• 기술경영경제학회:학술대회논문집
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• 기술경영경제학회 1996년도 제10회 동계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.265-295
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• 1996

This paper investigates empirically the relationship between various business portfolio properties (particularly technological properties) and chaebol′s performance using data on the 50 largest chaebols in Korea. In addition to the traditional indexes to measure diversification such as entropy index we calculated inter-industry technological similarity using R&D expenditure data by industry and 1990 Input-output Table in Korea, and obtained chaebol-level technological relatedness and internal transaction proportion from chaebols′business profile, inter-industry technological similarity and 1990 input-output table. We applied factor analysis on 13 business portfolio property indexes and showed that they could be grouped into 3 dimensions, diversification scope, inter-business relatedness and degree of vertical integration. In this paper, using 50 largest chaebols′financial data (1989-1994), we analyzed empirically the effect of business portfolio properties on ROS (Return On Sales) which is conventional index for firm performance and on TFP(Total Factor Productivity) growth which is a pure measure of firm performance. To utilize the advantage of panel data, FEM(Fixed Effect Model) and REM(Random Effect Model) were used. The empirical result shows that the entropy index as a measurement of inter-business relatedness is not significant but technological relatedness index is significant. OLS estimates on pooled data were considerably different from FEM or REM estimates on panel data. By introducing interaction effect among the three variables for business portfolio properties, we obtained three findings. First, only VI (Vertical integration) has a significant positive correlation with ROS. Second, when using TFP growth as an dependent variable, both TR(Technological Relatedness) and f[ are significant and positively related to the deepened variable. Third, the interaction term between TR and VI is significant and negatively affects TFP growth, meaning that TR and VI are substitutes. These results suggest strategic directions on restructuring business portfolio. As VI is increased, chaebols will get more profit. A higher level of either TR or W will increase TFP growth rate. but increase in both TR and VI will have a negative effect on TFP growth. To summarize, certain business portfolio properties such as VI and TR can be considered "resources" themselves since they can affect profit rate and productivity growth. VI and TR have a synergy effect of change in profit rate and productivity growth. VI increases ROS and productivity growth, while TR increases productivity growth representing a technological synergy effect.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.160-164
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• 2007

In the steel industry, there is a need to produce large forged parts for the automobile industries, the flight and shipping industries ad military industries. In the steel-industry application, a cogging technique for cast ingots is required, because the major parts are needed as one large body in order to obtain higher quality. Therefore, cogging process is the primary step in manufacturing of practically large open-die forging. In the cogging process, internal voids have to be eliminated as defects, The present work is concerned with the elimination of the internal voids in large ingots so as obtain sound products. In this study, hot compression tests were carried out to obtain the flow stress of cast microstructure at different temperature and strain rates. The FEM analysis are performed to investigate the overlap defect of cast ingots during cogging stage. The measure flow stress data were used to simulate the cogging process of cast ingot using the practical material properties. Also the analysis of void closure are performed by using the $DEFORM^{TM}$-3D. The calculated results of void closure behavior are compared with the measured results before and after cogging, which are scanned by the X-ray scanner. From this result, the criteria for deformation amounts effect on the void closure can be investigated by the comparison of practical experiment and numerical analysis.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2013

PURPOSES : This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of AASHTO86 design method for Bonded Concrete Overlay. METHODS : The Feasibility of AASHTO86 design method for Bonded Concrete Overlay is investigated based on the following study : i) Sensitivity analysis of designed service life of Bonded Concrete Overlay by major design input for AASHTO86 guide. ii) Comparison of actual Bonded Concrete Overlay life and predicted Bonded Concrete Overlay life by AASHTO86. iii) Finding the stress component influence the potential distress of Bonded Concrete Overlay based on 3-d FEM analysis. iv) Exploring the limitation of AASHTO86 in the aspect of design input. RESULTS : Sensitivity analysis showed that the condition of existing pavement significantly on the Bonded Concrete Overlay life. Also the overlay thickness affect the Bonded Concrete Overlay life. The comparison of actual Bonded Concrete Overlay life and predicted Bonded Concrete Overlay life showed relatively good agreement when the early distress sections are excluded in comparison. Bonding stress occurred at the interface may be larger than the bond strength used in the specification of Bonded Concrete Overlay construction. CONCLUSIONS : Bonded Concrete Overlay life predicted by the AASHTO86 may not be reliable. Number of points to improve the reliability in the design of Bonded Concrete Overlay are suggested in this study.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.205-215
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• 2006

본 연구는 3차원 쉘요소를 이용한 유한요소해석을 통해 다이아프램으로 보강된 곡선 강박스거더교의 거동을 분석하였다. 매개변수연구를 통해 기존의 제안식과 비교함으로써 모델링의 타당성을 검증하였고, 뒤틀림 응력에 크게 영향을 미치는 인자는 중심내각, 지간길이, 다이아프램간격임을 확인하였다. 또한, 다이아프램의 간격, 개구율, 형상을 변수로 하여 해석한 결과에서는 지간이 30m, 곡률 반경이 40m인 해석모델에 대한 적정 다이아프램간격은 5m인 것으로 나타났다. 다이아프램의 형상 효과에 대해서는 라멘식 다이아프램의 경우가 개구율 0.4~0.6의 범위에서 개구부가 없는 충복판식 다이아프램보다 휨과 뒤틀림의 응력비가 낮아 거동에 유리한 것으로 나타났으며, 충복판식 다이아프램과 X형 트러스 방식의 다이아프램 비교에서는 동일한 강성을 가지더라도 충복판식 다이아프램이 뒤틀림응력을 보다 효과적으로 제어하였다.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 1999

본 연구는 가상 현실(virtual reality)을 활용하여 실제 고가의 실험장비를 구입하지 않고도 개인용 컴퓨터에서 인터넷상으로 가상적인 프레스를 이용한 압축실험을 할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. 가상압축실험의 구현은 인터넷을 통하여 세 개의 모듈 즉 입력, 계산, 결과로 나누어 계산되어진다. 입력모듈에서는 압축실험을 위하여 인터넷 사용자가 재료의 실험적인 특징을 입력하고 그 입력 값을 서버 컴퓨터로 보내주는 과정이며, 계산모듈은 서버 컴퓨터에 있는 시뮬레이션 해석프로그램을 이용하여 입력모듈의 입력 값을 받아들여 결과를 계산한 후 파일로 저장하는 과정이다. 결과모듈에서는 서버 컴퓨터에서 계산된 결과를 인터넷 사용자에게 도표와 그림 그리고 3차원 애니메이션을 보여주는 과정으로 되어있다. 이를 구현하기 위하여 인터넷의 언어인 HTML, CGI, VRML, JAVA를 사용하였으며, 유한요소법(FEM)을 이용한 해석프로그램은 포트란(Fortran) 언어로 제작되었다. 현재 인터넷상에서의 가상현실을 이용한 응용분야가 급속히 확대되므로 앞으로 공학적인 가상 실험에 관한 연구가 많이 이루어져 실제 실험을 대체할 것이다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2020

We present a multi-step cold drawing for a non-equiatomic Co₁₀Cr₁₅Fe₂₅Mn₁₀Ni₃₀V₁₀ high entropy alloy (HEA) with a simple face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure. The distribution of strain in the cold-drawn Co₁₀Cr₁₅Fe₂₅Mn₁₀Ni₃₀V₁₀ HEA wires was analyzed by the finite element method (FEM). The effective strain was expected to be higher as it was closer to the surface of the wire. However, the reverse shear strain acted to cause a transition in the shear strain behavior. The critical effective strain at which the shear strain transition behavior is completely shifted was predicted to be 4.75. Severely cold-drawn Co₁₀Cr₁₅Fe₂₅Mn₁₀Ni₃₀V₁₀ HEA wires up to 96% of the maximum cross-sectional reduction ratio were successfully manufactured without breakage. With the assistance of electron back-scattering diffraction and transmission electron microscope analyses, the abundant deformation twins were found in the region of high effective strain, which is a major strengthening mechanism for the cold-drawn Co₁₀Cr₁₅Fe₂₅Mn₁₀Ni₃₀V₁₀ HEA wire.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2007

Recently, there is a need to produce a large forged part for the flight, shipping, some energies, and military industries, etc. Therefore, an open die forging technique of cast ingots is required to obtain higher quality of large size forged parts. Cogging process is one of the primary stages in many open die forging processes. In the cogging process prior to some open die forging processes, internal cavities have to be eliminated for defect-free. The present work is concerned with the elimination of the internal cavities in large ingots so as to obtain sound products. In this study, hot compression tests were carried out to obtain the flow stress of cast microstructure at different temperature and strain rates. The FEM analysis is performed to investigate the overlap defect of cast ingots during cogging stage. The measured flow stress data were used to simulate the cogging process of cast ingot using the practical material properties. Also the analysis of cavity closure is performed by using the $DEFORM^{TM}-3D$. The calculated results of cavity closure behavior are compared with the measured results before and after cogging, which are scanned by the X-ray scanner. From this result, the criteria for deformation amounts effect on the cavity closure can be investigated by the comparison between practical experiment and numerical analysis.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1185-1186
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• 2007

The UTM-01 developed in 1998 was the first maglev vehicle in Korea for the urban transit maglev (UTM) system. Through the improvement of UTM-01 and development of UTM02, the commercialization of the UTM system is being prepared now. In order to prepare for the commercialization of maglev, it is necessary that an optimal design of the levitation magnet should be provided for the safe operation of the vehicle. The levitation force is formed through the function of magnetic flux density on the top of magnet poles and gap between magnet pole and guide rail. To generate a magnetic field that is high enough to levitate the vehicle, ferromagnetic materials, such as pure iron for magnet pole and SS400 for guide rail, were used. The heat generated by $I^2R$ loss of magnet conductor makes the thermal convection on the surface of magnet including coil and poles. As these two characteristics are nonlinear phenomena, this paper deals with the nonlinear analysis on the magnetic and thermal properties of the U-type levitation magnet by using 3-D finite element method (FEM). Base on the analysis results, a small scale U-type magnet was designed, manufactured, and tested and it was verified that the magnet manufactured was satisfactory to all the design specifications.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 1994

대형구조계에 대하여 구조중량의 최소화를 기하면서 고유진동수 제한조건을 만족시키는 동특성 최적화에 효율적인 한 방법을 제안한다. 일련의 근사최적화문제를 형성하는데 있어서는 고유진동수의 설계파라메터에 대한 감도와 설계파라메터의 역에 대한 감도를 병용하는 근사방법을 사용하며, 설계변수의 변화에 따른 고유진동해석 및 감도계산은 저자가 조선학회논문집 제30권 제3호에 발표한 바 있는 부분구조진동형 합성방법에 의거한다. 설계파라메터에 대한 감도와 설계파라메터의 역에 대한 감도를 병용하는 근사방법은 전자만을 사용하는 근사방법에 비해 적은 회수의 재해석으로 고유진동수 제한조건을 만족하는 설계값을 얻을 수 있다. 또한 설계변경에 따른 재해석시 앞서 발표했던 부분구조진동형 합성방법의 장점을 활용하므로써 효율적인 재해석이 가능하다. 제안된 방법의 유용성은 외팔보유추 구조계 및 선체단순화 2-D FEM모델의 상부구조를 대상으로 한 수치예제를 통하여 검증되었다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.325-334
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• 2008

연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 하악골 충격 시 구강보호장치의 재료적 성질에 따른 악골과 두부에 미치는 영향을 조사하는 것이다. 연구재료 및 방법: 경질과 연질의 서로 다른 성질을 가지는 구강보호장치를 두부외상이나 뇌질환 병력이 없고 정상교합과 자연치열을 가진 한국 성인 여성에게 제작하고, CT를 이용하여 악골과 두부의 3차원 유한요소모델을 제작하였다. 이 유한요소모델은 두개골, 뇌, 상악골, 하악골, 관절원판, 치아와 구강보호장치를 포함하며 407,825개의 elements와 82,138개의 node로 구성되어 있다. 0.1초동안 하악골 3부위에서 800 N으로 사선 방향의 힘을 가하였을 때 두 가지 재료에 따른 상악 치아, 상악골 및 두개골의 응력분포를 평가하였고 동일한 조건하에서 두 재료에 따른 뇌의 변위량을 비교하였다. 결과: 이 연구를 통해 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 상악치아에서 유효응력 값을 비교하였을 때 연질의 구강보호장치가 경질의 구강보호 장치보다 응력값이 유의차 있게 작게 나타났다 (P < .05). 2. 상악골과 두개골에서 응력값을 비교하였을 때 연질의 구강보호장치가 경질의 구강보호장치보다 응력값이 유의차 있게 작게 나타났다 (P < .05). 3. 경질의 구강보호장치에서 연질의 구강보호장치보다 상악치아 및 상악골과 두개골에 더 많은 응력집중부위를 보였다. 4. 경질의 구강보호장치와 연질의 구강보호장치 간에 하악 충격 시 뇌의 변위량은 연질의 구강보호장치 쪽이 크게 나타났으나 유의차는 없었다. 본 연구를 통하여 악골 충격 시에 경질 및 연질 구강보호장치가 상악골과 두개골에서의 응력분포에 미치는 양상을 알 수 있었지만, 아직도 이의 상관관계를 모두 파악하기에는 불충분한 점이 많으리라 생각되며, 스포츠 외상에 따른 구강보호장치의 재료에 따른 상관관계에 대하여 보다 더 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.