• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.42 no.4 s.304
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 2005

3D image mosaicking is useful for 3D visualization of the roadside scene of urban area by projecting 2D images to the 3D planes. When a sequence of images are filmed from a side-looking video camera passing long distance areas, the ghost effect in which same objects appear repeatively occurs. To suppress such ghost effect, the long distance range areas are detected by using the distance between the image frame and the 3D coordinate of tracked optical flows. The ghost effects are suppressed by projecting the part of image frames onto 3D multiple planes utilizing vectors passing the focal point of frames and a virtual focal point. The virtual focal point is calculated by utilizing the first and last frames of the long distance range areas. We demonstrate algorithm that creates efficient 3D Panoramic mosaics without the ghost effect at the long distance area.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.607-614
• /
• 2000

본 논문은 가상환경 노출에 따른 가상멀미와 같은 인체의 영향을 평가하기 위한 연구이다. 이를 위해 20명의 피험자를 대상으로 하여 30분 동안의 가상현실 환경 노출 전과 노출 후에 나타나는 인체의 영향을 분석하였다. 실험평가를 위한 파라미터로는 SSQ test, COP, flicker test, 체온변화, 심박수 변화, 그리고 눈 깜빡임 값들이 이용되었다. 3D 입체영상의 제시는 LSG에 의해서 이루어졌으며, 특히 flicker test시에서는 모니터, LSG, HMD를 모두 사용하여 피로도를 측정, 비교하였다. 본 연구결과, 가상현실 환경의 노출 전 보다 노출 후에서 SSQ score, COP, 체온, 눈 깜빡임, 그리고 심박수가 증가함을 알 수 있다.

• Optical Science and Technology
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.7-15
• /
• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
• /
• 2011.07a
• /
• pp.301-302
• /
• 2011

최근 3D 디스플레이가 3DTV는 물론 스마트폰이나 태블릿PC와 같이 작은 디스플레이 사이즈와 해상도를 가지는 휴대용 기기들에도 적용되어 다양한 형태로 사용자들에게 보급되어 보다 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 2D+Depth 형태의 입체영상에서 사용자에게 입체감을 주는 데는 깊이맵이 큰 영향을 준다. 또한 깊이맵이 복잡하게 구성되어 있을수록 사용자에게 보다 다양한 입체감을 제공할 수 있지만 실제로 사용자가 느끼는 입체감의 지각은 그렇지 못한 경우가 많기 때문에 사용자가 느끼는 임체감의 개선이 필요하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 깊이맵의 히스토그램을 기반으로 하여 깊이 평면과 깊이 편차를 이용하여 입체감을 개선하는 방법을 제안하고 주관적 실험을 통해 입체감의 변화를 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2003.07a
• /
• pp.118-119
• /
• 2003

조명각 변조방식에 의한 3차원 디스플레이 모듈의 구성요소는 back light unit(BLU), stripe-patterned LC shutter, lenticular lens sheet이다. 이런 3차원 디스플레이 에서 조명각도의 올바른 변조를 위해서는 stripe-patterned LC shutter, lenticular lens sheet 상호 결합이 가장 중요하다. 그림 1 은 이러한 입체영상 module의 개념도이다. 그림과 같이 LC shutter위에 적절한 렌티큘러 렌즈 어레이를 설치할 때, 줄무늬 모양의 면 광원에서 방출된 빛이 한번은 정확히 오른쪽 눈으로 다음 번에는 왼쪽 눈으로 향하게 하여 양안 시차에 의해 3D영상이 보이도록 하는 것이 이 모듈의 핵심원리이다. (중략)

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.29-42
• /
• 2013

In this paper, we analyze the effect of the depth perception, volume perception and visual discomfort according to the change of the quality of the depth image and the depth of the major object. For the analysis, a 2D image was converted to eighteen 3D images using depth images generated based on the different depth position of a major object and background, which were represented in three detail levels. The subjective test was carried out using eighteen 3D images so that the degrees of the depth perception, volume perception and visual discomfort recognized by the subjects were investigated according to the change in the depth position of the major object and the quality of depth map. The absolute depth position of a major object and the relative depth difference between background and the major object were adjusted in three levels, respectively. The details of the depth map was also represented in three levels. Experimental results showed that the quality of the depth image differently affected the depth perception, volume perception and visual discomfort according to the absolute and relative depth position of the major object. In the case of the cardboard depth image, it severely damaged the volume perception regardless of the depth position of the major object. Especially, the depth perception was also more severely deteriorated by the cardboard depth image as the major object was located inside the screen than outside the screen. Furthermore, the subjects did not felt the difference of the depth perception, volume perception and visual comport from the 3D images generated by the detail depth map and by the rough depth map. As a result, it was analyzed that the excessively detail depth map was not necessary for enhancement of the stereoscopic perception in the 2D-to-3D conversion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
• /
• 1998.06a
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 1998

본 논문에서는 입체 영상 시스템 중 전송단에서의 영상의 입체감 분석을 위한 변이추정 방식에 대해 중점적으로 연구하였다. 변이추정은 기본적으로 MAE(mean absolute error)를 최소가 되도록 하는 동시에 변이를 각 방향에서의 경계값의 크기에 반비례한 정도로 평활화하는 반복적 블록 매칭 방식을 적용하였다. 수신단에서는 복원된 영상과 변이 정보를 이용하여 IVR(Intermediate View Reconstruction)을 수행하였으며, 보간법(interpolation)을 사용하는 동시에 occlusion 영역에서의 좌우 영상중 한 영상에서 외삽법(extrapolation)을 택하였다. 이 알고리즘으로 영상의 smooth 영역에서 일정하게 평활화된 변이를 추정하였고, 경계부분에서는 평활화방식에서 흔히 발생하는 oversmoothing 문제를 해결하였다. 또한 IVR에서는 다른 알고리즘에 비해 영상의 경계 부분을 살리며, occlusion 영역을 잘 보존하는 특성을 보였다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.16 no.7
• /
• pp.1428-1436
• /
• 2012

This paper presents the delta image composition methods using Depth-Image-Based Rendering (DIBR) for 3D stereoscopic broadcasting for the low bandwidth mobile DMB broadcasting system. With DIBR, a left and depth images are transmitted to a mobile device, which restores the right view, whose quality may be poor. This paper describes delta image composition methods for the restoration while minimizing the amount of the transmitted data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2013.10a
• /
• pp.763-764
• /
• 2013

A three-dimensional image capturing device and its signal processing algorithm and apparatus are presented. Three dimensional information is one of emerging differentiators that provides consumers with more realistic and immersive experiences in user interface, game, 3D-virtual reality, and 3D display. It has the depth information of a scene together with conventional color image so that full-information of real life that human eyes experience can be captured, recorded and reproduced. 20 Mega-Hertz-switching high speed image shutter device for 3D image capturing and its application to system prototype are presented[1,2]. For 3D image capturing, the system utilizes Time-of-Flight (TOF) principle by means of 20MHz high-speed micro-optical image modulator, so called 'optical resonator'. The high speed image modulation is obtained using the electro-optic operation of the multi-layer stacked structure having diffractive mirrors and optical resonance cavity which maximizes the magnitude of optical modulation[3,4]. The optical resonator is specially designed and fabricated realizing low resistance-capacitance cell structures having small RC-time constant. The optical shutter is positioned in front of a standard high resolution CMOS image sensor and modulates the IR image reflected from the object to capture a depth image (Figure 1). Suggested novel optical resonator enables capturing of a full HD depth image with depth accuracy of mm-scale, which is the largest depth image resolution among the-state-of-the-arts, which have been limited up to VGA. The 3D camera prototype realizes color/depth concurrent sensing optical architecture to capture 14Mp color and full HD depth images, simultaneously (Figure 2,3). The resulting high definition color/depth image and its capturing device have crucial impact on 3D business eco-system in IT industry especially as 3D image sensing means in the fields of 3D camera, gesture recognition, user interface, and 3D display. This paper presents MEMS-based optical resonator design, fabrication, 3D camera system prototype and signal processing algorithms.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 2001

Networked Virtual Reality systems provide a consistent virtual world to the users, possibly ditributed across long distance, and have been widely applied in the military war game, network game. edutainment, architectural areas, and shopping mall etc. Large processing requirements. however. made these systems be mainly researched on the platforms of high-performence system graphics workstations. This study paper Presents several problems when networked virtual reality systems are implemented on commodity Internet : two problems related with 3D graphical Processing, and the other related with network bandwidth and transmission delay. We also suggest solutions to these problems and analyze their performance effect based on an architectural simulation application.