• Title/Summary/Keyword: 3-D position

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Studies on the Cadalene Compounds From Zelkova serrata Wood III - Glucosylation of 7-hydroxy-3-methoxycadalene - (느티나무에서 단리한 카달렌 화합물에 관한 연구 III - 7-Hydroxy-3-methoxycadalene의 글루코오스 유도체화 -)

  • Choi, Joon-Weon;Lee, Oh-Kyu;Cho, Myung-Haing;Choi, Don-Ha
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.239-244
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    • 2009
  • In order to alleviate the cyto-toxicity and improve the poor water solubility of 7-hydroxy-3-methoxycadalene, it was substituted with glucose, a strong hydrophilic and non cyto-toxiccompound, in the C-7 position. The yield of final product was ca. 55.4%. The $IC_{50}$ values of 7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosyl-3-methoxycadalene against normal lung cell (WI-38 cell line) and human lung cancer cell (A-549 cell line), which is a parameter for determination of cell viability, were measured to $298.2{\mu}m$ and $88.6{\mu}m$, respectively. This result indicates that the pharmaceutical efficiency of the cadalene-glucose derivative targeted to lung cancer cell could be improved more than three times compared to the non derivatized cadalene. In addition, glycosylation of 7-hydroxy-3-methoxycadalene turned its hydrophobic property to more soluble in water.

Development of 3D Radiation Position Identification System of Multiple Radiation Sources using Plastic Scintillator and NaI(TI) Detector (플라스틱 Scintillator와 NaI(TI) 검출기를 이용한 다수의 방사선원 위치를 3차원으로 판별하는 측정시스템 개발)

  • Kwak, Dong-Hoon;Ko, Tae-Young;Lee, Seung-Ho
    • Journal of IKEEE
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.638-644
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    • 2018
  • In this paper, we develop a measurement system that uses 3D Scintillator and NaI(TI) Detector to 3-dimensionally identify the location of multiple radiation sources in moving vehicle loads. The radiation measurement system consists of radiation measurement (plastic scintillator), 2-channel Pulse Counter Board, nuclide analysis (NaI(TI) detector) and 1 channel MCA Board. The source locator algorithm calculates the coordinate value of the ratio of the CPS value($1/r^2$) of the source according to the angle(${\theta}$) in inverse proportion to the square of the distance(X, Y) through the SVM classification. The coordinate values are input every predetermined period of the spectrum, and after analyzing the spectrum per unit cycle, the position of the nuclide at the time is calculated by determining whether or not the nuclide is present in the remaining part except for the background area. As a result of the position discrimination test, the error within the international standard of ${\pm}1m$ was shown. Thus, the utility of the proposed system has been demonstrated.

An Analysis of Vertical Position Accuracy for the Three-Dimensional Spatial Data Object Utilizing the Public Information (공공데이터를 활용한 3차원 공간정보 객체의 수직위치 정확도 분석)

  • Kim, Jeong Taek;Yi, Su Hyun;Kim, Jong Il;Bae, Sang Won
    • Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.137-143
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    • 2014
  • Recently, as new paradigm for government operation called government 3.0, government is actively operating policy opening and sharing public data. In addition, the Ministry of Land are operating an open platform integrated map service (the VWorld) which provides a variety of video contents such as the country's national spatial information, traffic information and three-dimensional building for the public. According to W3C Foundation's Open Data Status Report(2013), our country has the evaluated results that the part of the government's policy support and planning is good while the part of the data management is vulnerable. So our country needs the quality improvement for the data management. In addition, a digital aerial photograph image data is required to be up-to-date for the three-dimensional spatial object data. In this paper, we present the method for enhancement of the accuracy of vertical position and for maintainment of up-to-date vertical position. Our methods evaluate the data quality and analyze the cause of error of measurement utilizing the national standard quality assessment method. The result of research shows that the accuracy of vertical position is improved if the height of the building captain is adjusted by the quality assessment values and a three-dimensional model has up-to-date data if reconstruction and extension information of construction register is utilized.

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF tRNA ($m^1$ G37) METHYLTRANSFERASE

  • Ahn, Hyung-Jun;Lee, Byung-Ill;Yoon, Hye-Jin;Yang, Jin-Kuk;Suh, Se-Won
    • Proceedings of the Korea Crystallographic Association Conference
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    • 2003.05a
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    • pp.17-17
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    • 2003
  • tRNA (m¹ G37) methyltransferase (TrmD) catalyze s the trans for of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) to G/sup 37/ within a subset of bacterial tRNA species, which have a residue G at 36th position. The modified guanosine is adjacent to and 3' of the anticodon and is essential for the maintenance of the correct reading frame during translation. We have determined the first crystal structure of TrmD from Haemophilus influenzae, as a binary complex with either AdoMet or S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoHcy), as a ternary complex with AdoHcy/phosphate, and as an apo form. The structure indicates that TrmD functions as a dimer (Figure 1). It also suggests the binding mode of G/sup 36/G/sup 37/ in the active site of TrmD and catalytic mechanism. The N-terminal domain has a trefoil knot, in which AdoMet or AdoHcy is bound in a novel, bent conformation. The C-terminal domain shows a structural similarity to DNA binding domain of trp or tot repressor. We propose a plausible model for the TrmD₂-tRNA₂ complex, which provides insights into recognition of the general tRNA structure by TrmD (Figure 2).

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Head Motion Detection and Alarm System during MRI scanning (MRI 영상획득 중의 피험자 움직임 감지 및 알림 시스템)

  • Pae, Chong-Won;Park, Hae-Jeong;Kim, Dae-Jin
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.55-66
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    • 2012
  • Purpose : During brain MRI scanning, subject's head motion can adversely affect MRI images. To minimize MR image distortion by head movement, we developed an optical tracking system to detect the 3-D movement of subjects. Materials and Methods: The system consisted of 2 CCD cameras, two infrared illuminators, reflective sphere-type markers, and frame grabber with desktop PC. Using calibration which is the procedure to calculate intrinsic/extrinsic parameters of each camera and triangulation, the system was desiged to detect 3-D coordinates of subject's head movement. We evaluated the accuracy of 3-D position of reflective markers on both test board and the real MRI scans. Results: The stereo system computed the 3-D position of markers accurately for the test board and for the subject with glasses with attached optical reflective marker, required to make regular head motion during MRI scanning. This head motion tracking didn't affect the resulting MR images even in the environment varying magnetic gradient and several RF pulses. Conclusion: This system has an advantage to detect subject's head motion in real-time. Using the developed system, MRI operator is able to determine whether he/she should stop or intervene in MRI acquisition to prevent more image distortions.

Development of 3-D Stereotactic Localization System and Radiation Measurement for Stereotactic Radiosurgery (방사선수술을 위한 3차원 정위 시스템 및 방사선량 측정 시스템 개발)

  • Suh, Tae-Suk;Suh, Doug-Young;Park, Sung-Hun;Jang, Hong-Seok;Choe, Bo-Young;Yoon, Sei-Chul;Shinn, Kyung-Sub;Bahk, Yong-Whee;Kim, Il-Hwan;Kang, Wee-Sang;Ha, Sung-Whan;Park, Charn-Il
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.25-36
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    • 1995
  • The purpose of this research is to develop stereotactic localization and radiation measurement system for the efficient and precise radiosurgery. The algorithm to obtain a 3-D stereotactic coordinates of the target has been developed using a Fisher CT or angio localization. The procedure of stereotactic localization was programmed with PC computer, and consists of three steps: (1) transferring patient images into PC; (2) marking the position of target and reference points of the localizer from the patient image; (3) computing the stereotactic 3-D coordinates of target associated with position information of localizer. Coordinate transformation was quickly done on a real time base. The difference of coordinates computed from between Angio and CT localization method was within 2 mm, which could be generally accepted for the reliability of the localization system developed. We measured dose distribution in small fields of NEC 6 MVX linear accelerator using various detector; ion chamber, film, diode. Specific quantities measured include output factor, percent depth dose (PDD), tissue maximum ratio (TMR), off-axis ratio (OAR). There was small variation of measured data according to the different kinds of detectors used. The overall trends of measured beam data were similar enough to rely on our measurement. The measurement was performed with the use of hand-made spherical water phantom and film for standard arc set-up. We obtained the dose distribution as we expected. In conclusion, PC-based 3-D stereotactic localization system was developed to determine the stereotactic coordinate of the target. A convenient technique for the small field measurement was demonstrated. Those methods will be much helpful for the stereotactic radiosurgery.

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Rationally designed siRNAs without miRNA-like off-target repression

  • Seok, Heeyoung;Jang, Eun-Sook;Chi, Sung Wook
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.49 no.3
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    • pp.135-136
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    • 2016
  • Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have been developed to intentionally repress a specific gene expression by directing RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), mimicking the endogenous gene silencer, microRNAs (miRNAs). Although siRNA is designed to be perfectly complementary to an intended target mRNA, it also suppresses hundreds of off-targets by the way that miRNAs recognize targets. Until now, there is no efficient way to avoid such off-target repression, although the mode of miRNA-like interaction has been proposed. Rationally based on the model called "transitional nucleation" which pre-requires base-pairs from position 2 to the pivot (position 6) with targets, we developed a simple chemical modification which completely eliminates miRNA-like off-target repression (0%), achieved by substituting a nucleotide in pivot with abasic spacers (dSpacer or C3 spacer), which potentially destabilize the transitional nucleation. Furthermore, by alleviating steric hindrance in the complex with Argonaute (Ago), abasic pivot substitution also preserves near-perfect on-target activity (∼80-100%). Abasic pivot substitution offers a general means of harnessing target specificity of siRNAs to experimental and clinical applications where misleading and deleterious phenotypes from off-target repression must be considered.

Syntheses and Surface Active Properties of Amphoteric Surfactant(3);Syntheses of Carboxylated Amides from Imidazoline (양쪽성계면활성제의 유도체합성 및 계면성에 관한 연구(제3보);이미다졸린으로부터 유도된 카르복시화 아미드류의 합성)

  • Ro, Y.C.;Kim, H.S.;Nam, K.D.
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 1994
  • Amphoteric surfactants were synthesized by the cyclization of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-undecyl-2-imidazoline [I] with acrylic acid ethyl ester. Compound [I] was easily hydrolyzed with water, especially in the presence of a alkali, to afford amidoamines. After [I] was hydrolyzed, the reaction mixture was allowed to react with acrylic acid ethyl ester and then soapoinfied. Only sodium salts of N- -(2-carboxyethyl)-N'-(2-hydroxyethyl)aminoethyl]dodecanoyl amide[III] was obtained. However, when the reacton of [I] with acrylic acid ethyl ester was carried out in the presence of water, followed by soapnification, ring cleavage of [I] occurred at 2, 3 position, different from hydrolysis of [I] where the cleavage occurred at 1, 2 position, to give sodium salts of N-[N'-(2-carboxyethyl)aminoethyl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)dodecanoyl amide [IV] and N-[N', N'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)aminoethyl]-N(2-hydroxyethyl)dodecanoyl amide [V] as main products.

Tracking of Moving Objects for Mobile Mapping System (모바일매핑시스템에서의 이동객체 추적을 위한 연구)

  • Jung, Jae-Seung;Park, Jae-Min;Kim, Byung-Guk
    • Spatial Information Research
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    • v.14 no.2 s.37
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    • pp.235-244
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    • 2006
  • The MMS(Mobile Mapping System) using the vehicle equipped GPS, IMU and CCD Cameras is the effective system for the management of the road facilities, update of the digital map, and etc. The image, vehicle's 3 dimensional position and attitude information provided MMS is a important source for positioning objects included the image. In this research we applied the tracking technique to the specific object in image. The extraction of important object from immense MMS data makes more effectiveness in this system.

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A Simulation Based Assessment for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Quasi-Zenith Satellite System

  • Suh, Yong-Cheol;Shibasaki, Ryosuke
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.181-190
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    • 2003
  • Since the operation of the first satellite-based navigation service, satellite positioning has played an increasing role in both surveying and geodesy, and has become an indispensable tool for precise relative positioning. However, in some situations, e.g. at a low angle of elevation, the use of satellites for navigation is seriously restricted because obstacles like buildings and mountains can block signals. As a mean to resolve this problem, the quasi-zenith satellite system has been proposed as a next-generation satellite navigation system. Quasi-zenith satellite is a system which simultaneously deploys several satellites in a quasi-zenith geostationary orbit so that one of the satellites always stay close to the zenith if viewed from a specific point on the ground of East Asia. Thus, if a position measurement function compatible with CPS is installed in the quasi-zenith and stationary satellites, and these satellites are utilized together with the CPS, four satellites can be accessed simultaneously nearly all day long and a substantial improvement in position measurement, especially in metropolitan areas, can be achieved. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of quasi-zenith satellite system on positioning accuracy improvement through simulation by using precise orbital information of the satellites and a three-dimensional digital map. Through this developed simulation system, it is possible to calculate the number of simultaneously visible satellites and available area for positioning without the need of actual observation. Furthermore, this system can calculate the Dilution Of Precision (DOP) and the error distribution.