• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.133-141
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• 1997

Gonadal maturation and annual reproductive cycle of the cultured scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis from eastern waters near of Kangwon-do province, Korea were studied on the basis of monthly variation of gonadosomatic indices (GSI) and histological observations of gonadal tissue. During the experimental period, water temperature at the depth of 20m and sunshine duration per day were ranged from $5.3^{\circ}C\;to\;18.0^{\circ}C$ and 9.4 to 14.6 hours, respectively. GSI values of femal were in a wide range from $2.8\pm0.37(August)\;to\;22.66\pm4.38(April)$. GSI values began to increase in March and reached the maxium in April, then decreased repidly. GSI values of male were in a range from $2.04\pm0.80(August)\;to\;20.46\pm1.49(April)$ and were same tendency with female's. Digestive diverticula indices (DDI) of both sex reached the maximum values in December, then deceased gradually until September. Contrary to GSI, adductor muscle indices (AMI) of both sex were the minium values in April, but began to increase rapidly until July and reached $47.71\pm3.17(female)\;and\;48.70\pm3.55(male)$. In the scallp collected hermaphroditic gonads were found. Monthly changes of oocyte diameter were in a range from 11.3 um(October) to 73.3um (April) and nuclear diameters were in a range from 8.3um (September) to 35.3um (April), similar tendency with each other. The changes in number of ovarian tubules were reciprocal tendency with those of oocyte diameter and monthly number of ovarian tubules per $\textrm{mm}^2$ in the tissue perpatation was in a range from 51 (April) to 175 (August). As the results, the annual reproductive cycle of the cultured scallolp from eastern waters of Korea could be classified into five successive stages : multiplicative (October), growing (November to February), mature (March and April), spawning (April to June) and recovery (July to September) in female ; multiplicative (October and November), growing (December and January), mature (February to April), spawning (April to June) and recovery (July to September) in male.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.24 no.1 s.129
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• pp.28-31
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• 1985

본 조사는 1984년 11월부터 12월까지 전국 간호교육기관 52개교를 대상으로 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 전국 간호교육기관 수는 대학과정 17개교, 전문대학과정 32개교로 총 49개교이다. 2. 1984년도 재학생 수는 15,752명으로 대학과정 3,343명, 전문대학과정 12,409명이다. 3. 1984년도 졸업생 수는 3,965명으로 대학과정 616명, 전문대학과정 3,349명이다. 4. 1984년도 졸업생의 취업률은 96.2$\%$로, 임상분야에 대부분(92$\%$)이 취업하고 있다. 5. 1984년도 간호교육자 수는 683명이고, 1983년 3월부터 1984년 2월까지 출판된 저서는 33권 논문은 463편이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.156-156
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• 2016

2016년 2월 5일, 짐바브웨는 극심한 가뭄으로 인해 인구의 4분의 1이상이 식량난을 겪고 있다며 '국가 재난 사태'를 선포하였다. 한때 아프리카 곡창지대로 불리던 짐바브웨가 극심한 가뭄을 겪게 된 데에는 2015/16년 슈퍼엘니뇨의 영향이 크게 한 몫을 하였는데, 이는 남반구의 여름인 11월부터 이듬해 3월까지인 짐바브웨의 우기가 2015/16년 슈퍼엘니뇨 강도가 절정에 달했던 시기(10월에서 2월)와 겹쳐져 짐바브웨의 강수량이 슈퍼 엘니뇨의 영향을 받게 되었기 때문이다. 게다가 4월부터는 엘니뇨의 영향을 받은 우기가 끝나고 건기가 시작되기 때문에 앞으로 가뭄이 얼마나 더 악화될지 우려되는 상황이다. 짐바브웨의 기후를 살펴보면, 증발량이 강수량보다 많은 건조기후 중에서도 비교적 그 정도가 약한 기후인 반건조 지대에 속한다. 하지만 연강수량 변동에 따라서, 비가 내리는 해에는 토양 수분이 과잉되고 비가 적게 내리는 해에는 심한 물 부족 현상이 일어나게 되기 때문에, 건기가 시작되는 4월부터 짐바브웨 강수 예측은 가뭄이 얼마나 지속될지를 파악하는 데에 아주 중요한 요소가 될 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 강수 예측 결과를 중심으로 2016년 짐바브웨의 가뭄이 얼마나 지속되고, 또 가뭄의 강도는 어떻게 될지 알아보는 것에 목적을 두고, GCM을 이용하여 2016년 3월에서 10월까지 장기예측을 수행하였다. 경계 자료로는 ECMWF (European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts)에서 제공하는 Sea Ice자료와, NOAA OI (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Optimum Interpolation) Weekly SST자료를 사용하였고 엘니뇨의 영향을 고려하기 위해 IRI (International Research Institute)의 ENSO forecast를 참고하여 SST아노말리에 월별 가중치를 적용하였다. 초기 입력 자료로는 1월 21-30일 10일간의 ECMWF의 재분석 자료를 이용하여 총 10개 멤버의 앙상블 예측을 수행하였고, 8개월(3-10월) 기간에 대해 약 한 달간의 spin-up time을 주었다. 예측 자료를 모델 climatology와 비교하여 월 평균 강수 전망을 분석하였고, 기온과 해면기압의 월 평균자료도 추가 분석하였다. 또한 짐바브웨 지역의 강수 관측 자료와 모델 예측 자료를 이용하여 특정 도시들의 1년 누적강수를 예측 및 분석하였고, 최종적으로 이 결과를 통해 짐바브웨의 가뭄지속가능성을 살펴보았다.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.192-202
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• 2000

Reproductive biology of the slimy, Leiognathus nuchalis was investigated by means of histological methods. Sex ratio was 1.81 : 1 in female to male. Developmental pattern of oocytes was group-synchronous. Testicular structure was restricted spermatogonial testis-type of tubular testis. The size of first group maturity is 7.5 cm in total length. Gonadosomatic index(GSI) of female was the highest in July(12.83) and the lowest in September(1.08). GSI of male was the highest in June(19.0) and the lowest in October(0.24). Hepatosomatic index(HSI) of female showed to be positively correlated with GSI. Thoracic spot index(TSI) showed to be the minimum value from May to July when the maturation and ripe season of gonad. Reproductive cycle of female could be classified into the growing(March~May), maturation(May~June), ripe and spent(June~August), recovery(August~November), and resting stage(November~March). Reproductive cycle of male could be classified into the multiplicative and growing(January~April), maturation(April~May), ripe and spent(June~August), recovery(August~October), and resting stage(October~December).

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.51-51
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• 2020

들깨는 식물성 오메가-3의 우수한 급원으로서 국내에서 그 수요가 크게 확대되고 있는 실정이다. 들깨 재배농가에서는 파종시기를 고려한 적합한 들깨 품종에 대한 요구가 많아 이를 해결하고자 중부지역에 적합한 품종을 선발하고자 시험을 수행하였다. 파종시기는 6월 상순, 6월 중순, 7월 초순 3시기로 구분하여 파종하였으며, 토양 검정시비량을 시비하고 완전임의배치법으로 3반복으로 시험구를 배치하였다. 시험품종으로 다유 등 10품종을 선정하여 시험하였다. 6월 초순 파종에서 개화기는 다실 품종이 8월 20일로 가장 빨랐으며, 다유, 대실, 들샘, 새엽실 품종이 9월 10일로 가장 늦었다. 6월 중순 파종에서 개화기는 다실 품종이 8월 27일로 가장 빨랐으며, 들샘 품종이 9월 11일로 가장 늦었다. 7월 초순 파종에서 개화기는 다실 품종이 8월 27일로 가장 빨랐으며, 들샘과 새엽실 품종이 9월 11일로 가장 늦었다. 들깨 천립중은 파종기가 늦어질수록 대체적으로 무거워지는 경향을 보였다. 6월 초순 파종에서 백진, 들향, 새엽실 다유 품종이 10a 당 110kg 이상의 수량을 나타냈으며, 6월 중순 파종에서 다유, 들향, 백진, 새엽실 품종이 10a 당 120kg 이상의 수량을 나타내었고, 7월 초순 파종에서는 다유, 들향, 새엽실 품종이 10a 당 110kg 이상의 수량을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 중부지역에서는 대체적으로 6월 중순 파종이 적합하였으며 전작물을 고려하여 들깨 파종시기를 빠르거나 늦게 할 경우에는 각 시기에 적합한 품종을 파종하면 안정적인 수량 확보가 가능하다. 중부지역에서 파종기에 따른 영향이 적고 안정적인 수량을 생산할 수 있는 품종으로는 다유, 들향, 새엽실 이었다. 이상의 결과로 부터 품종별 최대 수량을 얻기 위해서는 각 품종에 맞는 파종기를 준수하여야 할 것으로 사료되었다.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.344-347
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• 2007

Optimal date to cover plastic film tunnel for hastening the harvest and increasing the yield in asparagus was studied using 2-year-old 'Green tower' cultivar in Jeju. Plastic film tunnel was covered on January 10 and 21, and February 10 and 25 in 2004. The asparagus spear sprouted on March 3 in the control. They emerged earlier by about 2 to 3 weeks in the plots covered on January 10 and 25 than the control. First harvesting was hastened by 3 weeks in the plots covered on February 10 and two weeks in the plots covered on January 25 and February 10 compared to the control. Yield per plant was the highest in plastic film tunnel covered on January 10 and 25. Early harvesting in february in plastic film tunnel covered on January 10 and 25 were 325 and 333 kg/10a respectively with no significant difference between two treatments whereas yield was low significantly in plastic film tunnel covered on February 10 and 25.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.295-299
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• 2014

Seasonal occurrences of three Tortricinae species were monitored at persimmon orchard in Changwon city ($35^{\circ}$09'18.16"N $128^{\circ}$34'43.63"E), Gyeongnam, Korea, by using sex attractant traps in 2012 and 2013. The two years of monitoring revealed that Adoxophyes honmai and Homona magnanima occurred four times a year, and Neocalyptis angustilineata did three times. Peak occurrence of A. honmai was recorded in mid-May, from early to mid-July, from late July to early August, and from mid- to late September for the generation, respectively. H. magnanima population peaked during mid- to late May, mid-July, from late August to early September, and from late September to mid-October for the generation, respectively. N. angustilineata showed three clear peaks from late May to early June, in late July, and from early to mid-September for the first, second, and third generation, respectively.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.75-87
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• 2018

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of planting time on the survival rate and growth. Ilex cornuta Lindl., I. aquifolium 'Silver Queen', Ardisia pusilla 'Variegata', and Rhododendron indicum(Satsuki azalea) were planted in pottery pot six times such as April 1, June 1, July 1, August 1, October 1, and December 1 in 2017. The survival rate of I. cornuta Lindl. planted in April, October, and December was 100%, whereas the survival rates were 90% in June, 50% in July, and 60% in August, respectively. The survival rates of I. aquifolium 'Silver Queen' and R. schlippenbachii were also shown about 60% in July and 70% in August, which were lower than in the other planting times at 100%. However, the survival rate of A. pusilla 'Variegata' was shown 100% in the all planting times. The growth rates of plant length, plant height or leaf length or any others of I. cornuta Lindl. were shown 20.0%, 15.5% and 16.5% planted in June, July, and August, respectively, while those planted in April, October and December were 3.2%, 12.3% and 10.7% respectively. Similarly, the growth rates of leaf numbers and plant length of I. cornuta Lindl., A. pusilla 'Variegata', and R. indicum(Satsuki azalea) planted in summer season from June to August for all plat (not only leaf numbers and plant length in was facilitated, while the growth was restrained in planting for spring or autumn. Therefore, the plantation during summer is better for increasing the survival rate and promoting the growth.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.227-231
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• 1998

Flowering characteristics and optimal harvest time for seed of wasabi variety. Daruma, were investigated from Dec. 1995 to June 1996 in film house of Suwon. The number of peduncle was $10.2{\pm}2.29$ and most of the peduncle emerged between Jan. 20 and Feb. 10. Average peduncle length was $124{\pm}29.60cm$ and the peduncle grew most rapidly in the middle of march. Flowering started on Jan. 27 and lasted until June 4 with a peak at march 21 and flowering period was $99{\pm}21.32$ days. Flowers which bloomed later than the middle of March set seed but those bloomed earlier became sterile because days with minimum temperature below freezing occurred until the middle of March. Maturing period was $37.5{\pm}2.60$ days and total seed set was $43.2{\pm}8.77%$ in the natural culture condition. Optimal harvest time for seed was the last ten days of May and seed yield per $m^2$ was $79.0{\pm}19.94g%$(11,177 seeds).

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.400-404
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• 2000

Hairy vetch (vicia villosa Roth), leguminous green manure crop, can increase soil fertility and reduce chemical nitrogen application for cash crop such as spring corn. More yield of hairy vetch is needed at planting cash crop to obtain higher effect of green manure. Hairy vetch waa seeded on Sep.10, Oct.1, and Oct. 20 and at 10, 20, 30 and 40 kg/ha of seeding rate respectively, in 1996 and 1997, Dry matter and nitrogen yield of hairy vetch were measured on May 1 in 1997 and 1998. Proper seeding rate of hairy vetch was 30 kg/ha irrespective of years and seeding dates. Above-ground dry matters of hairy vetch on May 1 in 1997 and 1998 decreased according to delayed seeding, and those were 5.5-7, 4-4.5, 1.3-2.2 ton/ha on Sep. 10, Oct. 1 and Oct 20 of seeding date, respectively in seeding rate 30-40 kg/ha. Also nitrogen yield of hairy vetch on May 1 decreased according to delayed seeding, and those were 220-280, 160-180, 60-100kg/ha on Sep. 10, Oct. 1 and Oct 20 of seeding date, respectively in seeding rate 30-40kg/ha. Therefore, we suggest that hairy vetch has to be seeded earlier in autumn to obtain high green manure yield in spring. To determine the detailed optimum seeding time in autumn, hairy vetch was seeded on Aug. 20, Aug. 31, Sep. 10, Sep. 20, and Sep. 30 in 1999 and was harvested on April 22, April 27, and May 2 in 2000, respectively. Dry matter and nitrogen yield of hairy vetch by seeding in late August were higher than those by seeding in September indicating that dry matter of hairy vetch were 7-8, 6-7, 4-5, 2-3 ton/ha and nitrogen yield were 240-290, 200-260, 150-220, 70-120 kg/ha, respectively when seeded on Aug. 20, Aug. 31, Sep. 10, Sep. 20 and Sep. 30 and harvested on April 22-May 2. Increase of dry matter and N yield of hairy vetch by 10days delayed harvest was higher in late August seeding than in September seeding. So hairy vetch should be seeded in late August if possible to obtain much more green manure yield and be seeded until September because green manure yield decrease rapidly when seeded after October.