• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.195-202
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• 2004

After the 1990's, Guss asphalt has chosen in Korea for using in pavement of a steel deck bridge because of it's distinguish ability about water proof and so on. But on the other hand it may cause server stress and displacement on the bridge as it is treated using very high temperature ranging from 220℃ to 260℃. Therefore it is critical to estimate the thermal effect of Guss asphalt on the steel deck bridge before the width and pattern of the unit portion are decided to minimize impact. In this study, a serious of numerical tests of the some steel box bridges were idealized were conducted to verify the feasibility of numerical value analysis. The parametric study was performed to present design proposal about the Box section dimensions and the diaphragm spacing.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.321-329
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• 2021

Purpose: The abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) is an exercise that selectively strengthens deep abdominal muscles. It is reported to be effective in strengthening those muscles when using a pressure biofeedback unit. However, multiple factors of bridge exercise seem to bring exercise result of ADIM without stabilizer as they influence execution of ADIM. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare changes in the thickness of deep abdominal muscles through the ADIM exercise incorporating either a stabilizer or the bridge exercise. Methods: Thirty healthy adults who had voluntarily given their consent were selected as the subjects. A diagnostic sonograph was used to measure the thickness of the subjects' transverse abdominis, internal oblique, and external oblique muscles. First, the thickness of the subjects' deep abdominal muscle was measured while maintaining the ADIM using the stabilizer. After three minutes of rest, the thickness was measured again while the subjects maintained the ADIM with the bridge exercise. Results: In both exercises, the thickness of the transverse abdominis showed a statistically significant increase, with a more significant increase while executing the ADIM using the bridge exercise. In both exercises, the thickness of the internal oblique showed a statistically significant increase, with a more significant increase while executing the ADIM using the bridge exercise. The thickness of the external oblique showed a statistically significant increase only in the ADIM using the bridge exercise. Conclusion: Though strengthening is not as selective as the ADIM using a stabilizer, the ADIM using the bridge exercise has a more increased thickness of the transverse abdominis and the internal oblique than that of the internal oblique. Based on the outcome of this study, the ADIM using the bridge exercise without a stabilizer can selectively strengthen deep abdominal muscles even more.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.57-66
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• 2005

This paper is to present the determination of the optimal loss rate parameters and unit hydrographs from the observed single rainfall-runoff event using optimization model. The linear program models has been formulated to derive the optimal unit hydrographs and loss rate parameters for the site of the Su-Jik Bridge in the HwangGuJichen River; one minimizes the summation of the absolute residual between predicted and observed runoff ordinates. In the perturbation stage of parameters the trial and error method has been adopted to determine the loss rate parameters for Kostiakov's, Philip's, Horton's, and Green-Ampt's equation. The unique unit hydrograph ordinates for a given rainfall-runoff event is exclusively obtained with ${\Phi}$ index, but unit hydrograph ordinates depend upon the parameters for each loss rate equations. In this paper the single rainfall-runoff event observed from the sample watershed is considered to test the proposed method. The optimal unit hydrograph obtained by the optimization model has smaller deviations than the ones by the conventional method.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.25 no.6 s.217
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• pp.578-587
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• 1987

The purpose of this was to examine the distribution and the bond failure of the acidetched ceramometal retainer (Maryland Bridge). 126 subjects who treated by faculty and residents of Department of Prosthodontics, Seoul National University Hospital from Dec. 1982 to Dec. 1986 were selected for this study. From the foregoing study author obtained the following conclusions. 1. A total of 135 restorations were placed in the mouths of patients ranging in age from 11 to 70 years (Man 62, woman 64) 2. Most restorations were applied to replace anterior teeth. 3. It was found that of the total number of bridges constructed 59.3 percent were the three-unit type. 4. Replacing one tooth missing was the most frequent cases(74.1 percent). 5. Of the total number of cases, 10.4percent showed bond failure. 6. The bond failure, author suggest, be due to one or more of mis-fit of framework, occlusion, material in itself, faulty case selection and lack of technique.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 1986

The purpose of this study was to examine the distribution and the bond failure of the acid-etched ceramometal retainer (Maryland Bridge). 126 subjects who treated by faculty and residents of Department of Prosthodontics, Seoul National University Hospital from Dec. 1982 to Dec. 1986 were selected for this study. From the foregoing study author obtained the following conclusions. 1. A total of 135 restorations were placed in the mouths of patients ranging in age from 11 to 10 years (man 62, woman 64). 2. Most restorations were applied to replace anterior teeth. 3. It was found that of the total number of bridges constructed 59.3 percent were the three-unit type. 4. Replacing one tooth mining was the most frequent cases (74.1 percent). 5. Of the total number of cases, 10.4 percent stowed bond failure. 6. The bond failure, author suggest, be due to one or more of mis-fit of framework, occlusion, material in itself, faulty case selection and lack of technique.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.41-56
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• 2016

In recent localized heavy rainfalls have been arising from abnormal climate change. People are concerning about damages with increasing the frequency of flooding. Therefore, we need to understand river hydraulic characteristics and management to reduce damage from flooding. To study hydraulic characterization of Sincheon experimental catchment HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System) model which provided by U.S Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) was applied. This study analyzed and compared water level the frequency flood for 100 years and 200 years by clark unit Hydrography. The change of the water level of Daejeon bridge, Sincheon bridge and Singi bridge showed increased for all conditions. The flow rate for the Daejeon bridge and the Sincheon bridge showed an increase, but the Sinki bridge showed a decreasing flow rate overally, except for 1hour-100 years. The verification result showed that the model was able to simulate the water level with 0.4709 coefficient of determination and error ration ranging from 1 to 3%.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.335-344
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• 2011

In this paper, the results of computational analysis for the stability and F.S.(Factor of Safety) of Bailey Panel Bridge have been presented by FEM(Finite Element Method). The computational analysis was conducted by using LUSAS V14.0 that is a program applicated in the field of Civil Engineering. 6-free beam elements and 3-free truss elements were considered and F.S. against Yield Stress of main sections(considered self-weight and Live-Load) was investigated through the linear-elastic analysis method. The results showed that currently used sections of bailey bridge satisfied for the standard F.S. unit and could be operated in drill of troops and battle fields.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.82-90
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• 2000

In esthetic dentistry, color and strength are basic requirements for the long-term success of the restorative materials. Several all ceramic systems have been introduced to esthetic dentistry recently. However, the inherent natures of ceramic material, the application of all ceramic system is mainly limited to single tooth restorations. With the improvement of material science, the alumina and zirconia/alumina composite power and block can be applied to fabrication of all ceramic bridges. The conventional inceram core fabrication takes time for sintering however, the shaping of block with a copy milling machine can reduce great amount of time. The block is easy to manipulate and prepare in any shape accurately. This clinical report demonstrates the application of all ceramic ante rior 3 unit bridge with a alumina block in CELAY system.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.17 no.3_4
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• pp.393-408
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• 2004

There exists a clear need to monitor the performance of civil structures over their operational lives. Current commercial monitoring systems suffer from various technological and economic limitations that prevent their widespread adoption. The wires used to route measurements from system sensors to the centralized data server represent one of the greatest limitations since they are physically vulnerable and expensive from an installation and maintenance standpoint. In lieu of cables, the introduction of low-cost wireless communications is proposed. The result is the design of a prototype wireless sensing unit that can serve as the fundamental building block of wireless modular monitoring systems (WiMMS). An additional feature of the wireless sensing unit is the incorporation of computational power in the form of state-of-art microcontrollers. The prototype unit is validated with a series of laboratory and field tests. The Alamosa Canyon Bridge is employed to serve as a full-scale benchmark structure to validate the performance of the wireless sensing unit in the field. A traditional cable-based monitoring system is installed in parallel with the wireless sensing units for performance comparison.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.799-806
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• 2007

One method for improving the torque capacity of the CVT is to use a split-powered CVT(SPCVT) to reduce the power transmitted into a continuously variable unit(CVU). A variable bridge SPCVT with two planetary gear units(PGUs), which are composed of a sun gear, a ring gear, and carrier and planetary gears, can minimize the power to the CVU. However, a SPCVT with a conventional CVT should possess a dual mode, which would allow the conventional CVT to be used at high speeds and an additional gear train to be used at low speeds. The inner-spherical CVU(ISCVU) with an inner and outer spherical contact mechanism developed in this study can cover the range from low to high speeds. The rated power and the overall speed ratios were 100 kW and $0.09{\sim}0.36$, respectively. Power efficiency was numerically calculated to be over 90% over the speed ratio range of $0.1{\sim}0.29$. The maximum shear stress at the two contact areas of the rotor pairs, the minimum life and the overall size were estimated to be 700 MPa, 276 kh and $350{\times}350{\times}400mm^3$, respectively. This study shows that an ISCVU and a variable bridge type PGU can realize the SPCVT with a single mode for a vehicle.