• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1481-1497
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between serum lipid profiles, apolipoprotein E phenotype, and dietary patterns in a cross-section of healthy individuals from Cheju-Do. Age, gender, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, dietary consumption, drinking / smoking habits and menopausal status were surveyed. Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, and insulin levels were measured from overnight fasting blood. The study involved a total of 286 individuals(147 men and 139 women) between the ages of 20 and 60 years old. All of the subjects were recruited from a population of healthy individuals living in Cheju-Do. The results of the study are as follows : 1) Among the males, those in their 20's had the maximum food intake, while those in their 40's had the minimum food intake. For the females, food intake was the highest for those in their 30's. Energy and nutrient intakes were directly proportional to the amount of food intake. Men in their 30's were heavier than other men and women in their 40's were heavier than other women. The activity index for men in their 20's and 30's appeared to be lower than that of men above 40. The activity index of women in their 20's appeared to be lowest among all aged groups, and the index appeared to increase from the age of 30 onwards. 2) In terms of changes In serum constituents with age, men in their 40's appeared to have the highest levels of serum constituents such as lipids, glucose, and insulin. Men in their 50's showed the highest levels of serum LDL-cholesterol and glucose. Men in their 30's showed peak levels of serum triglycerides. On the other hand, women in their 50's appeared to have peak levels of serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides. There was no ch:ange with age in HDL-cholesterol and insulin levels for men and women. The percentage of the subjects had the following apo E phenotypes : E3/3, 91.3% ; E3/2, 5.4% ; E4/3, 2.5% ; E4/2, 0.7%. Lee's reserch with Korean female college students showed that the percentage of ApoE3/3, E3/2, E 4/2, E4/3, and E4/4 were 84.8%, 6.7%, 6.7%, 0.9%, 0.9%, respectively. The number of samples with ApoE mutation was so small that there was no statistical significance in the relation between apolipoprotein E phenotype and se겨m lipids. 3) To investigate the relati onship between weight and serum constituents, the subjects of this study were divided into three groups by BMI underweight, normal weight, and overweight. The serum constituents of men and women below the age 40 in the overweight groups belonged to the normal domain. On the other hand, serum cholesterol levels of both men and women above the age 40 in the overweight groups remained in the borderline-high region(above 200mg/dl), and the mean value of LDL-cholesterol(above 130mg/dl) and triglycerides of men were above normal. Fasting blood glucose levels also remained in the borderline-high region. Total cholesterol levels of women above the age 40 in the overweight group was in the borderline-high region. (Korean J Nutrition 31(9) : 1481-1497, 1998)

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제6권S1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 1997

Metastable pseudomorphic GeSi layers grown by vapor phase epitaxy on Si(100) substrates were implanted at room temperature. The implantations were performed with 90 KeV As ions to a dose of $1\times 10^{13}\;\textrm{cm}^2$ for $Ge_{0.08}Si_{0.92}$ layers and 709 keV $BF_2^+$ ions to a dose of $3\times 10^{13}\;\textrm{cm}^2$ for $Ge_{0.06}Si_{0.94}$layers. The samples were subsequently annealed for short 10-40 s durations in a lamp furnace with a nitrogen ambient or for a long 30 min period in a vacuum tube furnace. For $Ge_{0.08}Si_{0.92}$samples annealed for a 30 min-longt duration at $700^{\circ}C$ the dopant activation can only reach 50% without introducing significant strain relaxaion whereas samples annealed for short 40s periods (at $850^{\circ}C$) can achieve more than 90% activation without a loss of strain, For $Ge_{0.06}Si_{0.94}$samples annealed for either 40s or 30min at $800^{\circ}C$ full electrical activation of the boron is exhibited in the GeSi epilayer without losing their strain. However when annealed at $900^{\circ}C$ the strain in both implanted and unimplanted layers is partly relaxed after 30min whereas it is not visibly relaxed after 40s.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2008

한국 남성의 연령 증가에 따른 혈중 luteinizing hormone(LH), testosterone(T), 그리고 타액 T 수준 변화를 조사하였다. 혈중LH 수준은 40대까지 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았으나(20s, $2.5{\sim}1.0$; 30s, $2.7{\sim}1.5$; and 40s, $2.5{\sim}1.8\;mIU/mL$), 50대 이상에서 유의하게 증가하였다(50s, $3.7{\sim}1.8$ and 60s, $3.1{\sim}1.7\;mIU/mL$). 또한, 혈중 T 수준도 40대까지는 변화하지 않았으나(20s, $5.3{\sim}2.6$, 30s, $4.4{\sim}1.4$, 40s, $4.1{\sim}1.5$ ng/mL), 50대 이후 유의하게 감소하였다(50s, $3.4{\sim}1.5$; 60s, $2.6{\sim}0.8\;ng/mL$). 타액 T 수준 또한 40대까지 약간의 변화가 나타났으나($20s{\sim}40s$, $0.11{\pm}0.015\;ng/mL$), 50대에 유의하게 감소하였다($0.08{\sim}0.03\;ng/mL$). 타액 T 대 혈중 T의 상대적인 비율은 모든 연령대에서 유의한 변화가 없었다($2.4{\sim}0.9%$). 직선회귀 분석(Linear regression analysis)에서 혈중 LH 수준은 매년 1.5%씩 증가하고 혈중 T와 타액 T 수준은 각각 매년 1%와 0.8%씩 감소하는 것으로 예측되었다. 혈중 T/LH 비율은 40대까지 유의한 변화가 없었으나($20s{\sim}40s$; $2.27{\pm}0.14$) 50대에 유의하게 감소하였다($1.2{\sim}1.0$). 연령과 관련된 타액 T/LH 비율은 혈중 T/LH 비율과 대단히 유사하였다. 본 연구 결과에서 혈중 LH와 T, 그리고 타액 T 수준이 한국인 남성에서 40대까지는 유의하게 변화하지 않았고, 50대부터는 LH 수준이 증가하고 T 수준이 감소하였다. 이 결과는 50대경 노화과정에 의해 일어나는 원발성 정소부전(primary testicular failure)이 원인인 것으로 보인다. 또한, 본 연구결과는 비록 타액 T 수준이 혈중 총 T 수준과 약한 상관관계(r=0.53)를 갖지만, 혈중 free T 수준을 나타내는 것으로 보인다. 그러므로, 타액 T 수준에 대한 정보는 연령과 관련해서 나타나는 남성 정소생리를 연구하는데 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 복식
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• 제35권
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• pp.181-193
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• 1997

The objectives of this study were to classify bedclothes purchase motives and to examine how bedclothes purchase mo-tives and design preferences very accord-ing to age and income. Samples were 217 housewives residing in metropolitan area. Questionnaire included 17 Likert type items of bedclothes pur-chase motive measure 12 items of color preference 7 items of pattern (floral geo-metric abstract stripe plaid polka dot, and paisley pattern). The results of the study were as fol-lows. 1. 5 factors of bedclothes purchase mo-tives were derived by factor analysis ; F .1 'design': F 2. "brand' ; F.3. 'deficiency'; F. 4. 'fabric' F.5. 'economical reason' 2. Subjects perceived design and utility area to be important motives for bed-clothes purchase. 3. Cholor preference of bedclothes was in the order of white pale blue pale green and pale orange. Pattern preference was in the order of stripe plaid solid color floral and polka dot pattern. The combi-nation of patterned fabric and solid color fabric was liked better than the combina-tion of analogic color and the combination of contrasting color. 4. The women in their 20's liked navy blue red stripe plaid pattern and solied color better than 30's and 40's . 40's liked abstract and paisley pattern better then 20's and 30's 5. Low income group lied navy blue and solid color fabric more than the mid-dle and high income group and liked ab-stract pattern less than the middle and high income group. 6. Women in their 20's perceived design to be important motive more than 30's and 40's. 30's perceived brand to be im-portant motive than 20's and 40's 7. High income group perceived design to be important motive more than the middle and low income group. Low in-come group perceived brand and fabric to be less important motives than the middle and high income group, The present findings provide that age and income had a significant effect on bedclothes purchase motives and design preferences of houesewives. The results that white color and the combination of patterned fabric and solid color fabric were liked best indicated that women prefered clean image and chacteristics de-sign of bdeclothes.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.1001-1008
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• 2005

본 연구는 젖소에서 곡류의 가공형태 및 RUP수준이 효과를 구명하기 위하여 분만 전 3주부터 분만 후 3주까지 전환기 Holstein종 경산우 20두(4처리 5반복)에게 TMR 사료를 GCR30 (파쇄옥수수+RUP 30%), GCR40 (파쇄옥수수+RUP40%), FCR30 (후레이크옥수수+RUP 30%), FCR40 (후레이크옥수수+RUP 40%)로 하여, 건유기와 비유기로 구분하여 배합하여 급여하였다. 본 연구로부터 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 분만전 사료의 건물 섭취량은 처리별로 평균 14～15kg이었으며, 건유기간 중 사료섭취량에는 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 분만 후 건물섭취량에서는 RUP 40%에서 섭취량이 RUP30%보다 높게 나타났다 (P＜0.05). 유량은 RUP 40 % 사료를 급여한 구 (FCR40과 GCR40)에서 유의하게 높은 결과를 보여주었다. 유단백질과 유지방을 분석한 결과, 유지방에 있어서는 옥수수 가공 형태인 후레이크와 파쇄처리에 따른 유의있는 결과를 보여주지는 않았다. 혈액 내 대사물질은 분만 전에 비하여 분만 당일의 수치가 모든 처리에서 상승하는 것을 볼 수 있었으며, 분만전ㆍ후의 NEFA의 농도를 보면 모든 처리구에서 분만을 기점으로 상승하였으며, 특히 분만 후에 유량이 높았던 FCR40에서 NEFA 수준이 전반적으로 높은 경향을 보였다 (p<0.05). Glucose와 cortisol 수준은 포도당 농도에서 FCR40구의 건유기가 다른 구보다 유의하게 높았으나 타 처리구간에서는 유의차가 인정되지 않았다. Insulin 농도에 있어서도 분만 전에 처리 간에 유의한 차이가 없으나, 분만 후에는 타처리와 비교하여 FCR40 처리에서 유의하게 높은 농도를 보여 주었다 (p<0.05). 이 시험에서는 옥수수의 가공형태보다는 동량의 단백질에 RUP 함량을 30 %에서 40 %로 증가시킴으로서 에너지, 단백질 이용 효율을 높여 젖소의 생산성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.28-41
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• 1986

In the history of costume, coat can be traced up to ancient Persia but it was generalized as today's style around 14th an d15th century in Euro[pe. World wars, revolutions and rapid social changes of the last 80 years have produced more changes in the way people dress than any comparable period in history. Thewse changes enabled emergence of more modernized woman's garments and through it, dress and coat ensemble became public's main fashion. In 1920's after world war I, boyish style in woman's garment was in vogue. Woman's coat was also in the same style with length sortened up to the knee level and silhoutte was straighter and semi-fitted than previous period. Length of the coat was longer in late 1930's but shortened again in 1940's. And the most popular silhouette of both 30's and 40's was shape of the hourglass which was commonly called the "X-shape". Also double=breasted coat with fitted waistline, belt and flare skirt was in vogue. In 1950's and 60's, with the variety of lines in woman's garments, silhouette of the coat also appeared in many different forms. Along with the various shapes, color of the coat changed throughout the decades : dark colors in 20's, bright colors in 30's, mixed colors of 20's and 30's in 40's and in 50's, color had changed to archromatic. In fabric, wool was most popular in all periods. However, such gabrics as tweed, cotton, gaberdine, linen were added to give variety. It is very interesting to see collars trimmed with expensive furs were very popular in 20's and 30's but it almost disappeared in 40's and fur trimming reappeared in late 50's. In addtion to silhouette changes in design, details such as buttons, epaulettes, pockets and fur trimming of hemline were emphasizing points of varieties in design. This study has set time limits world war I which was the period coat became major fashion of woman's clothing, to 1960's.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.938-948
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• 2009

본 연구는 2003년에서 2004년에 실시된 제 5차 한국인 인체치수 조사사업을 통해 확보된 측정사진 중 성인여성 20, 30, 40, 50대 각 150명, 총 600명의 정면과 측면 얼굴사진을 대상으로 얼굴의 연령별 특성을 파악하는데 필요하다고 판단되는 62개의 측정항목과 보다 세부적인 얼굴형태의 분석에 활용될 수 있는 21개의 지수 및 계산항목 총 83개 항목을 본 연구자가 선정한 후 Size Kroea 사업 중 얼굴의 측정 프로그램으로 사용되었던 "Venus face2D"를 이용하여 2차원 간접 측정하였다. 간접 측정기간은 2006년 3월 1일부터 6월 30일까지였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 성인여성의 주요 측정항목에 대한 평균 측정치는 얼굴길이 196mm, 상안 62.3mm, 중안 68.9mm, 하안 66.5mm이었고, 이마너비는 125.1mm, 눈살수평너비는 141.2mm, 옆광대점너비 150.8mm 턱아래점너비 124.4mm였다. 이를 바탕으로 우리나라 성인여성 얼굴의 세부항목에 대한 연령집단별 차이를 분석하였으며, 전체 성인여성의 평균 얼굴형과 더불어 각 연령집단별 평균 얼굴형을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 정량화된 수치와 비율을 이용하여 우리나라 성인여성 및 각 연령별 평균 얼굴형을 제시하고, 연령별 얼굴특성을 분석하였다는데 연구의 의의가 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.309-318
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• 2016

본 연구는 30, 40대 남성 근로자의 심뇌혈관질환 인식, 태도, 건강행위실천 간의 관계를 알아보고, 건강행위실천에 미치는 영향요인을 파악하여 30, 40대 남성 근로자의 건강행위실천을 증진키기 위한 기초 자료를 제공하기 위하여 시도되었다. 연구대상자는 G도 J, S시에 소재한 회사에 근무하는 30, 40대 남성 근로자를 대상으로 하였으며, 자료 수집은 심뇌혈관질환 인식, 태도, 건강행위실천 도구를 통하여 설문 조사하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS Win 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였으며 연구결과 대상자의 심뇌혈관질환 인식, 태도는 건강행위실천과 양의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대상자의 건강행위실천에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 심혈관질환 인식, 뇌혈관질환 인식, 근무부서, 결혼상태 순이었으며, 전체 설명력은 14.8%이었다. 본 연구를 바탕으로 심뇌혈관질환 예방을 위한 건강행위실천의 교육적 시사점과 후속연구에 대한 제언을 하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.1134-1149
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• 2016

This study identified domestic and foreign golf clothing norms and extended recognition and attitude on golf clothing norms expressed in a golf wear style for golfer groups in their 20s-30s. Domestic golf clothing norms were derived from a theoretical research and case study; subsequently, golfers in their 20s-30s were classified into 4 groups. In-depth interviews were conducted using a serious leisure concept to analyze attitudes and stylistic expressions. Domestic golf clothing norms derived from stipulated and implicit norms varied as a type and situation of a golf course, gender of the golfer, and domestic golfers in their 20s-30s perceived such a point. For golfers in their 20s-30s, attitudes on golf clothing norms and their stylistic expressions showed differences according to gender and leisure type. As for gender characteristics, female golfers focused on 'look prettier' in stylistic expressions through experiences with a double-standard clothing norm; however, male golfers showed strict application and observance of a clothing norm in stylistic expressions compared to female golfers. However, male golfer groups in their 20s-30s as 'casual leisure participants' and those as 'serious leisure participants' showed differences becuase the former showed a tendency to observe clothing norms from other viewpoints and evaluations and the latter showed off their abilities and careers as a means of distinction. As for characteristic of stylistic expressions according to a leisure type, golfers in their 20s-30s showed distinction as serious leisure participants through forming new and independent clothing norms. Research findings are expected to provide an opportunity to reconsidering the influence of clothing norms in young people who have a strong tendency to express clothing style as a means to pursue individuality and taste.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.184-193
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• 2016

This study investigates the recognition and preference of functional textile material about outdoor clothing widely used in the current fashion market. The study targeted 216 males and females in their 20s to 50s who wear outdoor clothing as casual wear. To analyze data, frequency analysis, cross tabulation analysis and ANOVA were conducted with the SPSS 21.0 statistical package. The results are as follows. First, recognition of functional textile material of outdoor clothing showed that 20s was the lowest preference and all age groups preferred lightweight textile material. In information recognition of functional outdoor clothing, 40s showed the highest recognition, while 20s showed the lowest recognition. Second, 40s and 50s preferred functional material to 20s and 30s. In particular, 40s and 50s preferred clothing items with water vapor permeability & water repellent material to 20s and 30s. All age groups preferred insulation material jumpers, water vapor permeability & water repellent material jumpers and stretch pants. Third, reasons for purchasing functional material clothing was: design for the age group 20s and 30s versus health and function for the age group 40s and 50s. It is necessary to develop functional clothing products based on exact consumer information and preferences.