• Korean Security Journal
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• no.15
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• pp.89-105
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• 2008

The aim of this study is to examine the primary causes of security guard's stress by conducting a survey of 50 guards engaging in security companies in Seoul and Gyeonggido. The following results are attained by an inductive content analysis of conviction interview data through in-depth interview of qualitative study method. 1. Factors of stress related to personal problems. The stress by personal problems is resulted from two factors. One is the physical strength inferiority, which leads to negative thoughts, dismay, mental conflict and tension. The other is complex about not-specializing security, which causes discord with his/her supervisor or co-workers and a feeling of uneasiness. 2. Factors of stress related to human relationship. The stress due to human relations is constantly resulted from discord with his/her supervisor and inclined to be accumulated. The mental conflict is elated in feeling that the manager's instructions are not right. So this factor makes them want change of occupation. Also working conditions are different from those of their friends, which causes them not to spend a lot of time with their friends. 3. Factors of stress related to domestic life It appears that most security guards are under stress due to their spouses' discontent with a small number of wages. Also it is reported that male guards are under stress in case of unhappy conjugal relations. And security guard's life is restricted much more than that of workers in a general occupation because of standing ready for mobilization and 24-hour service. So some of male guards experienced an early symptoms of a morbid suspicion about their wife's chastity and are suffering from insomnia as an occupational disease.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.165-169
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• 2003

Objective: To evaluate the results of CASA systems and to compare its results. Methods: Fifty semen sampales were analysed. Concentration, motility and forward progression were evaluated simultaneously on the same semen samples using Cell Soft System-3000 (CS system) and Sperm Quality Analyzer-V (SQA system). Results: Mean semen volume was $2.8{\pm}1.2\;ml$. Mean value of sperm concentration, motility, forward progression using CS system were $83.4{\pm}45.7{\times}10^6/ml$, $52.3{\pm}16.4%$ and $48.6{\pm}13.4%$, respectively. And mean value of sperm concentration, motility, forward progression using SQA system were $78.2{\pm}42.9{\times}10^6/ml$, $57.0{\pm}24.0%$ and $50.6{\pm}21.9%$, respectively. There were no statistical significancy of sperm concentration, motility, forward progression between the two devices. Conclusion: SQA system variables well correlated with the CS system. As a screening test for semen quality, CS system and SQA system is considered as useful in the management of male infertility.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.225-232
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• 2001

The aim of this study was to recommend the optimal age for prevention of periodontal disease and to investigate the trend of treatment modality according to different period. From the chart recordings of the patients who had been treated periodontally from Jan. 1981 to Dec. 1995 in the dept .of periodontics, Chosun University Dental Hospital, those of the periodontally treated patients on more than 4 sixtants were selected for the present study. The distribution of the patients was counted according to the age group and the gender. And they were divided into 3 groups(group 1: 1987-1958, group 2: 1985-1990, group 3: 1991-1995) by 5 year interval according to the treated year. The periodontal treatment modalities were classified into non-surgical therapy, pocket elimination surgery, regenerative periodontal surgery, mucoginigival surgery, clinical crown lengthening, and others. The results were as follows; 1.In the distribution of the periodontally treated patients according to the age group, 40's age group was the highest, and 30's, 40's, and 50's age groups occupied more than two thirds(73%). 2.The sexual distribution of the periodontally treated patients showed that males(53.4%) were a little more than females(46.6%). Within 20's group female was higher, but within 40's male was higher. 3.Regardless of the age group and the gender, pocket elimination surgery was the most frequent treatment modality. 4.In group 1 and 2(1987-1990) the main treatment modality was pocket elimination surgery and non-surgical therapy, but in group 3(1991-1995) it was regenerative periodontal surgery and pocket elimination surgery. The above results suggest that the prevention of periodontal disease should be initiated from early twenties, and the most frequent treatment modality may be closely related with development of new material and method.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.149-158
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• 2017

This study aimed to develop food truck concept based on demographic characteristics by using conjoint analysis. This study investigated the attributes importance and attributes level based on gender, age and income. Results of the research were following. First, as a result of analyzing the attributes importance and attributes level of gender, age, and income, it found that the price was more important than the type of food. The shape of food, a design of the truck and service are the following features of the attributes importance. Second, in the entire of market analysis, packaging was the most important factor next to the price and the food shape. Third, according to gender analysis, male and female prefer Korean style with price range of 5,000~7,000 won. Men prefer take - out menu such as plastic packaging and traditional truck design. Also, the study showed that women prefer having a meal at restaurant, paper packaging style and modern design. Fourth, according to the age analysis results, all of ages group prefer the price range of 5,000~7,000 won except for people who are 60s and beyond. Also, in the food type, people prefer Western style in their 20s, Japanese style in their 30s and Korean style in their 40s, 50s, 60s. Fifth, according to income analysis, Western menus with income of 4,000,000~5,000,000won are preferred a price range of 7,000~10,000won and Japanese menus with income more than 5,000,000won are preferred a price range of 7,000~10,000won.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.387-395
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• 1999

This observation was aimed to evaluate the clinical manifestations and clinical incidence of $Beh{\varsigma}et's$ Disease. It was records of patients seen in the period between January 1992 and December 1998 at the Department of Dermatology, Oriental Medical Hospital, Kyung Hee University. $Beh{\varsigma}et's$ Disease is a chronic, systemic disease which manifests itself as recurrent, multiple lesions in many organs, including the skin. The clinical features of $Beh{\varsigma}et's$ Disease are important as there is no reliable method of laboratory diagnosis. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The total number of patients were 34, including $42\%$ male and $52\%# female. 2. The pick incidence of age group was 30 to 39($44\%$). 3. The most frequent duration was from 2 years to 5 years($41\%$). 4. According to Diagnostic Criteria of the $Beh{\varsigma}et's$ Disease Research committee of Japan, there were $41\%\;of\;Incomplete\;type,\;29\%\;of\;Suspected,\;24\%\;of\;Complete,\;6\%$ of Passible. 5. The most common major symtom is a oral u1cer($91\%$), and there were erythema nodosum like lesion($79\%$), genital ulcer($56\%$), problem of the eyes($38\%$). 6. The most common minor symtom was arthritis($32\%$). 7. The first main symtom were oral ulcer($50\%$), erythema nodosum like lesion($26\%$), problem of the eyes($18\%$). 8. There were 2 cases of Intestinal $Beh{\varsigma}et's$ Disease and 5 cases of uveitis. 9. The most frequently treated prescription was Eunhwasagantang which occupied 79 of all, Gamisopunghwalhultang($44\%$) a.nd Gamipadoksan($41\%$), Gamiguakjungsan($24\%$) in that order of frequency.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.91-101
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to propose an optimal layout for the accelerator and brake pedals in sedan and SUV, and also to compare the pendant-type pedal with organ-type pedal. 12 male subjects participated in the experiment, the subjects were divided into 3 groups according to height percentile(under 50%ile, 50%ile to 75%ile, over 75%ile). Independent variables were seat height (H₃₀), X and Y coordinates of the center of accelerator and brake pedals and the x and y relative distance between two pedals. Dependent variable was subjective ratings for lower body discomfort. The response surface methodology using a central composite design was employed to develop a prediction model for lower body discomfort of each pedal. It is noticeable that the lateral position of the accelerator in all groups was not statistically significant. The optimal locations of both pedals were found to be distinct according to the percentile of subjects. X distance from accelerator to brake of both-type pedals is similar. But Y distance from accelerator to brake of organ-type is less about 2-3cm than that of pedant-type.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.50-57
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• 1993

This study characterized the effect of liver injury produced by hepatotoxicants on the biliary and urinary excretion of acetaminophen(AA) metabolites. Liver damage was produced in male S.-D. rats, 24 hr after dosing with carbon tetrachloride(4CCl_4,$ 0.75 mι/kg, ip) or thioacetamide(TA, 200 mg/kg, ip), or 16 hr after administration of cadmium chloride(4CdCl_2,$ 3.9 mg/kg, iv). Liver damage without renal injury was confirmed by measuring serum enzymes, creatinine and BUN levels as well as by histopathological examination. AA and its metabolites were measured for 3 hr by HPLC in rats injected iv with 1 mmo1/kg of AA. The excreted amounts of AA-glucuronide into bile were reduced to 60~70% of control rats by hepatotoxicants, but did not change urinary excretion of AA-glucuronide and AA-sulfate. Treatments with $CCl_4,\; CdCl_2$ and TA decreased the total (biliary plus urinary) excretion of thioethers of AA(30~50% of control), suggesting that these toxicants decrease cytochrome P-450-mediated toxification of AA. However, treatments of $CdCl_2$and TA markedly enhanced the excretion of AA-mercapturate into urine. Thus, 4CdCl_2$ and TA not only influence the formation of AA-glutathione, but may also alter the excretory routes (i.e. bile and urine) for the elimination of AA-metabolite.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.696-706
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to clarify the palatal forms through palatal curvatures of right to left, anterior to posterior direction, and difference of right and left palatal volumes in the primary and permanent dentition. Samples were consisted of normal occlusion of both dentition(50 males and 50 females each). Their upper plaster casts were used, measuring points were decided, through 3-dimensional laser scanning(3-D Laser Scanner, DS4060, LDI, U.S.A.), and fitting standard horizontal plane were made for measuring the height and sectioned volumes of palate. The results were as follows: 1. Palatal volume and height were greater at the right side of the palate in the primary and permanent dentition of male and female, but there was no significance. 2. Palatal height was greater in male compared to female, especially, there was significant difference at intercuspid, inter-second premolar area in the permanent dentition(P<0.05). 3. To the height of A-P direction of mid-palatal area, the highest point was 20mm in the primary dentition, 30mm in the permanent dentition from interdental papilla of central incisors. 4. Palatal height of inter-cuspid and inter-second premolar became shallow and broad, high and broad each, compared to inter-deciduous canine and inter-second deciduous molar.

• Korean journal of aerospace and environmental medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.75-79
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• 2020

This study focuses on the comparative and quantitative analysis of the epidemiologic trends and aspects of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) outbreaks between Korea and Japan from 2013 to 2017. The following factors were analyzed; cumulative incidence rate (CIR), cases-fatality rate (CFR), and the epidemic aspects, including cases related to gender, male-to-female morbidity ratio (MFMR), age, seasonal, and geographical distributions. We observed 607 SFTS cases with CIR in Korea during the period 2013 to 2017 were as 0.24 per 100,000 populations and with a 127 fatal-cases (F.C.s), corresponding to a CFR of 20.9%, respectively. During the same period in Japan, 319 SFTS cases with a CIR of 0.05 and with 60 F.C.s to a CFR of 18.8% observed. When compared, the CIR of SFTS in Korea was significantly higher than in Japan (P<0.01), but there were no significant differences levels of the CFR and MFMR between Korea and Japan. Also, a higher incidence of SFTS was observed in people aged over 50-years or elders in Korea and those of 60-years or elders in Japan (P<0.01). The seasonal distribution of SFTS outbreak cases showed that the incidence in summer through autumn in Korea (92.4% of total cases) was higher than in Japan (65.2%), while the outbreaks of SFTS in spring was much higher in Japan (31.0%) than in Korea (7.4%), (P<0.01). The regional distribution revealed no significant difference between the eastern area (44.8%) and the western area (46.8%) of the Korean peninsula except Jeju-island (8.4%). However, in Japan, the incidence only occurred in Chubu-Kinki-Chugoku (30.3%), Shikoku (25.7%), Kyushu (42.6%) and Okinawa (0.3%), which are the western and southern areas of Japan. These differences in SFTS occurrence may reflect the influences of vector/hosts, climate, and geographical and cultural characteristics between the two countries.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.692-699
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• 1985

Fifty cases of Open Heart Surgery due to congenital and acquired heart disease were done using the cardiopulmonary bypass in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery, Chosun University Hospital from November, 1980 to June, 1985. 1. The age of the congenital heart disease was from 7 to 29 years, the mean age was 14.5 years. In the acquired heart disease, the age was from 14 to 48 years, and the mean age was 22.3 years. The ratio of male to female was about 1.8:1. 2. The number of congenital cyanotic heart disease were 7 patients, congenital acyanotic heart disease were 17 patients and acquired valvular heart disease were 26 patients. All of the acquired heart disease was one or more valve disease. 3. Preoperative symptoms of the congenital heart disease were exertional dyspnea [cyanotic 100%, acyanotic 70.6%] and palpitation [cyanotic 28.6%, acyanotic 76.1%], and the acquired heart diseases were exertional dyspnea [92.3%], palpitation [34.1 %], and chest discomfort [30.8%]. 4. The method of the myocardial protection during the cardiopulmonary bypass were mild or moderate hypothermia, intermittent coronary perfusion of the cardioplegic solution, topical myocardial hypothermia with 4oC Hartmann`s solution. 5. In the cases of the valve replacement, postoperative oral anticoagulant therapy was started at oral intake of food using the warfarin and persantin, and the prothrombin time was maintained 30-50% of control value during 3-6 months for tissue valve replacement and permanently for metal valve replacement. 6. The postoperative complications were appeared in 24 cases and the complications were wound infection, occipital alopecia, hemorrhage etc. 7. The mortality after open heart surgery was 8 percents and the cause of death was low cardiac output syndrome, right heart failure, DIC, and Left ventricle rupture.