• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.352-356
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• 1997

식물배양세포계에서 유용 phytoalexin의 생산여부를 검토하기 위하여 페튜니아 배양세포주에 5종의 naphthoquinone류 화합물을 첨가하였을 때 유도되는 항미생물활성을 조사하였다. 처리한 naphthoquinone류 화합물 중 토양 방선균으로부터 페튜니아 세포생장억제물질로 분리한 2,5,7-trihydroxy-3-(5'-hydroxyhexyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone (3-OH NQ)이 48시간 이내에 90% 이상 효율적으로 배양세포내로 흡수되었다. 3-OH NQ를 처리한 페튜니아 캘러스 추출물은 Aspergillus candidus의 포자발아를 강하게 억제하였다$(MIC:\;32\;{\mu}g/ml)$. 3-OH NQ를 처리한 페튜니아 배양세포로부터 2종의 항미생물 활성물질 4,2',4',${\beta}$-tetrahydroxychalcone과 4',7-dihydroxyflavone을 분리하였다. 주로 유도되는 phytoalexin인 4,2',4',${\beta}$-tetrahydroxychalcone은 A. candidus의 포자발아를 강하게 억제하였다$(MIC:\;16\;{\mu}g/ml)$.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.518-527
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• 2015

Controlled release of medications remains the most convenient way to deliver drugs. In this study, we precipitated gold nanoparticles with quercetin. We loaded gold-quercetin into poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (NQ) and tested the biological activity of NQ on HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells to acquire the sustained release property. We determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy that NQ effectively caused conformational changes in DNA and modulated different proteins related to epigenetic modifications and c ell cycle control. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA damage, and caspase 3 activity were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the expression profiles of different anti- and pro-apoptotic as well as epigenetic signals were studied by immunoblotting. A cytotoxicity assay indicated that NQ preferentially killed cancer cells, compared to normal cells. NQ interacted with HepG2 cell DNA and reduced histone deacetylases to control cell proliferation and arrest the cell cycle at the sub-G stage. Activities of cell cycle-related proteins, such as $p21^{WAF}$, cdk1, and pAkt, were modulated. NQ induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells by activating p53-ROS crosstalk and induces epigenetic modifications leading to inhibited proliferation and cell cycle arrest.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.494-499
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• 2019

본 연구는 경기지역 초등학교 4, 5학년 406명(남 199명, 여 207명)을 대상으로 영양지수(NQ : Nutrition Quotient) 설문을 이용하여 식습관을 평가하였다. NQ는 19개 문항으로 구성되어, 5 요인(균형, 다양, 절제, 규칙, 실천)으로 나누어 평가하였다. NQ 총점은 남자 $61.40{\pm}14.31$, 여자 $63.02{\pm}14.62$로 유의미한 차이는 없었다. 요인별 점수를 살펴보면 절제(남 $63.57{\pm}19.00$, 여 $70.84{\pm}16.20$), 실천(남 $58.56{\pm}20.50$, 여 $64.69{\pm}22.57$) 점수에 대해 성별에 따른 유의미한 차이가 나타났으나 다양(남 $71.70{\pm}24.72$, 여 $71.26{\pm}23.57$), 규칙(남 $59.39{\pm}23.73$, 여 $59.34{\pm}23.57$), 균형(남 $56.73{\pm}19.62$, 여 $54.58{\pm}20.03$) 영역에서는 성별 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 영양지수 등급 분석결과, '1등급' 10.8%, '2등급' 9.4%, '3등급' 45.1%, '4등급' 20.4%, '5등급' 14.3%로 나타났다. 본 조사에서 낮은 영양지수 등급으로 분류된 어린이를 위한 영양교육을 제공하여 영양상태를 증진시킬 필요가 있다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.149-152
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• 1997

토양 방선균(Streptomyces sp.)으로부터 페튜니아 캘러스의 생장을 억제하는 물질을 탐색하기 위하여 400 균주의 배양액을 대상으로 활성을 조사하였다. 방선균 9602 균주의 배양액으로부터 캘러스 생장억제물질을 용매분획과 2차의 실리카겔 칼람 크로마토그라피를 사용하여 활성물질을 분리하였다. 활성물질은 1H-NMR, EI-MS, IR, UV 등을 사용하여 2,5,7-trihydroxy-3-(5'-hydroxyhexyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone(3-OH NQ)으로 동정하였다. 3-OH NQ는 페튜니아 캘러스 생장을 $32\mu\textrm{g}$/mL 농도에서 50% 억제하였다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2024

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the nutrition quotient and the dietary intake of adolescents. A total of 393 adolescents were surveyed to evaluate their Nutrition Quotient for Korean Adolescents (NQ-A) scores and dietary intake. The average age of the survey subjects was 15 years and the average NQ-A score of the subjects was 49.11±13.35. There was no significant difference in the NQ-A scores according to gender and age. The average dietary diversity score was 3.77±0.85, and it was significantly higher in boys than in girls (p< .05) with the scores of 12-14-year-old students being significantly higher than those aged 15-18 years (p< .01). The results of comparing the percentage of recommended intake or adequate intake and the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) according to the NQ-A grade, showed that the 'High' grade had a significantly higher intake percentage of vitamin B1, B12, folate, phosphorus, iron and a significantly higher MAR (p< .05). From a long-term perspective, efforts to improve dietary habits are deemed necessary to meet an individual's nutritional requirements. Adolescents themselves should develop proper eating behaviors and acquire suitable dietary management skills to enhance their nutritional status, ultimately contributing to an improvement in their quality of life.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.405-414
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• 2021

Objective: To compare two clinically available MR volumetry software, NeuroQuant^® (NQ) and Inbrain^® (IB), and examine the inter-method reliabilities and differences between them. Materials and Methods: This study included 172 subjects (age range, 55-88 years; mean age, 71.2 years), comprising 45 normal healthy subjects, 85 patients with mild cognitive impairment, and 42 patients with Alzheimer's disease. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were analyzed with IB and NQ. Mean differences were compared with the paired t test. Inter-method reliability was evaluated with Pearson's correlation coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Effect sizes were also obtained to document the standardized mean differences. Results: The paired t test showed significant volume differences in most regions except for the amygdala between the two methods. Nevertheless, inter-method measurements between IB and NQ showed good to excellent reliability (0.72 < r < 0.96, 0.83 < ICC < 0.98) except for the pallidum, which showed poor reliability (left: r = 0.03, ICC = 0.06; right: r = -0.05, ICC = -0.09). For the measurements of effect size, volume differences were large in most regions (0.05 < r < 6.15). The effect size was the largest in the pallidum and smallest in the cerebellum. Conclusion: Comparisons between IB and NQ showed significantly different volume measurements with large effect sizes. However, they showed good to excellent inter-method reliability in volumetric measurements for all brain regions, with the exception of the pallidum. Clinicians using these commercial software should take into consideration that different volume measurements could be obtained depending on the software used.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2017

Streptomyces avermitilis produces clinically useful drugs such as avermectins and oligomycins. Its genome contains approximately 33 cytochrome P450 genes and they seem to play important roles in the biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites. The SAV_7130 gene from S. avermitilis encodes CYP158A3. The amino acid sequence of this enzyme has high similarity with that of CYP158A2, a biflaviolin synthase from S. coelicolor A3(2). Recombinant S. avermitilis CYP158A3 was heterologously expressed and purified. It exhibited the typical P450 Soret peak at 447 nm in the reduced CO-bound form. Type I binding spectral changes were observed when CYP158A3 was titrated with myristic acid; however, no oxidative product was formed. An analog of flaviolin, 2-hydroxynaphthoquinone (2-OH NQ) displayed similar type I binding upon titration with purified CYP158A3. It underwent an enzymatic reaction forming dimerized product. A homology model of CYP158A3 was superimposed with the structure of CYP158A2, and the majority of structural elements aligned. These results suggest that CYP158A3 might be an orthologue of biflaviolin synthase, catalyzing C-C coupling reactions during pigment biosynthesis in S. avermitilis.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.373-382
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• 2003

Magnesium ion ($Mg^{2+}$) is a vasodilator, but little is known about its mechanism of action on vascular system. In vitro, extracellular magnesium sulfate ($MgSO_4$) produced relaxation in phenylephrine (PE) or high KCl-precontracted isolated rat thorocic aorta with (+E) or without (-E) endothelium in a concentration-dependent manner. The $MgSO_4$-induced relaxations were not affected by removal of the endothelium. Pretreatment of +E or -E aortic rings with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors ($20{\mu}M$ L-NNA, $100{\mu}M$ L-NAME, $1{\mu}M$ dexamethasone and $400{\mu}M$ aminoguanidine), cyclooxygenase inhibitor ($10{\mu}M$ indomethacin), guanylate cyclase inhibitors ($10{\mu}M$ ODQ and $30{\mu}M$ methylene blue) and $Ca^{2+}$ transport blocker ($10{\mu}M$ ryanodine) did not affect the relaxant effects of $MgSO_4$. $Ca^{2+}$ channel blockers ($0.3{\mu}M$ nifedipine and $0.5{\mu}M$ veropamil) completely decreased the relaxant effects of $MgSO_4$ in +E and -E aortic rings. However, in $Ca^{2+}$-free medium, $MgSO_4$-induced vasorelaxation was potentiated and this response was inhibited by nifedipine. Protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors ($1.0{\mu}M$ staurosporine, $0.5{\mu}M$ tamoxifen and $0.1{\mu}M$ H7) or PLC inhibitor ($100{\mu}M$ NCDC) markedly decreased the relaxant effects of $MgSO_4$ in +E and -E aortic rings. In vivo, infusion of $MgSO_4$ elicited significant decreases in arterial blood pressure. After intravenous injection of nifedipine ($150{\mu}g/kg$) and NCDC (3 mg/kg), infusion of $MgSO_4$ inhibited the $MgSO_4$-lowered blood pressure markedly. However, after introvenous injection of saponin (15 mg/kg), L-NNA (3 mg/kg), L-NAME (5 mg/kg), indomethacin (2 mg/kg), methylene blue (15 mg/kg) and aminoguanidine (10 mg/kg) failed to inhibit it. These results suggest that endothelial NQ-cGMP or prostaglandin pathway is not involved in vasorelaxant or hypotensive action of $Mg^{2+}$ and that these effects are due to the inhibitory action of $Mg^{2+}$ on the $Ca^{2+}$ channel or PLC-PKC pathway, and are due to the competitive influx of $Mg^{2+}$ and $Ca^{2+}$ through the $Ca^{2+}$ channel.