• 제목/요약/키워드: 3-Dimensional Expression

검색결과 307건 처리시간 0.03초

임신일령에 따른 생쥐 태아 뇌조직의 단백질 발현 양상 분석 (Analysis of brain protein expression in developing mouse fetus)

  • 한영훈;김홍래;조운비;우제석;진동일
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제38권1호
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    • pp.65-70
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    • 2011
  • Development of mouse fetus brains can be defined morphologically and functionally by three developmental stages, embryo day (ED) 16, postnatal stage one week and eight weeks. These defined stages of brain development may be closely associated with differential gene expression rates due to limited cellular resources such as energy, space, and free water. Complex patterns of expressed genes and proteins during brain development suggests the changes in relative concentrations of proteins rather than the increase in numbers of new gene products. This study was designed to evaluate early protein expression pattern in mouse fetus brain. The mouse brain proteome of fetus at ED 15.5, and 19.5 was obtained using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (DE). Analysis of the 2-DE gels in pH 3-10 range revealed the presence of 15 differentially expressed spots, of which 11 spots were identified to be known proteins following MALDI-TOF analysis; 3 spots were up-regulated and 8 spots were down-regulated in the mouse fetus brain at ED 15.5. UP-regulated proteins were identified as MCG18238, isoform M2 of pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2, isoform 2 of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H2, creatine kinase B-type, 40S ribosomal protein SA and hemoglobin subunit beta-H1. Down-regulated proteins were putative uncharacterized protein, lactoylglutathione lyase and secreted acidic cysteine rich glycoprotein. Our results revealed composite profiles of mouse fetus brain proteins related to mouse fetus development by 2-DE analysis implying possible roles of these proteins in neural differentiation.

Monoterpenoid Loliolide Regulates Hair Follicle Inductivity of Human Dermal Papilla Cells by Activating the AKT/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

  • Lee, Yu Rim;Bae, Seunghee;Kim, Ji Yea;Lee, Junwoo;Cho, Dae-Hyun;Kim, Hee-Sik;An, In-Sook;An, Sungkwan
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제29권11호
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    • pp.1830-1840
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    • 2019
  • Loliolide is one of the most ubiquitous monoterpenoid compounds found in algae, and its potential therapeutic effect on various dermatological conditions via agent-induced biological functions, including anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties, was demonstrated. Here, we investigated the effects of loliolide on hair growth in dermal papilla (DP) cells, the main components regulating hair growth and loss conditions. For this purpose, we used a three-dimensional (3D) DP spheroid model that mimics the in vivo hair follicle system. Biochemical assays showed that low doses of loliolide increased the viability and size of 3D DP spheroids in a dose-dependent manner. This result correlated with increases in expression levels of hair growth-related autocrine factors including VEGF, IGF-1, and KGF. Immunoblotting and luciferase-reporter assays further revealed that loliolide induced AKT phosphorylation, and this effect led to stabilization of β-catenin, which plays a crucial role in the hair-inductive properties of DP cells. Further experiments showed that loliolide increased the expression levels of the DP signature genes, ALP, BMP2, VCAN, and HEY1. Furthermore, conditioned media from loliolide-treated DP spheroids significantly enhanced proliferation and the expression of hair growth regulatory genes in keratinocytes. These results suggested that loliolide could function in the hair growth inductivity of DP cells via the AKT/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Novel Three-Dimensional Knitted Fabric for Pressure Ulcer Prevention: Preliminary Clinical Application and Testing in a Diabetic Mouse Model of Pressure Ulcers

  • Kim, Sungae;Hong, Jamin;Lee, Yongseong;Son, Daegu
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • 제49권2호
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    • pp.275-284
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    • 2022
  • Background Population aging has led to an increased incidence of pressure ulcers, resulting in a social burden and economic costs. We developed a three-dimensional knitted fabric (3-DKF) with a pressure-reducing function that can be applied topically in the early stages of pressure ulcers to prevent progression. Methods We evaluated the effects of the 3-DKF in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus pressure ulcer mouse model, and the fabric was preliminarily applied to patients. Twelve-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were used for the animal experiments. In the pressure ulcer mouse model, an ischemia-reperfusion injury was created using a magnet on the dorsa of the mice. Pressure was measured with BodiTrak before and after applying the 3-DKF to 14 patients at risk of sacral pressure ulcers. Results In the 3-DKF-applied mice group, the ulcers were shallower and smaller than those in the control group. Compared with the mice in the control group, the 3-DKF group had lower platelet-derived growth factor-α and neutrophil elastase expression, as parameters related to inflammation, and increased levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, TGF-β3, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and α-smooth muscle actin, which are related to growth factors and proliferation. Additionally, typical normal tissue staining patterns were observed in the 3-DKF group. In the preliminary clinical analysis, the average skin pressure was 26.2 mm Hg before applying the 3-DKF, but it decreased to an average of 23.4 mm Hg after 3-DKF application. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the newly developed 3-DKF was effective in preventing pressure ulcers through testing in a pressure ulcer animal model and preliminary clinical application.

LPS로 자극된 macrophage RAW264.7 세포에서 ascochlorin에 대한 단백질체 분석 (Proteome Analysis of Responses to Ascochlorin in LPS-induced Mouse Macrophage RAW264.7 Cells by 2-D Gel Electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF MS.)

  • 장영채
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.814-825
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    • 2008
  • 아스코크로린(Ascochlorin, ASC)은 Ascochyta viciae로부터 추출된 프레닐페놀 물질로, 혈청 콜레스테롤과 트리글리세라이드 수치를 감소시키고 종양 성장을 억제한다는 연구 결과가 보고되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 아스코크로린이 생리학적 혹은 병리학적인 작용과 염증반응에서 약리학적으로 유도되는 반응을 어떻게 조절하며, 이러한 메커니즘에 대해 이해하기 위해 mouse macrophage Raw264.7 세포에 아스코크로린을 처리하여 이에 대한 프로테옴의 특이적인 발현에 대해 분석하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 LPS를 처리한 mouse macrophage Raw264.7 세포에 아스코크로린을 처리하여 염증과정에 관련된 단백질의 발현 양상을 확인하기 위해 프로테오믹스를 시행하였다. Mouse macrophage RAW264.7 세포에 아스코크로린을 처리한 조건과 무처리한 조건으로 나누어 two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-D SDS-PAGE), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS)와 bioinformatics 방법으로 아스코크로린을 처리한 mouse macrophage Raw264.6 세포의 프로테옴을 분석하였다. 그 결과 mouse macrophage Raw264.7 세포에 아스코크로린 처리 시 Calreticulin이 4배 감소, ${\beta}-actin$도 4배 감소 그리고 vimentin이 1.5배 감소함을 확인 할 수 있었다. 그러나 rabaptin 아스코크로린 처리에 의해 3배 증가함을 확인 할 수 있었다. 이러한 단백질 발현은 RT-PCR을 수행하여 결과에 대해 재확인 하였으며, 프로테오믹스와 동일한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 LPS 처리에 의해 활성화된 mouse macrophage RAW264.7 세포에 ASC를 처리한 후 이차원 전기영동법을 이용하여, 단백질의 발현 변화 및 양상을 규명하고 단백질 지도를 확립 하였으며, RAW264.7 세포를 이용한 면역세포 모델에서 ASC의 항염증 작용을 중심으로 생리활성 조절기능을 확인 할 수 있었다. 향후 분자 기능 조절 연구와 전 임상 연구를 통해 ASC의 생리활성 조절 기능을 규명한다면 ASC는 항염증 및 항암활성을 갖는 약물로 개발될 것으로 기대된다.

스텝 애니메이션과 감성 표현 사이의 정량적 상호관계에 관한 연구 (A study of quantitative correlation between step animation and emotional expressions)

  • 이지성;정재욱
    • 디자인학연구
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.141-148
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    • 2004
  • 본 논문은 스텝 애니메이션에서 표현되어지는 감성을 정의하고, 스텝 관련 감성 자극 요소들을 추출 측정, 분석하여 스텝의 직관적인 감성 표현을 정량화시키는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 실험 방법으로는 스텝 관련 27개의 감성 표현 어휘와 36개의 샘플 스텝 동영상의 상관관계를 설문 조사하였다. 통합된 데이터를 수량화 이론 III류를 이용하여 스텝의 감성적 멘털구조를 2차원 평면화 하였다. 이를 분석한 결과, 감성 스텝은 가로의 자신감 축과 세로의 안정감 축으로 형성되어 있음을 밝혀내었다. 감성 스텝의 2차원 분포도를 분석한 결과, <자신감, 불안감 쪽> 2사분면과 <자신감, 안정감 쪽> 3사분면은 데이터가 풍부한 반면 <소심함, 불안감 쪽> 1사분면과 <소심함, 안정감 쪽> 4사분면의 데이터 분포가 희박함을 보여주었다. 이러한 그래프 분석을 통해 불안감이 느껴지면서 소심한 감성과 안정감이 느껴지는 소심한 캐릭터의 감성은 스텝만으로 표현하기에는 난해한 감성 표현임을 파악할 수 있었다. 감성에 영향을 미치는 스텝의 신체 물리적 요소로는 <스텝의 간격> <스텝의 속도> <골반(Y축)의 움직임 각도> <팔 스윙 폭> <척추(x축)의 움직임 각도> <신체의 기울기> 6가지로 선정하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 <스텝의 속도>와 <신체의 기울기>가 스텝의 감성 자극에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요소임을 밝혀낼 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 캐릭터의 미묘한 감성 상태를 스텝 애니메이션에 자연스럽게 표현해 내는 과정에 있어 애니메이터들의 주관적인 가성 표현들을 객관화, 정량화시키고자 하였으며 향후 이 데이터들을 활용한 멀티컨텐츠의 적용을 목표로 하고 있다.

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Protein Separation in Functional Rice Grains Using Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

  • Chung, Soo Im;Lee, Sang Chul;Kan, Mi Young
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제58권4호
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    • pp.388-392
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    • 2013
  • The proteins from functional rice cultivars (Nogwonchalbyeo, Giant embryonic, Arhyangchalbyeo, and Goamibyeo) and general white rice were extracted and separated using two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis. A wide variation in the molecular weight (MW) and pH range of the expressed proteins in rice samples were observed. The green-kerneled rice (Nogwonchalbyeo) exhibited proteins with MW of 9-57 kDa and appeared at a pH range of 4-7. The Giant embryonic contained proteins with MW of 31-63 kDa and a pH range of 5-6. The aromatic glutinous rice (Arhyangchalbyeo) showed proteins with MW of 24-28 and pH of 5.8-6.8. The high-amylose rice (Goamibyeo) exhibited proteins with MW of 3-63 and pH of 5.2-5.6. The identified proteins uniquely found and highly expressed in each cultivar may have a significant role on rice functionality. The results illustrate that the 2D gel electrophoresis is a valuable method in the determination of the protein expression profiles in functional rice grains and may be useful in the identification of specific marker proteins associated with the functional property of rice.

한국산 멧누에 (Bombyx mandarina)에 있어서 난각유전자의 형질발현. I. 난각구조의 특이성과 Chorion 단백질 (Chorion Gene Expression in the Cellular Differentiation and Accumulation of Chorion Protein of Silkmoth, Bombyx mandarina I. Specific Structures of Egg-shell and Chorion Protein)

  • 노시갑
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.157-164
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    • 1990
  • 한국산 멧누에(Bomdyx mandarina)chorion 유전자의 형질 발현기구를 규명하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 본 실험을 실시했다. 멧누에의 난각구조를 주사형 전자현마경에 의해 관찰한 결과 매우 특이적인 구조가 인정되었다. 즉 원추상의 불규칙 돌기에 의한 돌기구조층과 이 돌기 구조층을 덮고 있는 한 층의 얇은 덮개 구조층이 그것이다. 2차원 전기영동법에 의해 chorion 단백질을 분석한 결과, 난각을 구성하는 주요 단백질 성분은 등전점 4~6, 분자량 6~30 kd로 밝혀졌다. 특히 특이난각구조와 관련된 특이단백질 성분을 검출하였으며 이들의 대부분은 고cysteine 단백질인 것으로 추정했다. 이상의 연구결과에 의해 멧누에 난각의 특이 구조 형성에 따른 유전자발현기구 규명을 위한 기초자료가 얻어졌다.

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한우육의 육질에 중요 영향을 미치는 근내지방축적 최적기에 발현되는 단백질 동정 (Identification of the Proteins Expressed at Optimum Marbling in Hanwoo Loin)

  • 임진규
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제28권3호
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    • pp.579-585
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    • 1999
  • Proteins from the loin tissues age ranged from 0 to 24 months of ten Korean cattle were extracted, separated and compared on two dimensional(2 D) gels to identify the proteins whose expression is highly correlated to marbling. We also compared the difference of loin proteins between castrated and non castrated bull cows on two dimensional gels. As the marbling in the loin of the cattle is optimized at 18 to 24 months, eight proteins expressed significantly higher level in 24 month than in 0 or 6 month were selected in terms of isoelectric points(pIs) and molecular weights. Using these values, we searched the Swiss Prot database via the ExPASy molecular biology server with TagIdent program. The proteins with the nearest molecular weights and isoelectric points were selected from the lists. These possible candidates were confirmed by N terminal microsequencing of the eight selected proteins. Three proteins, myoglobin, hemoglobin and ATPase, whose N termini were not blocked could be microsequenced and found to be exactly matched to the selected candidates. It is suggested that the proteins increasingly expressed in marbling periods can be involved in meat color, lipid transport and flavor improvement.

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A Study on the Shrinkage of Silk Fabric by $Ca(NO_3){_2}$ Solution

  • Choi, Se-Min;Shin, Yu-Ju;Kim, Jong-Jun;Jeon, Dong-Won
    • 패션비즈니스
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.136-148
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    • 2009
  • The phenomenon of the shrinkage of silk fibers induced by inorganic salts including LiBr, $Ca(NO_3){_2}$, and $CaCl_2$, has been studied up to the present as one of the finishing methods of silk. It is expected that the shrinkage phenomenon may greatly contribute to the realization of the high sensibility of silk fibers. Especially the shrinkage enables the expression of three-dimensional appearance of silk fabrics along with the improvements in dimensional stability, resilience in stretching, and comfort. Numerous theoretical studies on the contraction phenomenon by $Ca(NO_3){_2}$ have been conducted so far. These studies have focused mostly on the silk fibers. It is difficult to find studies on silk fabrics. The negative aspects of the finishing are such as strength drop, yellowish discoloration, and fiber damage. These should also be considered as well as the positive aspects. In this study, the phenomenon of salt shrinkage is diversely reviewed by applying $Ca(NO_3){_2}$ solution for the silk fabrics as objects. The changes in the air permeability, thickness, and color were investigated with focus on the shrinkage of the silk fabrics according to the changes in treatment conditions. Some findings from this study are as follows: Within short period of time at the initiation of salt shrinkage, the salt shrinkage proceeds effectively. In the case of concentration of 47.4%, or 46.3% of $Ca(NO_3){_2}$ solution, appropriate treatment time seems to be 20seconds, or $2{\sim}8$minutes, respectively. Excessive shrinkage is obtained when lower liquor ratio is adopted. As a result, the condition is acting extremely disadvantageously against the thickness and yellow discoloration aspects.

하이드로젤 지지체 기반 3차원 환경에서 개 간엽줄기세포의 분화능 분석 (Differentiation potential of canine mesenchymal stem cells on hydrogel scaffold-based three-dimensional environment)

  • 구나연;박미정;이지현;변정수;정다운;조인수;차상호
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제58권4호
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    • pp.211-217
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    • 2018
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are useful candidates for tissue engineering and cell therapy. Physiological cell environment not only connects cells to each other, but also connects cells to the extracellular matrix that provide mechanical support, thus exposing the entire cell surface and activating signaling pathways. Hydrogel is a polymeric material that swells in water and maintains a distinct 3-dimensional (3D) network structure by cross linking. In this study, we investigated the optimized cellular function for canine adipose tissue-derived MSCs (cAD-MSCs) using hydrogel. We observed that the expression levels of Ki67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, which are involved in cell proliferation and stemness, were increased in transwell-hydrogel (3D-TN) compared to the transwell-normal (TN). Also, transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ and SOX9, which are typical bone morphogenesis-inducing factors, were increased in 3D-TN compared to the TN. Collagen type II alpha 1, which is a chondrocyte-specific marker, was increased in 3D-TN compared to the TN. Osteocalcin, which is a osteocyte-specific marker, was increased in 3D-TN compared to the TN. Collectively, preconditioning cAD-MSCs via 3D culture systems can enhance inherent secretory properties that may improve the potency and efficacy of MSCs-based therapies for bone regeneration process.