• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.314-319
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• 2000

Back-face strain compliance (BFS compliance) for the four-point bend specimen has been calibrated for various crack length ratios. Finite element technique was employed to simulate four-point loading and calculate back-face strain of the bend specimen. The numerically determined strain variation along the back face indicates that the sensitivity to gage placement increases with crack length and back-face strain at the gage length less than O.2W, where W is the width of the bend specimen, can be measured within 5% deviation of the maximum BFS. Non-dimensional back-face strain compliance, -E'BCW, was calibrated with FE analysis and experiment. The experimentally determined compliance indicates good agreement with the numerical compliance and can be expressed as a function of crack length ratio.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.337-343
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• 2006

Numerical calculations are made in order to find a possible correlation between the J-integral and the crack mouth opening displacement(CMOD) in dynamic nonlinear fracture experiments of 3-point bend(3PB) specimens. Both elastic-plastic and elastic-viscoplastic materials are considered at different impact velocities. The J-integral may be estimated from the crack mouth opening displacement which can be measured directly from photographs taken during dynamic experiments.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.542-546
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• 2005

연성 크랙의 발생 평가를 위한 J-적분이 충격 하중을 받는 탄소성 3점 굽힘 시험편들에 대하여 연구한다. J-적분을 측정하고 평가하는 실험적인 방법이 연구되었으며 이 결과가 유한 요소법을 이용한 탄소성 이론 해석을 한 값들과 비교하여 거의 일치함을 보였다. 이론적인 수치 해석으로서도 본 연구의 유한 요소 모델로서 J-적분값을 계산할 수 있으며 삼점 굽힘 시험편의 동적 비선형 파괴 실험에 있어서 크랙 입구 개구 변위 (CMOD)에 의하여 J-적분값의 단순 계산이 가능함을 입증하였다. 탄소성 재료의 특성이 여러 가지의 충격 속도들에서 고려된다. J-적분은 충격 실험 동안 얻어진 사진들로부터 직접적으로 측정된 크랙 입구 개구 변위로부터 예측될 수 있다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.911-920
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• 1989

본 연구에서는 층간균열면에서의 보 두께비를 달리함에 따라 다양한 혼합 모우드 층간파괴인성을 평가할 수 있는 Fig.1과 같은 층간균열 시편에 대해 3점 굽힘하중 하중이 작용될 때의 전체어너지방출률을 전단변형을 고려한 보이론에 의해 유도하고 이를 층간균열면에서의 보 두께비에 따라 모우드I 성분과 모우드II 성분의 분리된 형태로 나타내었다. 또 한 여러가지 시편두께에 대해 전체에너지방출률을 구해 전단변형에 의한 에너지방출률이 전체에너지방출률에 미치는 영향도 조사하였다. 그리고 층간 균열면에서의 보 두께비가 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 그리고 0.9인 경우의 층간균열시편에 대해 실험적으로 혼합모우드 층간 파괴인성을 평가하고 혼합 모우드 변형을 받을 때의 층간파괴 거동도 조사하였다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2008

The use of titanium in the field of dentistry has increased, due to their excellent biocompatibility, appropriate mechanical properties, corrosion-resistance and low price. However, many difficulties with the use of titanium for metal-ceramic crowns remain to be solved. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of surface modifications on the bonding characteristics of specific titanium porcelain bonded to cast titanium. The surfaces of Titanium were prepared with 4 test groups, i) sandblasted with particles of different size, ii) sandblasted after treated oxidization and oxidized after sandblast. We observed the bond strength and node aspect of titanium and ceramic, and respect to the methods of modifying surface of titanium by the test of mean roughness of surface, Scanning Electron Microscope, and 3-point flexural bend test. The results show that, 1. The specimens, which treated oxidization after process of sandblast with particles of 50um size, were the better for the bond strength in comparison with other specimen. 2. The specimen with process of sandblasting after oxidization treatment were the better for stability of the bond strength. 3. The wettability of titanium surface affect the bond strength.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.84-93
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• 2000

Computer simulations of the mechanical behavior of 3 point bend specimens with a quarter notch under impact load are performed. This validity is found to be identified by the experimental proof. The cases with various loading rates applied at the side of the specimen are considered. An elastoplastic von Mises material model is chosen. Gap opening displacement, reaction force, crack tip opening displacement and strain rate are also compared with rate dependent material(visco-plastic material). The stability during various dynamic load can be seen by using the simulation of this study. These differences of the cases with various loading rates are also investigated.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2008

The force transducer in the acceleration plant due to dynamic fracture is calibrated by dynamically using the stress pulses from a longitudinal bar. The bar is supported by two strings attached to the ceiling. The bar velocities before and after impact are measured and a full bridge at bar and transducer is formed by the four strain gauges. A transient recorder is used to store the stress pulse signals of force transducer and bar. For the first test series, three point bend test specimens can be chosen by means of test rig design and the inspection as sample experiment in this presented paper is sufficient for proving with the numerical simulation of the specimen model.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.823-833
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• 2012

An experimental method was suggested for obtaining fracture toughness ($K_{Ic}$) and the tensile strength (${\sigma}_t$) of chopped strand glass fiber reinforced polymer concretes (PC). Semi-circular bend (SCB) specimens subjected to three-point bending were used for conducting the experiments on the PC material. While the edge cracked SCB specimen could be used to evaluate fracture toughness, the tensile strength was obtained from the un-cracked SCB specimen. The experiments showed the practical applicability of both cracked and un-cracked SCB specimens for using as suitable techniques for measuring $K_{Ic}$ and ${\sigma}_t$ in polymer concretes. In comparison with the conventional rectangular bend beam specimen, the suggested SCB samples need significantly less material due to its smaller size. Furthermore, the average values of ${\sigma}_t$ and $K_{Ic}$ of tested PC were approximately 3.5 to 4.5 times the corresponding values obtained for conventional concrete showing the improved strength properties of PC relative to the conventional concretes.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.97-100
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• 2006

연강에서의 동적인 크랙 전파는 충격 하중을 받는 3점 굽힘 시험편들에 의해서 연구되어진다. 시험편은 10mm의 두께를 가진 $320{\times}75\;mm$의 크기를 가지고 있다. 하나의 정적인 실험과 30.2 m/s 및 45.2 m/s의 충격 속도들을 가진 두 개의 동적 실험들이 행하여진다. 고속 카메라는 크랙 성장과 크랙 선단 개구 변위들의 데이터를 얻는데 사용되어진다. 두 개의 반쪽 시험편들의 상대 회전을 직접 측정하기 위해서 Moire의 간섭 패턴을 사용한다. 실험들에서는 크랙 전파에 대한 하중 속도의 영향이 없거나 약간의 영향이 있는 것으로 나타나고 있다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2004

Dynamic crack initiation in ductile steel is investigated by means of impact loaded 3 point bend(PB) specimens. Results from non-viscoplastic and viscoplastic materials are compared. Their materials are applied with various impact velocities and static strain rates. The specimen has the size 320${\times}$750 mm with a thickness of 10 mm. A modified 3PB specimen design with reduced width at the ends has been developed in order to avoid the initial compressive load of the crack tip and also to avoid the uncertain boundary conditions at the impact heads. Numerical simulations are made by using the FEM code ABAQUS. Therefore, their results are plotted by shapes of the von Mises plastic stress and equivalent plastic strain of the specimens applied by various impact velocities.