• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.497-507
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• 2022

In this study, we define tubular surfaces in Pseudo Galilean 3-space as type-1 or type-2. Using the X(s, t) position vectors of the surfaces and G(s, t) Gaussian transformations, we obtain equations for the two types of tubular surfaces that satisfy the conditions ∆X(s, t) = 0, ∆X(s, t) = AX(s, t), ∆X(s, t) = λX(s, t), ∆X(s, t) = ∆G(s, t), ∆G(s, t) = 0, ∆G(s, t) = AG(s, t) and ∆G(s, t) = λG(s, t).

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.197-213
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• 2001

Conjugate trienoic acids (CTA) occurred in triacylglycerols (TGs) of the seed oils of Trichosanthes kirilowii, Momordica charantia and Aleurites fordii, and they were easily converted to their methyl esters in a mixture of sodium methoxide-methanol without any structural destruction. The main fatty acids in triacylglycerol (TG) fraction of the seed oils of Trichosanthes kirilowii are $C_{18:2{\omega}6}$ (32.2 mol %), $C_{18:3{\;}9c.11t,13c}$ (38.0 mol %) and $C_{18:1{\omega}9}$ (11.8 mol %), followed with $C_{16:0}$ (4.8 mol %) and $C_{18:0}$ (3.1 mol %). The TG fraction was resolved into 20 TG molecular species according to the partition number (PN) by reversed-phase (RP)-HPLC. The main TG species were $DT_{c2}$, $MDT_{c}$ and $D_{2}T_{c}$, of which amounts reached 63 mol % of total TG molecular species. The TG sample was fractionated into 11 fractions according to the number of double bond in the molecule by $Ag^{+}-HPLC$ and the species of $DT_{c2}$, $MDT_{c}$ and $D_{2}T_{c}$ were also eluted as main components. The TG species containing CTA showed unusual behaviours in the order of elution by HPLC ; first, TG moleular species of $DT_{c2}$ (D; dienoic acid, $T_{c}$; punicic acid, $T_{ci}$; ${\alpha}-eleostearic$ acid, M ; monoenoic acid, $S_{t}$; stearic acid) was eluted earlier than $Mt_{c2}$, although they have the same PN number of 40, and, secondly, the species of $DT_{ci2}$ with eight double bonds was eluted earlier than that of $D_2T_{ci}$ with seven double bonds. Intact TG of the seed oils of Momordica charantia contained mainly fatty acids such as $C_{18:3{\omega}9c,11t,13t}$ (57.7 mol %), $C_{18:1{\omega}9}$ (17.4 mol %), $C_{18:0}$ (12.3 mol %) and $C_{18:2{\omega}6}$ (10.6 mol %), and was classified into 13 fractions by RP-HPLC. The main TG species were as follows ; $MT_{ci2}$ [$(C_{18:1{\omega}9})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_{2}$, 39.1 mol %] and $S_{t}T_{ci2}$ [$(C_{18:0})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_2$, 33.9 mol %] comprising about 73 mol % of total TG species, accompanied by $DT_{ci2}$ [$(C_{18:2{\omega}6})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_{2}$, 7.3 mol %], $D_{2}T_{ci}$ [$ (C_{18:2{\omega}6})_{2}(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})$, 3.6 mol %] and $MDT_{ci}$ [$(C_{18:1{\omega}9})(C_{18:2{\omega}6})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})$, 3.5 mol %]. Simple TG species of $T_{ci3}$ [$(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_3]$ was present in a small amount of 1.4 mol %, but other simple TG species were not detected. The TG was also resolved into 11 fractions according to the number of double bond by $Ag^{+}-HPLC$, and the species were mainly occupied by $MT_{ci2}$ [$(C_{18:1{\omega}9})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_{2}$, 39.4 mol %] and $S_tT-{ci2}$ [$(C_{18:0})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_{2}$, 35.4 mol %] $DT_{ci2}$ species with eight double bonds was also developed faster than $D_2T_{ci}$ one with seven double bonds as indicated in the analysis of TG of the seed oils of T. kirilowii, and $MT_{ci2}$ species with cis, trans, trans-configurated double bond was eluted earlier than $MT_{c2}$ species with cis, trans, cis-configurated double bond. The main components of fatty acid in total TG fraction isolated from the seed oils of of Aleurites fordii were in the following order ; $C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t}$ (81.2 mol %)> $C_{18:2{\omega}6}$ (8.5 mol %)> $C_{18:1{\omega}9}$ (5.4 mol %)$. With resolution of the TG by RP-HPLC, eight fractions such as $T_{ci3}$, $Dt_{ci2}$, $D_{2}T_{ci}$, $MT_{ci2}$, $PT_{ci2}$ (P; palmitic acid), $PMT_{ci}$, $PDT_{ci}$ and $S_{t}T_{ci2}$ ($S_{t}$; stearic acid) were isolated, respectively. TG species of $T_{ci3}$ [$(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_{3}$, 54.2 mol %], $DT_{ci2}$ [$(C_{18:2{\omega}6})(C_{18:3\;9c,11t,13t})_{2}$, 15.0 mol %] and $MT_{ci2}$ [$(C_{18:1{\omega}9})(C_{18:3 9c,11t,13t})_{2}$, 14.8 mol %] were present as main species.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.93-104
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• 1996

A field experiment was conducted in Chungju and Jungwon to evaluate growth characteristics, dry matter yield, protein yield and palatability of intercropping comparing with monocropping forage crops by the use of sorghum $\times$ sudangrass hybrid(S.S.H.), five forage soybeans and two forage cowpeas of superior to selected experiment of varieties. All eight treatment plots were replicated three times and cutting date were cut July 6 and September 9. 1. The mean leaf number of S.S.H. in intercropping T2 treatment showed high compared to T1 treatment in all treatment except for Hwangkeum treatment, but T3 treatment was lower than the other treatments. In the leaf number of soybean, Jangbaek treatment was the highest as 47 leaves per plant, cowpea treatments showed high above 50 leaves. The stem diameter of S.S.H. in Jangyeob treatment of T2 treatment was 9.6mm. In legume, cowpea of T3 treatment was high as ranged from 7.9mm to 8.2mm. In stem hardiness of S.S.H., TI treatment was the lower than the other treatments, while Jangbaek treatment of T2 treatment was the highest as $2.0kg/cm^2$. In legume crops, Jangbaek and Baekun treatment were the highest as $1.6kg/cm^2$, but T3 treatment was very low as $0.3~0.6kg/cm^2$. 2. In the mean leaf ratio of S.S.H., T1 treatment was higher than T2 and T3 treatment as 34.9%. In the legume crops, Togyu treatment was the highest as 40.9%. In the mean tiller number of S.S.H., T2 treatment showed high compared to TI treatment, but T3 treatment of was rather decrease than The tiller number of S.S.H. in Jangyeob treatment of T2 treatment was the highest as 4.6 per plant. The dead stubble of S.S.H. was high in order to T3>T1>T2 treatment>, T3 treatment was highly about 2 times compared to T2 treatment. 3. S.S.H. as T3 treatment was resistant to lodging, but T3 and T1 treatment showed highly lodging. In the legums, T3 treatment was resistant to lodging, but T2 treatment showed highly lodging. In the S.S.H. of T2 treatment, the leaf of summer depression was not occurrence, but T3 treatment was higher than the other treatments. 4. The palatability of domestic animals was high in order of T2>Tl>T3, especially Togyu treatment of T2 treatment was the highest at the holstein and deer, and Jangyeob treatment of T2 treatment was the highest in the Korean native cattle. But T3 treatment was lower than other treatments in the holstein and Korean native cattle. 5. Fresh yield of monocropping(T1) was the highest as 94, 650kg/ha, while dry matter yield in Jangyeob treatment of T2 treatment was the highest as 15, 575/ha But fresh yield and dry matter yield of T3 treatment were the lowest(P<0.05). 6. Protein yield in T2 treatment was high, especially Jangyeob treatment of T2 treatment was the highest as 1, 605.5 kg/ha T3 treatment was low in spite of high protein content, because dry matter yield was lower than the other treatments. In conclusion, among T1, T2 and T3 treatment, Jangyeob, Togyu and Baekun treatments of T2 treatment showed optimum varieties for intercropping with S.S.H., because they showed high Dry matter yield, protein yield and palatability.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.21-25
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• 1981

갑상선(甲狀線) hormone인, $T_4,\;T_3$, 및 유리(遊離) $T_4$치(値)를 임신3분기별(姙娠3分期別), 분만직후(分娩直後), 그리고 신생아(新生兒)의 제대혈(臍帶血)에서 측정(測定)(RIA)한 결과 다음과 같은 성적(成績)을 얻었다. 1) 임신중(姙娠中) 혈청(血淸) $T_4$치(値)는 정상대조군(正常對照群)에 비(比)하여 높았으며 분만직후(分娩直後)에는 약간(若干) 높았으나 신생아(新生兒)에서는 정상(正常)이었다. 2) 혈청(血淸) $T_3$치(値)는 임신중(姙娠中)에 정상범위(正常範圍)였으나, 분만직후(分娩直後)에 정상(正常)의 2배이상(2倍以上) 상승(上昇)했으며 신생아(新生兒)에서는 정상대조군(正常對照群)에 비(比)하여 저하(低下)되었다. 3) 혈청유리(血淸遊離) $T_4$치(値)는 임신중기(姙娠中期)와 말기(末期)에서 유의(有意)하게 저하(低下)되었고 분만직후(分娩直後)나 신생아(新生兒)에서는 정상(正常)이었다. 따라서 여러 학자(學者)들이 보고(報告)한 바와 같이 갑상선중독증환자(甲狀線中毒症患者)가 임신(姙娠)이 된다면 중독증상(中毒症狀)이 개선(改善)된다는 사실(事實)을 저자(著者)들은 유효(有效) hormone인 $T_3$의 저정상범위(低正常範圍)에 머무는 것과 유리(遊離) $T_4$가 저하(低下)되는 것으로 설명(說明)될 가능성(可能性)을 제시(提示)하는 바이다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2005

웅성 선숙형 해산 어류인 감성돔에게 $T_3$를 경구 투여하여 성스테로이드인 testosterone(T), $estradiol-17{\beta}(E_2)$ 및 cortisol 수준의 변화와 생식소 발달을 조사하였다. 외인성 $T_3$는 사육 60일째 감성돔의 혈장 T의 수준을 유의하게 상승시켰으나, 혈장 $E_2$ 및 난모세포의 크기에는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 또한 $T_3$ 처리는 생식소 내 정소 발달과 정자 형성과정을 촉진시켰으며, 정자 방출 기간을 연장하는 것으로 나타났다. $T_3$를 처리한 실험구에서 60일째에 혈장 cortisol 수준이 대조구에 비하 여 유의하게 높았다. 본 연구 결과에서 외인성 $T_3$는 T와 cortisol 분비에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 기능적 수컷의 생식소 발달에 있어 직 간접적으로 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 보인다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.281-290
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• 1989

1987년 $1\~2$월에 걸쳐 동지나해에서 대형기저쌍끌이어업에 의해 어획된 덕대를 대상으로 연령, 성장에 관하여 조사하였다. 연령사정은 추체로 하였으며, 추체경에 대한 연역지수에 의한 윤문의 형성은 $9\~10$월에 걸쳐 연1회 형성되었다. 추체경(R)에 대한 체장(FL)과의 관계는 암컷 : $FL=8.8262R^{0.7709}$ 수컷 ; $FL=8.9676R^{0.7976}$ 전체 ; $FL=8.7883R^{0.7681}$과 같다. 체장(FL)에 대한 체중(BW)과의 관계는 암컷 : $BW=0.0093FL^{3.3795}$ 수컷 ; $BW=0.0081FL^{3.4153}$ 전체 : $BW=0.0084FL^{3.4125}$와 같다. 연령(t)에 대한 체장($L_t$)의 버틀란피 성장식은 암컷 : $$L_t=29.17(1-e xp(-0.3213(t+0.7601)))$$ 수컷 ; $$L_t= 28.21(1-e xp(-0.3L69(t+0.8284)))$$ 전체 : $$L_t=29.00(1-e xp(-0.3228(t+0.7361)))$$와 같다. 연령(t)에 대한 체중($W_t$)의 버틀란피 성장식은 암컷; $$W_t=829.4(1-e xp(-0.3213(t+0.7601)))^{3.3795}$$ 수컷; $$W_t=747.6(1-e xp(-0.3169(t+0.8284)))^{3.4154}$$ 전체 : $$W_t=816.8(1-e xp(-0.3228(t+ 0.7361)))^{3.4125}$$와 같다. 월별 연령별 평균체장($L_t$)에 대한 주기변동 버틀란피 성장식은 암컷 : $$L_t=29.2(1-e xp(-0.3458(t+0.8182)+(0.3458/2\pi) sin2\pi(t+0.027)))$$ 수컷 : $$L_t=28.2(1-e xp(-0.2789(t+1.5193)+(0.2789/2\pi) sin2\pi(t-0.1062)))$$와 같다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.162-168
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• 2022

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of planting densities on the growth characteristics, dry matter yield, and feed value of "Geukdong 6" (a new variety of corn for feed). The experimental design was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Treatments consisted of six planting densities, 60 cm × 25 cm (T1), 60 cm × 30 cm (T2), 70 cm × 25 cm (T3), 70 cm × 30 cm (T4), 80 cm × 25 cm (T5) and 80 cm × 30 cm (T6). All treatments were sown on May 14, 2021, and the harvest was on October 3 (late flowering). Plant length and the number of tillers were the highest in T5 (p<0.05), but the number of leaves and stem diameter were the highest in T6 than in the other treatments (p<0.05). Leaf length, leaf width, and dead leaf were not significantly different among the treatments. Organic matter was highest in T6, and crude protein was highest in T5 (p<0.05). The ether extract was not significantly different among the treatments. Crude fiber, NDF, and ADF were highest in T2 with relatively higher planting density (p<0.05). Calcium and phosphorus were not significantly different among the treatments. TDN content was the highest in T3 (p<0.05). Sugar degree (Brix), fructose, glucose, dextran, isomerose, and inverted sugar were not significantly different among the treatment. Fresh yield, dry matter yield and TDN yield were higher in order of T6 > T5 > T4 > T3 > T2 > T1 (p<0.05). Relatively feed value was higher in order of T3 > T6 > T5 > T1 > T4 > T2 (p<0.05). Based on the above results, planting density could be recommended from 80 cm × 30 cm for efficient production of "Geukdong 6".

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2013

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 환자에서 임상적으로 사용되는 영상 프로토콜을 이용하여 시행된 3.0 T 심장자기공명영상을 1.5 T 와 비교하여 그 유용성을 알아보고자 하는데 있다. 대상과 방법: 10개월간 30명의 환자에서 얻은 1.5 T 자기공명영상과 20명의 3.0 T 영상을 후향적으로 비교하였다. 각각의 영상에 대하여 신호 대 잡음비 (signal-to-noise ratio: SNR), 대조도 대 잡음비 (contrast-to-noise ratio: CNR), 영상 화질 (artifact의 정도에 따라서 5단계로 분류)을 평가하고 비교하였다. 결과: T1심장 형태 영상 및 심근 생존능 평가 영상에서는 3.0 T 자기공명영상에서 영상화질 (T1: $3.8{\pm}0.9$ vs. $3.9{\pm}0.7$, p=0.438; T2-SPAIR: $3.8{\pm}0.9$ vs. $3.9{\pm}0.5$, p=0.744; 지연기 조영 증강 영상: $4.5{\pm}0.8$ vs. $4.7{\pm}0.6$, p=0.254)의 유의한 저하 없이 SNR과 CNR의 향상을 보였다 (T1: SNR 29%, p < 0.001, CNR 37%, p < 0.001; T2-SPAIR: SNR 13%, p=0.068, CNR 18%, p=0.059; 지연기 조영 증강 영상: SNR 45%, p=0.017, CNR 37%, p=0.135). 심장Cine 영상에서 3.0 T 심장영상이 1.5 T 영상과 비교하여 영상화질($3.6{\pm}0.7$ vs. $4.2{\pm}0.6$, p < 0.001)이 다소 떨어졌으나 SNR과 CNR의 유의한 상승을 보였다 (SNR 143% 상승, CNR 108% 상승, p < 0.001). 심근관류영상에서는 SNR (11% 감소, p=0.172)과 CNR (7% 감소, p=0.638) 이 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 정도로 감소되었으나 영상화질($4.6{\pm}0.5$ vs. $4.0{\pm}0.8$, p=0.006)은 유의한 향상을 보였다. 결론: 실제 임상영역에서 사용되는 영상 프로토콜로 시행된 3.0 T 심장자기공명영상은 1.5T 영상과 비교하여 충분한 영상의 질을 제공하였다.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.303-310
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• 1998

난황형성 단계에 있는 암컷 어미에게 갑상선 호르몬인 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine ($T_3$)를 20 mg $T_3$/kg 체중으로 주사하여 출산된 조피볼락 자어를 대조구인 sham구 및 control구 자어와 함께 30일간 사육하면서 성장과 생존율을 비교하였다. 자어에게는 출산후 5일째까지 rotifer를 공급하였고, 6~15일까지 rotifer와 Artemia nauplii를, 이후 30일까지 Artemia nauplii와 넙치용 배합사료를 혼합공급하였다. 출산후 자어의 성장은 대조구들에 비해 $T_3$구에서 유의하게 빨랐으며, 생존율 역시 T하(3)구가 대조구들 보다 유의하게 높았다. 실험종료시 치어의 비만도는 $T_3$구가 control구에 비해 다소 낮았고, sham구에 비해서는 유의하게 낮았다. 이상의 결과, 조피볼락에 대한 $T_3$의 모체주사는 모체에서 유래된 외인성$T_3$가 초기 출산자어의 생리활성을 증진시켜, 자치어의 성장과 생존율 향상에 도움을 줄 수 있는 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.721-726
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• 1998

조피볼락 암컷의 난황형성기에 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyro-nine($T_3$)을 20mg/kg 체중으로 모체주사하여 어미의 혈중 THs 농도변화 및 알과 출산자어로의 THs 전이여부를 조사하였다. L-thyroxine($T_4$)의 경우. 어미의 혈중 및 출산직후 자어에서 $T_3$구와 대조구 사이에 농도 차이를 파악할 수 없었지만, 알에서는 $T_3$구가 대조구 보다 낮은 $T_4$함량을 나타냈다. 어미에게 $T_3$를 주사한 결과, 외인성 $T_3$가 24시간 이내에 어미의 혈중으로 빠르게 흡수되어 난소로 전이된 다음, 출산직후의 난황낭 자어에서도 지속적으로 체류하는 것으로 파악되었다. 일반적으로 난생경골어류에서 THs가 자어 발생 및 변태에 영향을 미치는 점을 고려해 볼 때, 외인성 $T_3$의 모체주사에 의해 조피볼락 자어의 생리활성을 증대시킬 수 있을 것이며, 종묘생산시 건강한 종묘의 생산 가능성이 높을 것으로 보인다.