameters. ABM is a well-known method and easily implemented for this purpose. It is obvious that the exact same LiDAR points do not exist in the overlapping strips. Therefore, the term "conjugate point" means that the location of occurring maximum similarity within the overlapping strips. Coordinates of the conjugate locations were determined with sub-pixel accuracy. The major drawbacks of the ABM are sensitive to scale change and rotation. However, there is almost no scale change and the rotation angles are quite small between adjacent strips to apply AMB. Experimental results from this study using both simulated and real datasets demonstrate validity of the proposed scheme.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.66-76
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• 2017

This study used a virtual wearing system equipped with body shape data with a 3D scanner, based on a female basic bodice, to develop a modified Hanbok Jeogori with high fitness capabilities to provide basic data for the development of the modified Hanbok Jeogori pattern for the academic and industrial fields. In this study, the representative modified Hanbok design which most frequently appeared in broadcasting ads and on line was selected. The wearing test was conducted by six professionals, and three times wearing tests were implemented based on 17 evaluation items. The data for this study was processed statistically using SAS 9.0. We conducted, the F-test for significance verification, the Duncan-test for a post test, and a correlation analysis of Cronbach's alpha coefficient for a reliability test of dressing test results were implemented for each of the three tests. The pattern of the developed modified Hanbok Jeogori overcame the defects of the short length of the conventional modified hanbok, and could fix the length issue. The developed Hanbok pattern solved the overlapping problem of the shoulder, back neck point-sleeve length(Whajang), and armhole, displayed in a straight line from the Godae point of the previous modified Hanbok; it suggested the position of the Seop and neck line in the basic bodice. Based on this, the Seop width, Git form, Goreum and the width, length, and position of the string whose dimensions can differ in accordance with the trend can be applied in various forms.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2023

Interference and collisions often occur in the loading process at shipyards. Existing simulation methods focus primarily on resource processes and schedules, and there is a lack of real-time reflection in the complex and highly variable loading process. This study aims to develop a spatial environment incorporating real-time product data, such as hulls, and confirms its effectiveness by simulating various construction scenarios. As a method, a near real-time spatial environment based on broadband laser scanning was established, with the situation of loading heavy cargo assumed when converting an existing ship into an LNG dual-fuel propulsion ship. A case study simulation of near-real-time cargo loading processes was then conducted using Unity 3D to confirm the interference and collision risks within the spatial environment. The results indicated that interference occurred in structures previously not identified in the design data, and a collision occurred during the loading object erection phase. The simulation confirmed that the identification of interference and collision risks during the erection phase highlights the need for a relocation or removal process of potential hazards before erection takes place. An improved erection simulation that integrates near real-time data could effectively prevent interference and collision risks.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.447-455
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to analyze the difference in kinematic variables for successful and unsuccessful golf putting strokes. The study population included 8 male secondary school golf players who had played golf for over 3 years and whose handicap was 4 or lower. A hole was made on a 5-m-long artificial flat mat for practice, and an environment similar to that of a real green was created. The participants' motions were analyzed through 3D image analysis, and the difference in kinematic variables for successful and unsuccessful putting strokes in the same direction was determined. Data analysis revealed the following findings: The time spent for a segment of putting was the greatest for the backswing segment for both successful and unsuccessful strokes. During address and impact, the both changed to a larger extent. For successful putting strokes, the change in the elbow angle during the downswing was greater for the right elbow than for the left elbow. For both successful and unsuccessful putting strokes, the left shoulder angle increased during the segment from address to the turning point and decreased during the segment from the turning point to impact. In contrast, the right shoulder angle significantly differed between successful and unsuccessful putting strokes only during address. During successful and unsuccessful motions, the swing was executed with the moving displacement of the X-axis of the club head maintained almost constant along a straight light without back and forth movement. In the backswing segment, moving displacement of the Y- and Z-axes was greater in successful strokes than in unsuccessful strokes; however, this difference was very small for the Y-axis. The velocity of the club head for successful and unsuccessful motions significantly differed during address and at the turning point. The highest velocity of the ball was greater for successful than for unsuccessful putting strokes.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.33-47
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• 1994

AIDS preventional efforts need to be guided by well trained health care personnel especially by school nurses for the adolescents. This study was designed to get basic data about AIDS educational program development for school nurses. The objectives of this study were to 1) identify AIDS knowledg of school nurses 2) identify AIDS attitudes of school nurses and 3) identify association between AIDS knowledge and sociodemographic characteristics. Data were collected from 173 subjects in Chonbuk province. Self-reporting questionnaire were administered during the period from 1st of June to 30th of June, 1994. AIDS related knowledge was measured by using 44 questions on cause(3 items), testing(3 items), mode of transmission(15 items), clinical manifestations(5 items), treatment(3 items), prevention(5 items), complication(4 items), infection control(3 items) and Using resources(3 items). AIDS related attitudes were measured by five point Likert scales using 13 questions on perceived threats from AIDS crisis (4 items), perceived severity to AIDS(2 items), perceived needs about psychosocial care for HIV infected patients(3 items) and perceived educational needs of AIDS(4 items). The collected data were analyzed by SPSS/PC/sup +/, using percentages, Mean and S.D. descriptive purpose and t-test or F for comparing the variables. The major findings were as follows: 1. Respondents ranged in knowledge of AIDS between 0 and 44 with the 33.79 mean score. Percentage of correctly answered respondents to each categories - mode of transmission : 87.0% - clinical manifestation : 85.0% - cause : 82.5% - prevention : 81.5% - treatment : 76.1% - infection control : 72.8% - testing of HIV infection 71.8% - using community resourses : 50.9% - complication : 45.8% 2. The respondents' attitudes of AIDS The majority(70%) showed higher perceived threat The majority(91.3%) showed higher perceived severity to AIDS crisis As a whole, perceived needs about psychosocial care for HIV infected patients negative The majority (over 96.5%) showed highly perceived educational needs of AIDS. 3. The relationship between AIDS knowledge and each of those general character. AIDS knowledge shows significant difference with age(F=3.50, p<.016), years of professional experience(F=4.14, p<.007) and received lecture about AIDS(F=4.54, p<.000). There was no significant difference between AIDS knowledge and job satisfaction.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.219-232
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• 2000

Objective : The meridian and the acupuncture point of oriental medicine are very important in the department of acupuncture and moxibustion. Recently, we needed to study on the phenomenon of the meridian and acupuncture point with objective data. And then, I made a study of effects on the thermal changes of Five-shu-points(五輸穴) of the Lung meridian with acupuncture on Taeyon($L_9$, 太淵), using Digital infrared thermal imaging(D.I.T.I). Method : This study researched into clinical statistics for 60 men who are in good health. The objective was divided into two groups, one was the control group(CON, N=30) and the other was acupuncture group(ACU, N=30). The first, I took a picture for 60 men with the Digital infrared thermal imaging(D.I.T.I.). After 10 minutes, I took a second picture for each group following experimental methods. Results : I. The Mean temperature of Sasang($L_{11}$), Oje($L_{10}$), Taeyon($L_9$), Kyonggo($L_8$), Choldaek($L_5$) and Taenung($P_7$) area in adult men with good health, made a no significant difference with left and right side points. 2. Acupuncture group with acupuncture stimularion on Taeyon($L_9$) had a effect on much thermal changes of Sasang($L_{11}$), Oje($L_{10}$), Taeyon($L_9$), Kyonggo($L_8$) and Choldaek($L_5$) than control group. The thermal changes of the area which is a meridian point in the Lung Meridian of acupuncture group differed from control group with significant decrease and increase following the decreasing or increasing temperature class. Each class of ascent and descent thermal change was statistically significant value compared with control group. 3. Acupuncture group with acupuncture stimulation on Taeyon($L_9$) had not a effect on thermal changes of Taenung($P_7$) area than control group. And the increasing and decreasing temperature class of the acupuncture group did not significantly differ from control group. Conclusion : I could think that the acupuncture on Taeyon($L_9$) affected the thermal change of the area which is the Five-shu-points in the Lung Meridian. And then I could relate these results with the existence of the meridian and acupuncture point.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.637-643
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 비디오카메라와 GPS/MEMS IMU, UMPC를 결합하여 영상과 위치/자세 데이터를 획득하는 휴대용 멀티센서 시스템을 구축하였다. 구축된 시스템을 통해 획득된 데이터를 이용하여 지상기준점을 이용하지 않고 광속조정법 기반의 영상 geo-referencing을 수행하고 정확도 검증을 통해 시스템의 효용성을 평가하였다. 정확도 검증 결과, 지상점의 상대좌표 정확도는 RMSE가수 cm내외로 상당히 정확함을 확인할 수 있었다. 구축된 시스템은 대상 객체의 3차원 모델과 상대좌표를 획득하는데 있어서 충분히 활용 가능하다고 판단된다. 향후에는 시스템 및 카메라의 엄밀한 보정을 통해 절대좌표의 정확도를 개선할 예정이다.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제33권
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• pp.47-54
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• 2021

목 적: Quasar^TM Phantom을 활용하여 흉부 4D CT 촬영 시 호흡이 불규칙한 상황을 가정해 재촬영 했을 때와 Pause & Resume 방법을 사용하였을 때 Data 안정성과 선량감소 효과를 비교분석 하여 Pause & Resume 방법의 임상적용의 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: Quasar^TM Phantom을 사용하여 분당 호흡수를 15 BPM, 7.5 BPM으로 설정하고 S15 지점을 호흡이 불규칙한 구간이라고 설정한 후 이 지점에 OSLD를 부착하여 Pause & Resume 방법을 사용했을 때 S15 구간의 선량을 실측했다. 재촬영(2회) 했을 때와 Pause & Resume 방법을 사용했을 때의 선량 비교를 위해 CTDIvol, DLP, ALARA-CT를 이용해 분석했다. Pause & Resume 방법을 적용한 Data의 안정성과 유용성 평가를 위해 Advanced Workstation Volume Share7을 사용해 촬영된 이미지를 Sorting 하고 Eclipse^TM에 전송하여 Phantom 내 쇠구슬에 윤곽형성을 하여 지름과 체적을 분석했다. 결 과: OSLD 실측결과 Pause & Resume 사용 시 S15의 구간에 한해서 1.97배 선량이 증가했다. 영상 평가결과 15 BPM과 7.5 BPM에서 Pause & Resume 방법을 사용했을 때와 사용하지 않았을 때 측정된 모든 체적의 평균값은 15.2 cm3±0.5%였다. 반지름은 측정한 모든 값이 Pause & Resume 사용 유무와 관계없이 3.1 cm로 나타났다. 선량은 Pause & Resume을 사용한 경우 재촬영 했을 때 가장 낮은 DLP 값보다 33% 감소했고 가장 높은 DLP 값보다 38% 감소했으며 유효선량도 최소값 대비 32.1% 최대값 대비 37.6% 감소했다. 결 론: 호흡의 불규칙이 발생했다고 가정한 구간(S15)에서 Pause & Resume 한 경우 S15 구간에 한해 재촬영이 이루어져 국한된 선량증가가 나타났지만 전체 촬영구간에서의 선량감소는 재촬영때보다 Pause & Resume을 사용했을 때 뚜렷했다. Pause & Resume을 사용했을 때 촬영한 이미지 데이터들의 안정성과 가용성을 확인을 위해 진행했던 쇠구슬 윤곽형성 평가에서 Pause & Resume을 사용했을 때와 사용하지 않았을 때의 쇠구슬의 반지름과 체적 값이 유사하게 나타나며 임상 적용에 있어서 유용함을 증명했다.