• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.970-973
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• 2003

Recently, the development paradigm of enterprise information system has been moved from 2-tier environment to 3-tier environment. 3-tier environment makes possible to develop more efficient system in terms of the performance, extension, deployment and maintenance. The ship drawing process management system which manages a long-term drawing process and a great number of designers has to support an accuracy and a real-time of information but it is impossible because it is still served in 2-tier environment and some process of them is not developed yet. In this paper, we implemented the analysis and design of system based on CBD(Component Based Development) for the purpose of hanging the environment from two-dimensional Client/server architecture environment to COM＋ based 3-tier architecture environment. And by completing a development of total system, the productivity and the efficiency of the ship drawing process management system will be improved. And a wide reuse of components makes possible to improve the productivity and efficiency of system.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.199-207
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• 2020

In this study, the case of capstone design course operation for the execution of SW development-oriented projects in the field of computer engineering is presented, and a 3-tier capstone design model is proposed through the case. Recently, most engineering departments operate capstone design classes, but in many cases, capstone design courses are generally operated in the graduation year. Students taking these capstone design courses are experiencing difficulties in the process of actually coding and implementing together with the collaboration process according to the team project class operation, but before these difficulties, derivation and verification of possible ideas and concrete ideas It is showing more difficulties in the process. In this study, in order to efficiently operate the capstone design and create results, in the second semester prior to graduation, students, professors, and mentors from industry mentors will work together to develop ideas through an idea tone contest, etc. Through the second semester, we propose a 3-tier capstone design model that can advance the idea and actual implementation and implementation of the derived ideas.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.421-428
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• 2006

In this paper, the way of remote installation and back-up of 3-tier structure is introduced for efficient utilizing the cluster system resources distributed at several places. Recently, cluster system is constructed as the system of over hundreds nodes under complex network system mixed with public networks and private networks. Therefore, the as installation method suitable for the large scale cluster system and the remote recovery of failure nodes are important. However the previous researches which are based on 2-tier architecture may not provide the efficient cluster installation and image back-up method when the network of cluster system is composed of several private networks and public networks. In this paper, RISE (Remote Installation Service and Environment) based on the 3-tier architecture is proposed to solve this problem. In our approach, the managing node's role is divided into the global master node (GRISE) and the local master node (LRISE) to provide the efficient initial system deployment and remote failure recovery of distributed cluster system under the various network systems. Also, LRISE's availability is ensured under the complex network environments by adopting the auto-synchronization mechanism between GRISE and LRISE. In this work, a 64-node cluster system with gigabit network system is utilized for the experiment. From the experimental result, the system image with 1.86GB data can be obtained in 5 minutes and 53 seconds and the image-based installation of 64-node system can be carried out in 17 minutes and 53 seconds.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.161-174
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• 2014

The methodology report '2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories' shows higher tier method can be a good practice, which uses country-specific or plant-specific data when calculating greenhouse gas emissions by country. We review the methodology report to present principles of using plant-level data and also examine examples of using plant-level data in chemical and metal industry in 20 countries for the purpose of quality improvement of national greenhouse gas inventories. We propose that Korea consider utilizing plant-level data, as reported according to 'Greenhouse gas and Energy Target Management Scheme', in the following order as a preference. First, the data can be utilized for quality control of Korea's own parameters, when Tier 2 method is adopted and bottom-up approach is not applicable. Second, both plant-level data and IPCC default data can be used together, combining Tier 1 method with Tier 3 method. Third, we can also use acquired plant-level data and country specific parameters, combining Tier 2 method with Tier 3 method. Fourth, if the plant-level data involves all categories of emissions and the data is proven to be representative, we can apply Tier 3 method. In this case, we still need to examine the data to check its reliability by a consistent framework, including appropriate quality control.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.362-368
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• 2014

Container vessel sizes have constantly increased over the past two decades. With increasing ship sizes and higher container loading capacities, the adoption of lashing bridges has also increased. Today's lashing bridge designs range from 1st tier to 3rd tier lashing bridges. Container securing program of the past which is based on two lashing rods and 1st tier lashing bridge has to be improved to be suitable for the present time. The equilibrium equations in this study are established to cover the application of 3~4 lashing rods and 2nd~3rd tier lashing bridges. In addition developed program is improved to be able to calculate the reaction forces and optimum arrangement under the external lashing. An optimization algorithm which is suitable for the container securing problems involved the equality constraint has been also adopted in this study.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.5 no.9
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• pp.2248-2255
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• 1998

The property of connectivity between DBMS and application system developed in java is very important under the distributed object environments with heterogeneous systems. In these days, mostly used JDBC 3-tier model, which supports the connectivity, has two problems: the one is the restricted connectivity needed for the Java applet as application programs and the other is the additional efforts to design and implemtnt in linking any application program with the middleware from being deficit of standard protocol. In order to solve these problems, we have worked on Enlarging the properties of JDBC 3 tier model by applying CORBA distributed object environments. Thus, the enlarged 3-tier model has an ORB-JDBC sub protocol for the client sub-protocol and a middleware whose property is supported by CORBA.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.209-213
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• 2013

This paper aims to design and realize mobile webapp ticket reservation system based smartphone with N-tier mobile webapp framework. In mobile framework, presentation-tier utilizes HTML5/CSS3 and Sencha Touch, middle-tier consists of spring framework and MyBatis, database-tier using oracle possible to apply enterprise services mobile webbapp offices. In this study, mobile framework deploy and configuration management without the support of the app in N-tier that does not need to be considered in the smartphone-based mobile webapp ticket reservation system analysis and design, and then implementation.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.2089-2099
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• 2014

Emissions from aircraft have impacts on the air pollution of airport and the surrounding area. There are methods of emissions calculated as Tier 1, Tier2, Tier 3A and Tier 3B. Thus, this study investigated emissions from aircraft at the Gimhae International Airport using EDMS(Emissions & Dispersion Modeling System) program. Results of estimation from aviation emissions, Tier 3B considering all parts which can occur at the airport has the largest amount emissions. In order to understand the relation between aviation emissions and distribution of ozone concentration over airport area, numerical evaluation were carried out. Although the difference of surface ozone distribution between numerical assessment with and without aviation emissions was little, effects of air pollution at airport area from aviation emissions of NOx and VOCs.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.15-28
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to show the empirical extraction way of benchmarking ports for overcoming the shortcoming which the traditional DEA method has by using 20 Korean ports in 2003 for 2 inputs (birthing capacity, cargo handling capacity) and 2 outputs(Export and Import Quantity, Number of Ship Calls). Because DEA method has produced the limited set of efficient units which are reference to inefficient units respective of their differences in efficiency scores, it is necessary to adopt the more feasible benchmarking information according to the path analysis(tier or stratification). The core empirical results of this paper are as follows. Benchmarking ports against inefficient ports according to the tier analysis are that Masan Port(Janghang$\rightarrow$Jeju$\rightarrow$Seogoipo$\rightarrow$Yeosu), Jinhae Port(Janghang$\rightarrow$Mogpo$\rightarrow$Seogoipo$\rightarrow$Wando), Pohang&DonghaePort(Janghang$\rightarrow$Samcheonpo$\rightarrow$Pyungtag$\rightarrow$Samcheog), and Sogcho Port(Janghang$\rightarrow$Mogpo$\rightarrow$Seogoipo$\rightarrow$Wando). The policy implication to the Korean seaports and planners is that Korean seaports should introduce the new methods like Tier analysis of this paper for evaluating the port performance and enhancing the efficiency in short term, mid term, and long term according to the tier 3 stage, the tier 2 stage, and the tier 1 stage with original DEA stage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.178-180
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• 2000

오늘날 온라인 게임은 TCP망을 이용하여 동시에 수백에서 수천명이 접속하여 게임을 증길 수 있는 클라이언트/서버 모델의 표준이지만 서버에 접속하는 클라이언트의 수가 증가함에 따라 나타나는 많은 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존 네트웍 게임 엔진 구조적 단점을 보완한 3-tier 방식을 적용한 분산 네트웍 게입 서버를 위한 부하 분산기의 연구 및 개발에 대하여 서술한다. 이 시스템은 클라이언트/서버 모델의 2-tier 방식에서 오는 클라이언트 수 증가에 따른 네트웍 부하 가중에 대한 처리 문제와, 분산된 2-tier 방식을 적용한 서버에서 각 서버간의 통신, 데이터 공유에 대한 문제 등을 다루고 이에 대한 해결책으로 3-tier 방식을 적용하여 클라이언트/서버 사이에 각 서버의 사용자나 이동되는 데이터를 분산하고 모니터링하는 부하 분산기 시스템을 적용하여 위와 같은 문제점을 해결하였다.